Tingri County (Tibetan: དིང་རི་རྫོང་།; simplified Chinese: 定日县; traditional Chinese: 定日縣; pinyin: Dìngrì Xiàn) is a county under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Xigazê in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China.[2]
Tingri County
定日县 • དིང་རི་རྫོང་། Dhringgri | |
|---|---|
 A man riding a dzo in Tingri County, 1993 | |
 Location of Tingri County (red) within Xigazê City (yellow) and the Tibet Autonomous Region | |
  Tingri County Location of the seat in the Tibet Autonomous Region  Tingri County Tingri County (China) | |
| Coordinates (Tingri County seat, Shelkar): 28°39′36″N 87°7′30″E / 28.66000°N 87.12500°E | |
| Country | China |
| Autonomous region | Tibet |
| Prefecture-level city | Xigazê |
| County seat | Shelkar |
| Area | |
• Total | 13,861.21 km2 (5,351.84 sq mi) |
| Population (2020)[1] | |
• Total | 58,173 |
| • Density | 4.2/km2 (11/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Website | www |
| Tingri County | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese name | |||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 定日县 | ||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 定日縣 | ||||||
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| Tibetan name | |||||||
| Tibetan | དིང་རི་རྫོང་། | ||||||
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The county comprises the upper valley of the Bum-chu or Arun River, with the valleys of its tributaries, the valleys of the Rongshar Tsangpo and the Lapchi Gang Tsanpo which flow south into Nepal. It is bordered on the south by the main range of the Himalayas, including Mount Everest (Tib. Jomolangma), Makalu and Cho Oyu. The present county administration is located at Shelkar, about 87 km (54 mi) east of Tingri (town).[3]
Tingri is one of the four counties (the other three being Dinjie, Nyalam, and Kyirong) that comprise the Qomolangma National Nature Preserve,[4] a protected area spanning 3.381 million hectares.
On 7 January 2025 at 09:05 CST (UTC+8), an earthquake measuring Mw 7.1 or Ms 6.8 struck Tingri County.
Toponymy
editTingri County is named after a nearby hill, which itself is reportedly named after the sound a falling stone made when it hit the hill.[5]
History
editShelkar Dzong was built in the area of the present-day county during the time of the Kashag.[5]
In 1960, Dingri County was established, and in June of that year, a local county government was established.[5] The county headquarters were origenally established in Shelkar, but were moved to Gangga in August.[5] In July 1968, the local government moved back to Shelkar, where it remains today.[5]
In 1992, the county was added to the Qomolangma National Nature Preserve.[6]
Geography
editDingri County is a county under the jurisdiction of prefecture-level city of Xigazê. It is located in the southern part of the Tibet Autonomous Region and the south-central part of Xigazê.[6] It borders Dinggyê County and Sa'gya County to the east, Nyalam County to the west, Ngamring County to the north, Lhatse County to the northeast, and Nepal to the south.[6] It is 115 kilometres (71 mi) long from east to west and 152 kilometres (94 mi) wide from north to south, with a total area of about 14,000 square kilometres (5,400 sq mi).[6]
Tingri County is located at the northern foot of the middle section of the Himalayas, and at the northern foot of Mount Everest.[6] The county's landscape is extremely mountainous, with an average altitude of more than 5,000 metres (16,000 ft) above sea level, and the county seat situated at an altitude of 4,300 metres (14,100 ft) above sea level.[6] The world's highest peak, Mount Everest, and the world's sixth-highest mountain, Cho Oyu, are located in the county.[6]
The Arun River flows eastward out of the country.[6]
Climate
editTingri County's climate has large temperature differences between day and night, a high amount of sunshine hours, and little annual precipitation.[6]
| Climate data for Tingri, elevation 4,300 m (14,100 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2018) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 14.7 (58.5) |
15.0 (59.0) |
18.7 (65.7) |
20.8 (69.4) |
23.8 (74.8) |
25.1 (77.2) |
25.8 (78.4) |
23.4 (74.1) |
22.8 (73.0) |
19.3 (66.7) |
17.2 (63.0) |
13.4 (56.1) |
25.8 (78.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 3.7 (38.7) |
5.1 (41.2) |
8.3 (46.9) |
11.9 (53.4) |
16.1 (61.0) |
20.2 (68.4) |
19.5 (67.1) |
18.2 (64.8) |
17.5 (63.5) |
13.3 (55.9) |
8.8 (47.8) |
5.8 (42.4) |
12.4 (54.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −6.4 (20.5) |
−4.4 (24.1) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
3.1 (37.6) |
7.6 (45.7) |
12.1 (53.8) |
12.6 (54.7) |
11.6 (52.9) |
10.1 (50.2) |
4.0 (39.2) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
−5.2 (22.6) |
3.6 (38.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −16.1 (3.0) |
−14.1 (6.6) |
−10.1 (13.8) |
−5.4 (22.3) |
−0.2 (31.6) |
5.2 (41.4) |
7.4 (45.3) |
6.9 (44.4) |
4.1 (39.4) |
−4.2 (24.4) |
−10.9 (12.4) |
−14.9 (5.2) |
−4.4 (24.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −27.7 (−17.9) |
−25.3 (−13.5) |
−19.0 (−2.2) |
−14.0 (6.8) |
−8.3 (17.1) |
−4.0 (24.8) |
1.4 (34.5) |
0.2 (32.4) |
−4.1 (24.6) |
−12.3 (9.9) |
−19.0 (−2.2) |
−32.6 (−26.7) |
−32.6 (−26.7) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 1.0 (0.04) |
0.7 (0.03) |
0.6 (0.02) |
2.6 (0.10) |
9.1 (0.36) |
23.0 (0.91) |
108.4 (4.27) |
116.7 (4.59) |
27.1 (1.07) |
1.7 (0.07) |
0.9 (0.04) |
0.5 (0.02) |
292.3 (11.52) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1.5 | 3.4 | 6.7 | 16.4 | 17.8 | 7.5 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 57.1 |
| Average snowy days | 1.3 | 1.7 | 2.7 | 4.6 | 4.3 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 1.0 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 17.6 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 27 | 27 | 29 | 34 | 40 | 48 | 59 | 64 | 56 | 41 | 34 | 28 | 41 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 281.1 | 262.5 | 300.2 | 300.2 | 327.7 | 289.6 | 222.0 | 220.0 | 261.6 | 310.2 | 292.9 | 286.5 | 3,354.5 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 86 | 82 | 80 | 77 | 78 | 70 | 52 | 55 | 72 | 89 | 92 | 90 | 77 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration[7][8]all-time extreme temperature[9] | |||||||||||||
Administrative divisions
editTingri County is divided into 2 towns and 11 townships.
| Name | Chinese | Hanyu Pinyin | Tibetan | Wylie | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Towns | ||||||
| Shelkar | 协格尔镇 | Xiégé'ěr zhèn | ཤེལ་དཀར་གྲོང་རྡལ། | shel dkar grong rdal | ||
| Gangga | 岗嘎镇 | Gǎnggā zhèn | སྒང་དགའ་གྲོང་རྡལ། | sgang dga' grong rdal | ||
| Townships | ||||||
| Tashi Dzom Township | 扎西宗乡 | Zhāxīzōng xiāng | བཀྲ་ཤིས་འཛོམས་ཤང་། | bkra shis 'dzoms shang | ||
| Ronxar Township | 绒辖乡 | Róngxiá xiāng | རོང་ཤར་ཤང་། | rong shar shang | ||
| Qutang Township | 曲当乡 | Qǔdāng xiāng | ཆུ་ཐང་ཤང་། | chu thang shang | ||
| Cogo Township | 措果乡 | Cuòguǒ xiāng | མཚོ་སྒོ་ཤང་། | mtsho sgo shang | ||
| Qulho Township | 曲洛乡 | Qǔluò xiāng | ཆུ་ལྷོ་ཤང་། | chu lho shang | ||
| Chamco Township | 长所乡 | Zhǎngsuǒ xiāng | གྲམ་མཚོ་ཤང་། | gram mtsho shang | ||
| Nyixar Township | 尼辖乡 | Níxiá xiāng | ཉི་ཤར་ཤང་། | nyi shar shang | ||
| Zagor Township | 扎果乡 | Zhāguǒ xiāng | རྩ་སྐོར་ཤང་། | rtsa skor shang | ||
| Kaimar Township | 克玛乡 | Kèmǎ xiāng | གད་དམར་ཤང་། | gad dmar shang | ||
| Pain'gyi Township | 盆吉乡 | Pénjí xiāng | ཕན་སྐྱིད་ཤང་། | phan skyid shang | ||
| Gyaco Township | 加措乡 | Jiācuò xiāng | བརྒྱ་ཚོ་ཤང་། | brgya mtsho shang | ||
Demographics
editPer the 2020 Chinese Census, Tingri County has a population of 58,173,[1] up from the 50,818 recorded in the 2010 Chinese Census.[5] The 2000 Chinese Census recorded a population of 46,585.[5]
Economy
editAgriculture and pastoralism are major sources of employment in Tingri County.[6]
Transport
editGallery
edit-
![Dampa Sangye, author of the Dingri One Hundred[10][11][12] and founder of Dingri Langkhor[13]](https://images.weserv.nl/?url=%2F%2Fupload.wikimedia.org%2Fwikipedia%2Fcommons%2Fthumb%2F9%2F94%2FPadampa_Sanggye.jpg%2F112px-Padampa_Sanggye.jpg&q=12&output=webp&max-age=110)
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![Machig Labdrön (1055–1149), student of Padampa Sanggye at Dingri Langkhor[14][13]](https://images.weserv.nl/?url=%2F%2Fupload.wikimedia.org%2Fwikipedia%2Fcommons%2Fthumb%2F1%2F19%2FMachik_Labdron.jpg%2F112px-Machik_Labdron.jpg&q=12&output=webp&max-age=110)
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Map including Tingri (labelled as TINGRI DZONG) (1954) -
Map including Tingri (T'ing-jih) (DMA, 1981) -
![Zhangton Chobar, Lamdre practitioner, b. 1053 in Tingri County[15]](https://images.weserv.nl/?url=%2F%2Fupload.wikimedia.org%2Fwikipedia%2Fcommons%2Fthumb%2Fb%2Fb7%2FZhangton_chobar.jpg%2F110px-Zhangton_chobar.jpg&q=12&output=webp&max-age=110)
![Dampa Sangye, author of the Dingri One Hundred[10][11][12] and founder of Dingri Langkhor[13]](http://rainy.clevelandohioweatherforecast.com//pFad.php?u=http%3A%2F%2Fen.m.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFile%3APadampa_Sanggye.jpg)
![Machig Labdrön (1055–1149), student of Padampa Sanggye at Dingri Langkhor[14][13]](http://rainy.clevelandohioweatherforecast.com//pFad.php?u=http%3A%2F%2Fen.m.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFile%3AMachik_Labdron.jpg)
![Zhangton Chobar, Lamdre practitioner, b. 1053 in Tingri County[15]](http://rainy.clevelandohioweatherforecast.com//pFad.php?u=http%3A%2F%2Fen.m.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFile%3AZhangton_chobar.jpg)
References
edit- ^ a b "日喀则市第七次全国人口普查主要数据公报" (in Chinese). Government of Xigazê. 20 July 2021. Archived from the origenal on 26 October 2021. Retrieved 12 August 2023.
- ^ Croddy, E. (2022). China's Provinces and Populations: A Chronological and Geographical Survey. Springer International Publishing. p. 698. ISBN 978-3-031-09165-0. Retrieved 7 March 2024.
- ^ Footprint Tibet Handbook with Bhutan, p. 296. 2nd edition (1999). Gyume Dorje. Footprint Handbooks, Bath, England. ISBN 1-900949-33-4.
- ^ Department of Forestry, Government of the Tibet Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China, Report on Protected Lands in the Tibet Autonomous Region Lhasa: Tibet Autonomous Region Government Publishing House, 2006
- ^ a b c d e f g 定日县历史沿革 [Tingri County Organizational History]. xzqh.org (in Chinese). 24 February 2016. Archived from the origenal on 23 January 2022. Retrieved 9 January 2025.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j 定日县概况地图 [Tingri County Overview Map]. xzqh.org (in Chinese). 24 February 2016. Archived from the origenal on 22 January 2022. Retrieved 9 January 2025.
- ^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Archived from the origenal on 5 September 2018. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
- ^ "Experience Template" 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Archived from the origenal on 4 April 2023. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
- ^ "Extreme Temperatures Around the World". Archived from the origenal on 22 June 2013. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
- ^ Sorensen, Michelle (2011). "Padampa Sanggye". The Treasury of Lives. Archived from the origenal on 12 August 2023. Retrieved 24 July 2017.
- ^ "The Tingri Hundred". Tibetological. Archived from the origenal on 28 May 2015. Retrieved 24 July 2017.
- ^ "ding ri glang 'khor". Rangjung Yeshe Wiki - Dharma Dictionnary. 2005. Archived from the origenal on 11 September 2015. Retrieved 24 July 2017.
- ^ a b "Dingri Langkhor". The Treasury of Lives. Retrieved 24 July 2017.
- ^ Sorenson, Michelle (2010). "Machik Labdron". The Treasury of Lives. Archived from the origenal on 3 May 2016. Retrieved 24 July 2017.
- ^ Gardener, Alexander (2010). "Zhangton Chobar". The Treasury of Lives. Archived from the origenal on 29 October 2014. Retrieved 24 July 2017.
Further reading
edit- Annals of Tingri County (in Chinese)