pFad - Phone/Frame/Anonymizer/Declutterfier! Saves Data!


--- a PPN by Garber Painting Akron. With Image Size Reduction included!

URL: https://pl.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wyszehrad

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Wikipedia

Wyszehrad

miasto na Węgrzech
Ten artykuł dotyczy miasta na Węgrzech. Zobacz też: Wyszehrad – wzgórze w Pradze.

Wyszehrad[1], także Wyszegrad (węg. Visegrád, cz. oraz słow. Vyšehrad, niem. Plintenburg) – historyczne miasto w północnych Węgrzech, 35 km na północ od Budapesztu, w Zakolu Dunaju (naprzeciwko miasta Nagymaros). Powierzchnia – 33,27 km²; ludność 1859 mieszkańców (styczeń 2011). Późnośredniowieczna stolica Królestwa Węgier.

Wyszehrad
Visegrád
Ilustracja
Cytadela Wyszehradu
Herb Flaga
Herb Flaga
Państwo

 Węgry

Komitat

Pest

Powiat

Szentendre

Burmistrz

Félegyházi András

Powierzchnia

33,27 km²

Populacja (I 2011)
• liczba ludności
• gęstość


1859
55,88 os./km²

Nr kierunkowy

(+36)26

Kod pocztowy

2025

Położenie na mapie Węgier
Mapa konturowa Węgier, blisko centrum u góry znajduje się punkt z opisem „Wyszehrad”
Ziemia47°47′09″N 18°58′13″E/47,785833 18,970278
Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons
Hasło w Wikisłowniku
Informacje w Wikipodróżach
Strona internetowa

Historia

edytuj

W czasach imperium rzymskiego na skale górującej nad dzisiejszym Wyszehradem Rzymianie zbudowali pograniczną fortecę. Później w tym miejscu istniał słowiański gród (słowiańska nazwa miasta – „zamek na wzgórzu”), w IX wieku opanowany przez Węgrów. Następne wiadomości o Wyszehradzie pochodzą z roku 1009, gdy miasto było wzmiankowane jako siedziba żupy i archidiakonii. W połowie XIII wieku, po najazdach mongolskich, król Węgier Bela IV zbudował w Wyszehradzie cytadelę.

 
Wyszehrad w XV w.

W roku 1323 miasto obrał sobie za siedzibę król Węgier Karol Robert, który wzniósł w mieście zamek, stanowiący od tej pory rezydencję kolejnych królów Węgier. W 1326 urodził się tu król Węgier i Polski Ludwik Węgierski, a w 1330 miał tu miejsce nieudany zamach Felicjana Zacha na węgierską rodzinę królewską. W XIV w. w Wyszehradzie zmarli królowie Węgier Karol Robert i Karol II Mały. Za panowania króla Zygmunta Luksemburskiego stolicę przeniesiono do Budy, ale król Maciej Korwin znów rezydował w Wyszehradzie i przebudował pałac Karola Roberta w stylu renesansu. Rolę stolicy Wyszehrad utracił dopiero po najeździe tureckim, kiedy to zamek wraz z miasteczkiem u jego stóp zostały zniszczone – po dwukrotnym oblężeniu w latach 1529 i 1543. Miasto odrodziło się w XVII wieku, ale prawa miejskie odzyskało dopiero współcześnie, w roku 2000.

Za czasów stołecznych, w roku 1335 i w 1338, Wyszehrad był miejscem zjazdów wyszehradzkich – spotkań królów Węgier, Czech i Polski. Tę tradycję współpracy w Europie Środkowej kontynuuje tzw. Grupa Wyszehradzka – prezydenci Węgier, Czech, Słowacji i Polski spotykający się w Wyszehradzie co roku począwszy od 1991.

Turystyka

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Turystycznymi atrakcjami Wyszehradu są ruiny królewskiego pałacu, stanowiące przebogate stanowisko archeologiczne (od 1935) oraz cytadela, a przede wszystkim panorama doliny Dunaju z pobliskich wzgórz. Wybrane zabytki i pomniki:

Zobacz też

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Przypisy

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  1. ↑ Zmiany wprowadzone na 78. posiedzeniu Komisji Standaryzacji Nazw Geograficznych poza granicami Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej [online], 27 marca 2013 [zarchiwizowane z adresu 2013-10-07].

Bibliografia

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Źródło: „https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wyszehrad&oldid=73564302”
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