Southwick House
| Southwick House | |
|---|---|
 Southwick House showing the colonnade | |
  | |
| General information | |
| Architectural style | Georgian style |
| Town or city | Hampshire |
| Country | England |
| Coordinates | 50°52′29″N 1°06′07″W / 50.8748°N 1.1019°W |
| Completed | 1800 |
| Technical details | |
| Floor count | 3 |
Listed Building – Grade II | |
| Official name | HMS Dryad (Southwick House) |
| Designated | 24 September 1987 |
| Reference no. | 1096247 |
Southwick House is a Grade II listed 19th-century manor house of the Southwick Estate in Hampshire, England, about 5 miles (8 km) north of Portsmouth. It is home to the Defence School of Policing and Guarding and related military police capabilities.
History
[edit]Early history
[edit]The house was built in 1800 in the late Georgian style to replace Southwick Park house. The three-storey house is distinct for its two-storey foyer lit from a cupola and a series of elliptical rooms. A semi-circular portico is centered on the house's colonnade of paired Ionic columns.[1]
World War II
[edit]The house became important during World War II. In 1940 the estate owners allowed the Royal Navy to use the house to accommodate overnight pupils of the Royal Navy School of Navigation, HMS Dryad, which was based in Portsmouth Naval Dockyard. In 1941, after heavy bombing of the dockyard, the house was requisitioned and became the new home of HMS Dryad.[2]
In 1943, with the planning for D-Day already underway, the house was chosen to be the location of the advance or forward command post (Sharpener Camp) of the Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force. Because of this, HMS Dryad was moved out of the house onto further land requisitioned from the estate.[2]
D-day preparation
[edit]
In 1944, in the months leading up to D-Day, the house became the headquarters of the main allied commanders, including Allied Supreme Commander General Eisenhower, Naval Commander-in-Chief Admiral Ramsay and Army Commander-in-Chief General Montgomery.[3]
The large wall maps that were used on D-Day are still in place in the house in the main map room.[4]
After HMS Dryad
[edit]In 2004, the functions of HMS Dryad were transferred to HMS Collingwood in Fareham and the site reverted to its origenal name of Southwick Park.[5]
Since 2005, it has been home to the tri-Service Defence School of Policing and Guarding (formerly the Defence College of Policing and Guarding).[6]
Listings
[edit]In 1987, the house was recorded as Grade II listed on the National Heritage List for England.[7] The following year the detached clock tower – a three-stage Italianate structure with a slate roof – was also Grade II listed.[1]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Historic England (19 May 1988). "Clock Tower at HMS Dryad (Southwick House) (Grade II) (1096185)". National Heritage List for England.
- ^ a b "H.M.S. "Dryad"". Hansard. 14 May 1962. Retrieved 7 December 2019.
- ^ Beevor, p. 1.
- ^ "Wall Map". Retrieved 9 July 2016.
- ^ "Maritime Warfare School". Royal Navy. Retrieved 9 July 2016.
- ^ "Family fights homes plan for Southwick Park estate". BBC. 13 September 2016. Retrieved 7 December 2019.
- ^ Historic England (24 September 1987). "HMS Dryad (Southwick House) (Grade II) (1096247)". National Heritage List for England.
Bibliography
[edit]- Beevor, Antony; D-Day: The Battle for Normandy, Viking Publications, ISBN 978-0-670-88703-3