Opera

An opera usa nga porma hin arte kun diin an mga magkaranta ngan musikero nagbubuhat hin usa ka drama nga kinakanta.

Mga reperensya

Pinanbasaran

Panguna nga pagkukuhaan

• Apel, Willi, ed. (1969). Harvard Dictionary of Music, Second Edition. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. SBN 674375017.
• Cooke, Mervyn (2005). The Cambridge Companion to Twentieth-Century Opera. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-78009-8. See also Google Books partial preview. Accessed 3 Oktubre 2009.
• Silke Leopold, "The Idea of National Opera, c. 1800", United and Diversity in European Culture c. 1800, ed. Tim Blanning and Hagen Schulze (New York: Oxford University Press, 2006), 19–34.
• The New Grove Dictionary of Opera, edited by Stanley Sadie (1992), 5,448 pages, is the best, and by far the largest, general reference in the English language. ISBN 0-333-73432-7 and ISBN 1-56159-228-5
• The Viking Opera Guide, edited by Amanda Holden (1994), 1,328 pages, ISBN 0-670-81292-7
• The Oxford Illustrated History of Opera, ed. Roger Parker (1994)
• The Oxford Dictionary of Opera, by John Warrack and Ewan West (1992), 782 pages, ISBN 0-19-869164-5
• Opera, the Rough Guide, by Matthew Boyden et al. (1997), 672 pages, ISBN 1-85828-138-5
• Opera: A Concise History, by Leslie Orrey and Rodney Milnes, World of Art, Thames & Hudson

Iba nga pagkukuhaan

• DiGaetani, John Louis: An Invitation to the Opera, Anchor Books, 1986/91. ISBN 0-385-26339-2.
• Dorschel, Andreas, 'The Paradox of Opera', The Cambridge Quarterly 30 (2001), no. 4, pp. 283–306. ISSN (printed): 0008-199X. ISSN (electronic): 1471-6836. Discusses the aesthetics of opera.
• MacMurray, Jessica M. and Allison Brewster Franzetti: The Book of 101 Opera Librettos: Complete Original Language Texts with English Translations, Black Dog & Leventhal Publishers, 1996. ISBN 978-1-884822-79-7
• Rous, Samuel Holland (1919). The Victrola Book of the Opera. Stories of The Operas with Illustrations.... Camden, New Jersey, U. S. A.: Victor Talking Machine Company. View at Internet Archive.
• Simon, Henry W.: A Treasury of Grand Opera, Simon and Schuster, New York, 1946.

Bibliograpiya

• Howard Mayer Brown, "Opera", The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musician. 2001. Oxford University Press
• "Louis II", Encyclopædia Britannica. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/348741/Louis-II
• "Opera", Encyclopædia Britannica. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/429776/opera

Padugang nga barasahon

• Grout, Donald Jay (1947). A Short History of Opera. New York: Columbia University Press. https://archive.org/details/shorthistoryofop0001dona. 

Mga sumpay ha gawas

• Operabase – Comprehensive opera performances database
• StageAgent – synopses & character descriptions for most major operas
• What's it about? – Opera plot summaries Ginhipos 2009-04-09 han Wayback Machine
• Vocabulaire de l'Opéra Ginhipos 2009-02-28 han Wayback Machine (Frinanses)
• OperaGlass, a resource at Stanford University
• HistoricOpera – historic operatic images
• "America's Opera Boom" Ginhipos 2007-08-24 han Wayback Machine By Jonathan Leaf, The American, July/August 2007 Issue
• Opera~Opera article archives Ginhipos 2009-10-28 han Wayback Machine
• "A History of Opera". Theatre and Performance. Victoria and Albert Museum. Ginkuhà 15 Pebrero 2011.