Andres Freund <andres(at)anarazel(dot)de> writes:
> On 2023-09-06 18:01:53 -0400, Tom Lane wrote:
>> It turns out that this patch is what's making buildfarm member
>> chipmunk fail in contrib/pg_visibility [1]. That's easily reproduced
>> by running the test with shared_buffers = 10MB. I didn't dig further
>> than the "git bisect" result:

> At first I was a bit confounded by not being able to reproduce this. My test
> environment had max_connections=110 for some other reason - and the problem
> doesn't reproduce with that setting...

I just did a git bisect run to discover when the failure documented
in bug #18130 [1] started. And the answer is commit 82a4edabd.
Now, it's pretty obvious that that commit didn't in itself cause
problems like this:

postgres=# \copy test from 'bug18130.csv' csv
ERROR: could not read block 5 in file "base/5/17005": read only 0 of 8192 bytes
CONTEXT: COPY test, line 472: "0,185647715,222655,489637,2,2023-07-31,9100.0000000,302110385,2023-07-30 14:16:36.750981+00,14026347..."

IMO there must be some very nasty bug lurking in the new
multiple-block extension logic, that happens to be exposed by this
test case with 82a4edabd's adjustments to the when-to-extend choices
but wasn't before that.

To save other people the trouble of extracting the in-line data
in the bug submission, I've attached the test files I was using.
The DDL is simplified slightly from what was submitted. I'm not
entirely sure why a no-op trigger is needed to provoke the bug...

regards, tom lane

[1] https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/18130-7a86a7356a75209d%40postgresql.org