diff --git a/doc/api/api_changes/2017-12-06-imports-AL.rst b/doc/api/api_changes/2017-12-06-imports-AL.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..64f472c48b6f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/api/api_changes/2017-12-06-imports-AL.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+Removal of unused imports
+`````````````````````````
+Many unused imports were removed from the codebase.  As a result,
+trying to import certain classes or functions from the "wrong" module
+(e.g. `~.Figure` from :mod:`matplotlib.backends.backend_agg` instead of
+:mod:`matplotlib.figure`) will now raise an `ImportError`.
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/afm.py b/lib/matplotlib/afm.py
index 49a85c20af5e..5a2cffbfbb7b 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/afm.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/afm.py
@@ -41,7 +41,6 @@
 from six.moves import map
 
 import sys
-import os
 import re
 from ._mathtext_data import uni2type1
 
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/animation.py b/lib/matplotlib/animation.py
index 30bfd37ea4fc..9d4bb794cee1 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/animation.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/animation.py
@@ -23,33 +23,31 @@
 import six
 from six.moves import xrange, zip
 
-import numpy as np
+import abc
+import contextlib
+import itertools
+import logging
 import os
 import platform
 import sys
-import itertools
-try:
-    # python3
-    from base64 import encodebytes
-except ImportError:
-    # python2
-    from base64 import encodestring as encodebytes
-import abc
-import contextlib
 import tempfile
 import uuid
-import warnings
-import logging
+
+import numpy as np
 
 from matplotlib._animation_data import (DISPLAY_TEMPLATE, INCLUDED_FRAMES,
                                         JS_INCLUDE)
 from matplotlib.cbook import iterable, deprecated
 from matplotlib.compat import subprocess
 from matplotlib import rcParams, rcParamsDefault, rc_context
-if sys.version_info < (3, 0):
-    from cStringIO import StringIO as InMemory
+
+if six.PY2:
+    from base64 import encodestring as encodebytes
+    from cStringIO import StringIO as BytesIO
 else:
-    from io import BytesIO as InMemory
+    from base64 import encodebytes
+    from io import BytesIO
+
 
 _log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -875,7 +873,7 @@ def grab_frame(self, **savefig_kwargs):
             if self._hit_limit:
                 return
             suffix = '.' + self.frame_format
-            f = InMemory()
+            f = BytesIO()
             self.fig.savefig(f, format=self.frame_format,
                              dpi=self.dpi, **savefig_kwargs)
             imgdata64 = encodebytes(f.getvalue()).decode('ascii')
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/axes/_subplots.py b/lib/matplotlib/axes/_subplots.py
index 90d55d21cc4c..10979bfd2c2f 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/axes/_subplots.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/axes/_subplots.py
@@ -9,9 +9,6 @@
 import matplotlib.artist as martist
 from matplotlib.axes._axes import Axes
 
-import warnings
-from matplotlib.cbook import mplDeprecation
-
 
 class SubplotBase(object):
     """
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/backend_bases.py b/lib/matplotlib/backend_bases.py
index 2c40fdafbc86..5fcb52805ea1 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/backend_bases.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/backend_bases.py
@@ -49,23 +49,13 @@
 from weakref import WeakKeyDictionary
 
 import numpy as np
-import matplotlib.cbook as cbook
-import matplotlib.colors as colors
-import matplotlib.transforms as transforms
-import matplotlib.widgets as widgets
-from matplotlib import rcParams
-from matplotlib import is_interactive
-from matplotlib import get_backend
-from matplotlib import lines
-from matplotlib._pylab_helpers import Gcf
 
+from matplotlib import (
+    backend_tools as tools, cbook, colors, textpath, tight_bbox, transforms,
+    widgets, get_backend, is_interactive, rcParams)
+from matplotlib._pylab_helpers import Gcf
 from matplotlib.transforms import Bbox, TransformedBbox, Affine2D
-
-import matplotlib.tight_bbox as tight_bbox
-import matplotlib.textpath as textpath
 from matplotlib.path import Path
-from matplotlib.cbook import warn_deprecated
-import matplotlib.backend_tools as tools
 
 try:
     from PIL import Image
@@ -2384,7 +2374,7 @@ def on_press(event):
 
         """
         if s == 'idle_event':
-            warn_deprecated(1.5,
+            cbook.warn_deprecated(1.5,
                 "idle_event is only implemented for the wx backend, and will "
                 "be removed in matplotlib 2.1. Use the animations module "
                 "instead.")
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_agg.py b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_agg.py
index 50a2c9d9a4d3..a740336f80c7 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_agg.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_agg.py
@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@
 from matplotlib import cbook, rcParams, __version__
 from matplotlib.backend_bases import (
     _Backend, FigureCanvasBase, FigureManagerBase, RendererBase, cursors)
-from matplotlib.figure import Figure
 from matplotlib.font_manager import findfont, get_font
 from matplotlib.ft2font import (LOAD_FORCE_AUTOHINT, LOAD_NO_HINTING,
                                 LOAD_DEFAULT, LOAD_NO_AUTOHINT)
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_cairo.py b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_cairo.py
index 895a8dea72ed..3e8e977ab608 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_cairo.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_cairo.py
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@
 import six
 
 import gzip
-import os
 import sys
 import warnings
 
@@ -54,10 +53,9 @@
 from matplotlib.backend_bases import (
     _Backend, FigureCanvasBase, FigureManagerBase, GraphicsContextBase,
     RendererBase)
-from matplotlib.figure import Figure
 from matplotlib.mathtext import MathTextParser
 from matplotlib.path import Path
-from matplotlib.transforms import Bbox, Affine2D
+from matplotlib.transforms import Affine2D
 from matplotlib.font_manager import ttfFontProperty
 
 
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_gdk.py b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_gdk.py
index 0937eb780112..ced57a881a3b 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_gdk.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_gdk.py
@@ -3,9 +3,6 @@
 
 import six
 
-import math
-import os
-import sys
 import warnings
 
 import gobject
@@ -27,7 +24,6 @@
     _Backend, FigureCanvasBase, FigureManagerBase, GraphicsContextBase,
     RendererBase)
 from matplotlib.cbook import warn_deprecated
-from matplotlib.figure import Figure
 from matplotlib.mathtext import MathTextParser
 from matplotlib.transforms import Affine2D
 from matplotlib.backends._backend_gdk import pixbuf_get_pixels_array
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_gtk3.py b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_gtk3.py
index 606b01977cdd..070056c090e1 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_gtk3.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_gtk3.py
@@ -8,15 +8,12 @@
 import sys
 
 import matplotlib
-from matplotlib import (
-    backend_tools, cbook, colors as mcolors, lines, rcParams)
+from matplotlib import backend_tools, rcParams
 from matplotlib._pylab_helpers import Gcf
 from matplotlib.backend_bases import (
-    _Backend, FigureCanvasBase, FigureManagerBase, GraphicsContextBase,
-    NavigationToolbar2, RendererBase, StatusbarBase, TimerBase,
-    ToolContainerBase, cursors)
+    _Backend, FigureCanvasBase, FigureManagerBase, NavigationToolbar2,
+    StatusbarBase, TimerBase, ToolContainerBase, cursors)
 from matplotlib.backend_managers import ToolManager
-from matplotlib.cbook import is_writable_file_like
 from matplotlib.figure import Figure
 from matplotlib.widgets import SubplotTool
 from ._gtk3_compat import GLib, GObject, Gtk, Gdk
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_gtk3agg.py b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_gtk3agg.py
index 5d175ec7eccc..53c625b8a50f 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_gtk3agg.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_gtk3agg.py
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
 from . import backend_agg, backend_gtk3
 from .backend_cairo import cairo, HAS_CAIRO_CFFI
 from .backend_gtk3 import _BackendGTK3
-from matplotlib.figure import Figure
 from matplotlib import transforms
 
 if six.PY3 and not HAS_CAIRO_CFFI:
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_gtk3cairo.py b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_gtk3cairo.py
index f27d38ecdb26..b0e4127605e2 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_gtk3cairo.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_gtk3cairo.py
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@
 from .backend_cairo import cairo, HAS_CAIRO_CFFI
 from .backend_gtk3 import _BackendGTK3
 from matplotlib.backend_bases import cursors
-from matplotlib.figure import Figure
 
 
 class RendererGTK3Cairo(backend_cairo.RendererCairo):
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_gtkagg.py b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_gtkagg.py
index 1de53c84f382..f513bf70bb19 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_gtkagg.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_gtkagg.py
@@ -6,10 +6,7 @@
 
 import six
 
-import os
-
 import matplotlib
-from matplotlib.figure import Figure
 from matplotlib.backends.backend_agg import FigureCanvasAgg
 from matplotlib.backends.backend_gtk import (
     gtk, _BackendGTK, FigureCanvasGTK, FigureManagerGTK, NavigationToolbar2GTK,
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_macosx.py b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_macosx.py
index de403f79ce76..20ec3a909b3d 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_macosx.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_macosx.py
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 import matplotlib
 from matplotlib.backends import _macosx
 
-from .backend_agg import RendererAgg, FigureCanvasAgg
+from .backend_agg import FigureCanvasAgg
 
 
 ########################################################################
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_nbagg.py b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_nbagg.py
index 408a6284e130..12c1064d1dec 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_nbagg.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_nbagg.py
@@ -3,15 +3,13 @@
 # lib/matplotlib/backends/web_backend/nbagg_uat.ipynb to help verify
 # that changes made maintain expected behaviour.
 
-import datetime
+import six
+
 from base64 import b64encode
-import json
 import io
+import json
 import os
-import six
-from uuid import uuid4 as uuid
-
-import tornado.ioloop
+import uuid
 
 from IPython.display import display, Javascript, HTML
 try:
@@ -23,19 +21,11 @@
 
 from matplotlib import rcParams, is_interactive
 from matplotlib._pylab_helpers import Gcf
+from matplotlib.backend_bases import (
+    _Backend, FigureCanvasBase, NavigationToolbar2)
 from matplotlib.backends.backend_webagg_core import (
     FigureCanvasWebAggCore, FigureManagerWebAgg, NavigationToolbar2WebAgg,
     TimerTornado)
-from matplotlib.backend_bases import (
-    _Backend, FigureCanvasBase, NavigationToolbar2)
-from matplotlib.figure import Figure
-from matplotlib import is_interactive
-from matplotlib.backends.backend_webagg_core import (FigureManagerWebAgg,
-                                                     FigureCanvasWebAggCore,
-                                                     NavigationToolbar2WebAgg,
-                                                     TimerTornado)
-from matplotlib.backend_bases import (ShowBase, NavigationToolbar2,
-                                      FigureCanvasBase)
 
 
 def connection_info():
@@ -174,7 +164,7 @@ class CommSocket(object):
     def __init__(self, manager):
         self.supports_binary = None
         self.manager = manager
-        self.uuid = str(uuid())
+        self.uuid = str(uuid.uuid4())
         # Publish an output area with a unique ID. The javascript can then
         # hook into this area.
         display(HTML("<div id=%r></div>" % self.uuid))
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_pdf.py b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_pdf.py
index f84b3d539afd..f9783943da4c 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_pdf.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_pdf.py
@@ -8,28 +8,25 @@
                         unicode_literals)
 
 import six
+from six import unichr
 
 import codecs
+import collections
+from datetime import datetime
+from functools import total_ordering
+from io import BytesIO
+import logging
+from math import ceil, cos, floor, pi, sin
 import os
 import re
 import struct
 import sys
 import time
 import warnings
-import logging
 import zlib
-import collections
-from io import BytesIO
-from functools import total_ordering
 
 import numpy as np
-from six import unichr
-
-
-from datetime import datetime, tzinfo, timedelta
-from math import ceil, cos, floor, pi, sin
 
-import matplotlib
 from matplotlib import __version__, rcParams
 from matplotlib._pylab_helpers import Gcf
 from matplotlib.backend_bases import (
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_pgf.py b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_pgf.py
index e75c08f8bd74..6e3c6914b738 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_pgf.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_pgf.py
@@ -3,32 +3,28 @@
 
 import six
 
+import atexit
+import codecs
+import errno
 import math
 import os
-import sys
-import errno
 import re
 import shutil
+import sys
 import tempfile
-import codecs
-import atexit
-import weakref
 import warnings
-
-import numpy as np
+import weakref
 
 import matplotlib as mpl
+from matplotlib import _png, rcParams
 from matplotlib.backend_bases import (
     _Backend, FigureCanvasBase, FigureManagerBase, GraphicsContextBase,
     RendererBase)
 from matplotlib.backends.backend_mixed import MixedModeRenderer
-from matplotlib.figure import Figure
-from matplotlib.text import Text
-from matplotlib.path import Path
-from matplotlib import _png, rcParams
 from matplotlib.cbook import is_writable_file_like
 from matplotlib.compat import subprocess
 from matplotlib.compat.subprocess import check_output
+from matplotlib.path import Path
 
 
 ###############################################################################
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_ps.py b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_ps.py
index d160ea5cd6f8..a86b39abafd8 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_ps.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_ps.py
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@
 from matplotlib.cbook import (get_realpath_and_stat, is_writable_file_like,
                               maxdict, file_requires_unicode)
 from matplotlib.compat.subprocess import subprocess
-from matplotlib.figure import Figure
 
 from matplotlib.font_manager import findfont, is_opentype_cff_font, get_font
 from matplotlib.ft2font import KERNING_DEFAULT, LOAD_NO_HINTING
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_svg.py b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_svg.py
index bf09351655a0..1d4e12925bd5 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_svg.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_svg.py
@@ -7,32 +7,31 @@
 from six import unichr
 from six.moves import xrange
 
-import os, base64, tempfile, gzip, io, sys, codecs, re
-
-import numpy as np
+import base64
+import codecs
+import gzip
+import hashlib
+import io
 import logging
-
-from hashlib import md5
+import re
 import uuid
 
+import numpy as np
+
 from matplotlib import __version__, rcParams
 from matplotlib.backend_bases import (
-     _Backend, FigureCanvasBase, FigureManagerBase, GraphicsContextBase,
-    RendererBase)
+     _Backend, FigureCanvasBase, FigureManagerBase, RendererBase)
 from matplotlib.backends.backend_mixed import MixedModeRenderer
 from matplotlib.cbook import is_writable_file_like
 from matplotlib.colors import rgb2hex
-from matplotlib.figure import Figure
-from matplotlib.font_manager import findfont, FontProperties, get_font
-from matplotlib.ft2font import KERNING_DEFAULT, LOAD_NO_HINTING
+from matplotlib.font_manager import findfont, get_font
+from matplotlib.ft2font import LOAD_NO_HINTING
 from matplotlib.mathtext import MathTextParser
 from matplotlib.path import Path
 from matplotlib import _path
 from matplotlib.transforms import Affine2D, Affine2DBase
 from matplotlib import _png
 
-from xml.sax.saxutils import escape as escape_xml_text
-
 _log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 backend_version = __version__
@@ -325,7 +324,7 @@ def _make_id(self, type, content):
         if six.PY3:
             content = content.encode('utf8')
             salt = salt.encode('utf8')
-        m = md5()
+        m = hashlib.md5()
         m.update(salt)
         m.update(content)
         return '%s%s' % (type, m.hexdigest()[:10])
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_template.py b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_template.py
index 771b0be045de..c4c9482f52be 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_template.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_template.py
@@ -67,12 +67,10 @@
 
 import six
 
-import matplotlib
 from matplotlib._pylab_helpers import Gcf
-from matplotlib.backend_bases import RendererBase, GraphicsContextBase,\
-     FigureManagerBase, FigureCanvasBase
+from matplotlib.backend_bases import (
+     FigureCanvasBase, FigureManagerBase, GraphicsContextBase, RendererBase)
 from matplotlib.figure import Figure
-from matplotlib.transforms import Bbox
 
 
 class RendererTemplate(RendererBase):
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_tkagg.py b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_tkagg.py
index bf53a1bc222a..fc2f4291be6a 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_tkagg.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_tkagg.py
@@ -4,11 +4,10 @@
 
 import six
 from six.moves import tkinter as Tk
-from six.moves import tkinter_filedialog as FileDialog
 
-import os, sys, math
-import os.path
 import logging
+import os.path
+import sys
 
 # Paint image to Tk photo blitter extension
 import matplotlib.backends.tkagg as tkagg
@@ -17,24 +16,18 @@
 import matplotlib.backends.windowing as windowing
 
 import matplotlib
+from matplotlib import backend_tools, rcParams
 from matplotlib.backend_bases import (
-    _Backend, FigureCanvasBase, FigureManagerBase, GraphicsContextBase,
-    NavigationToolbar2, RendererBase, StatusbarBase, TimerBase,
-    ToolContainerBase, cursors)
+    _Backend, FigureCanvasBase, FigureManagerBase, NavigationToolbar2,
+    StatusbarBase, TimerBase, ToolContainerBase, cursors)
 from matplotlib.backend_managers import ToolManager
-from matplotlib import backend_tools
 from matplotlib._pylab_helpers import Gcf
-
 from matplotlib.figure import Figure
-
 from matplotlib.widgets import SubplotTool
 
-import matplotlib.cbook as cbook
 
 _log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
-rcParams = matplotlib.rcParams
-
 backend_version = Tk.TkVersion
 
 # the true dots per inch on the screen; should be display dependent
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_webagg.py b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_webagg.py
index 007552d85040..c917a162ab19 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_webagg.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_webagg.py
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 
 import six
 
+from contextlib import contextmanager
 import errno
 import json
 import os
@@ -23,7 +24,6 @@
 import signal
 import socket
 import threading
-from contextlib import contextmanager
 
 try:
     import tornado
@@ -34,11 +34,8 @@
 import tornado.ioloop
 import tornado.websocket
 
-import matplotlib
 from matplotlib import rcParams
-from matplotlib import backend_bases
 from matplotlib.backend_bases import _Backend
-from matplotlib.figure import Figure
 from matplotlib._pylab_helpers import Gcf
 from . import backend_webagg_core as core
 from .backend_webagg_core import TimerTornado
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_webagg_core.py b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_webagg_core.py
index bbe491f37665..e75014b1e632 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_webagg_core.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_webagg_core.py
@@ -15,19 +15,17 @@
 
 import six
 
+import datetime
 import io
 import json
 import os
-import time
 import warnings
 
 import numpy as np
 import tornado
-import datetime
 
 from matplotlib.backends import backend_agg
 from matplotlib.backend_bases import _Backend
-from matplotlib.figure import Figure
 from matplotlib import backend_bases
 from matplotlib import _png
 
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_wx.py b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_wx.py
index 7be2117f483e..7d108f819b4a 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_wx.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_wx.py
@@ -25,8 +25,6 @@
 import weakref
 import warnings
 
-import numpy as np
-
 import matplotlib
 from matplotlib.backend_bases import (
     _Backend, FigureCanvasBase, FigureManagerBase, GraphicsContextBase,
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_wxagg.py b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_wxagg.py
index 368115e27646..8383f50cde89 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_wxagg.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/backends/backend_wxagg.py
@@ -3,17 +3,14 @@
 
 import six
 
-import matplotlib
-from matplotlib.figure import Figure
-
-from .backend_agg import FigureCanvasAgg
+import wx
 
+import matplotlib
 from . import wx_compat as wxc
 from . import backend_wx
-from .backend_wx import (_BackendWx, FigureManagerWx, FigureCanvasWx,
-    FigureFrameWx, DEBUG_MSG, NavigationToolbar2Wx, Toolbar)
-
-import wx
+from .backend_agg import FigureCanvasAgg
+from .backend_wx import (
+    _BackendWx, FigureCanvasWx, FigureFrameWx, NavigationToolbar2Wx, DEBUG_MSG)
 
 
 class FigureFrameWxAgg(FigureFrameWx):
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/backends/qt_editor/formsubplottool.py b/lib/matplotlib/backends/qt_editor/formsubplottool.py
index 4bce2824707f..4906af588a7a 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/backends/qt_editor/formsubplottool.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/backends/qt_editor/formsubplottool.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from matplotlib.backends.qt_compat import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
+from matplotlib.backends.qt_compat import QtWidgets
 
 
 class UiSubplotTool(QtWidgets.QDialog):
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/backends/tkagg.py b/lib/matplotlib/backends/tkagg.py
index 979bc3cc24fa..060f4726c060 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/backends/tkagg.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/backends/tkagg.py
@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@ def blit(photoimage, aggimage, bbox=None, colormode=1):
             raise
 
 def test(aggimage):
-    import time
     r = Tk.Tk()
     c = Tk.Canvas(r, width=aggimage.width, height=aggimage.height)
     c.pack()
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/cbook/__init__.py b/lib/matplotlib/cbook/__init__.py
index eb2bdfad4de7..18f8acc15e0d 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/cbook/__init__.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/cbook/__init__.py
@@ -29,26 +29,25 @@
 import types
 import warnings
 from weakref import ref, WeakKeyDictionary
-from .deprecation import deprecated, warn_deprecated
-from .deprecation import mplDeprecation, MatplotlibDeprecationWarning
 
 import numpy as np
 
+import matplotlib
+from .deprecation import deprecated, warn_deprecated
+from .deprecation import mplDeprecation, MatplotlibDeprecationWarning
 
-# On some systems, locale.getpreferredencoding returns None,
-# which can break unicode; and the sage project reports that
-# some systems have incorrect locale specifications, e.g.,
-# an encoding instead of a valid locale name.  Another
-# pathological case that has been reported is an empty string.
-
-# On some systems, getpreferredencoding sets the locale, which has
-# side effects.  Passing False eliminates those side effects.
 
 def unicode_safe(s):
-    import matplotlib
 
     if isinstance(s, bytes):
         try:
+            # On some systems, locale.getpreferredencoding returns None,
+            # which can break unicode; and the sage project reports that
+            # some systems have incorrect locale specifications, e.g.,
+            # an encoding instead of a valid locale name.  Another
+            # pathological case that has been reported is an empty string.
+            # On some systems, getpreferredencoding sets the locale, which has
+            # side effects.  Passing False eliminates those side effects.
             preferredencoding = locale.getpreferredencoding(
                 matplotlib.rcParams['axes.formatter.use_locale']).strip()
             if not preferredencoding:
@@ -644,8 +643,6 @@ def get_sample_data(fname, asfileobj=True):
 
     If the filename ends in .gz, the file is implicitly ungzipped.
     """
-    import matplotlib
-
     if matplotlib.rcParams['examples.directory']:
         root = matplotlib.rcParams['examples.directory']
     else:
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/cbook/deprecation.py b/lib/matplotlib/cbook/deprecation.py
index 851d53d69033..ca7ae333f272 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/cbook/deprecation.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/cbook/deprecation.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-import warnings
 import functools
+import textwrap
+import warnings
 
 
 class MatplotlibDeprecationWarning(UserWarning):
@@ -161,7 +162,6 @@ def the_function_to_deprecate():
 
     def deprecate(obj, message=message, name=name, alternative=alternative,
                   pending=pending, addendum=addendum):
-        import textwrap
 
         if not name:
             name = obj.__name__
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/cm.py b/lib/matplotlib/cm.py
index 03a121e49549..e26f31a3d585 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/cm.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/cm.py
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
 
 import six
 
-import os
 import numpy as np
 from numpy import ma
 import matplotlib as mpl
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/collections.py b/lib/matplotlib/collections.py
index 4e2aa1926bd9..4e15176e060a 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/collections.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/collections.py
@@ -23,17 +23,8 @@
 
 import numpy as np
 import matplotlib as mpl
-import matplotlib.cbook as cbook
-import matplotlib.colors as mcolors
-import matplotlib.cm as cm
-from matplotlib import docstring
-import matplotlib.transforms as transforms
-import matplotlib.artist as artist
-from matplotlib.artist import allow_rasterization
-import matplotlib.path as mpath
-from matplotlib import _path
-import matplotlib.mlab as mlab
-import matplotlib.lines as mlines
+from . import (_path, artist, cbook, cm, colors as mcolors, docstring,
+               lines as mlines, mlab, path as mpath, transforms)
 
 CIRCLE_AREA_FACTOR = 1.0 / np.sqrt(np.pi)
 
@@ -264,7 +255,7 @@ def _prepare_points(self):
 
         return transform, transOffset, offsets, paths
 
-    @allow_rasterization
+    @artist.allow_rasterization
     def draw(self, renderer):
         if not self.get_visible():
             return
@@ -917,7 +908,7 @@ def set_sizes(self, sizes, dpi=72.0):
             self._transforms[:, 2, 2] = 1.0
         self.stale = True
 
-    @allow_rasterization
+    @artist.allow_rasterization
     def draw(self, renderer):
         self.set_sizes(self._sizes, self.figure.dpi)
         Collection.draw(self, renderer)
@@ -1118,7 +1109,7 @@ def get_numsides(self):
     def get_rotation(self):
         return self._rotation
 
-    @allow_rasterization
+    @artist.allow_rasterization
     def draw(self, renderer):
         self.set_sizes(self._sizes, self.figure.dpi)
         self._transforms = [
@@ -1691,7 +1682,7 @@ def _set_transforms(self):
             m[:2, 2:] = 0
             self.set_transform(_affine(m))
 
-    @allow_rasterization
+    @artist.allow_rasterization
     def draw(self, renderer):
         self._set_transforms()
         Collection.draw(self, renderer)
@@ -1797,7 +1788,7 @@ def convert_mesh_to_paths(tri):
                                 tri.y[triangles][..., np.newaxis]), axis=2)
         return [Path(x) for x in verts]
 
-    @allow_rasterization
+    @artist.allow_rasterization
     def draw(self, renderer):
         if not self.get_visible():
             return
@@ -1949,7 +1940,7 @@ def convert_mesh_to_triangles(self, meshWidth, meshHeight, coordinates):
 
         return triangles, colors
 
-    @allow_rasterization
+    @artist.allow_rasterization
     def draw(self, renderer):
         if not self.get_visible():
             return
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/dviread.py b/lib/matplotlib/dviread.py
index 4bc254c79f3c..9553beaaedd8 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/dviread.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/dviread.py
@@ -23,20 +23,17 @@
 from six.moves import xrange
 
 from collections import namedtuple
-import errno
 from functools import partial, wraps
 import logging
 import numpy as np
+import os
 import re
 import struct
 import sys
 import textwrap
-import os
 
-import matplotlib
-import matplotlib.cbook as mpl_cbook
+from matplotlib import cbook, rcParams
 from matplotlib.compat import subprocess
-from matplotlib import rcParams
 
 try:
     from functools import lru_cache
@@ -65,7 +62,7 @@ def ord(x):
 #              just stops reading)
 #   finale:    the finale (unimplemented in our current implementation)
 
-_dvistate = mpl_cbook.Bunch(pre=0, outer=1, inpage=2, post_post=3, finale=4)
+_dvistate = cbook.Bunch(pre=0, outer=1, inpage=2, post_post=3, finale=4)
 
 # The marks on a page consist of text and boxes. A page also has dimensions.
 Page = namedtuple('Page', 'text boxes height width descent')
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/font_manager.py b/lib/matplotlib/font_manager.py
index 67d2a4f8bb1d..8290388a1dab 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/font_manager.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/font_manager.py
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@
 from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
 
 import six
-from six.moves import cPickle as pickle
 
 """
 KNOWN ISSUES
@@ -53,7 +52,6 @@
 import warnings
 import logging
 
-import matplotlib
 from matplotlib import afm, cbook, ft2font, rcParams, get_cachedir
 from matplotlib.compat import subprocess
 from matplotlib.fontconfig_pattern import (
@@ -1375,7 +1373,6 @@ def get_font(filename, hinting_factor=None):
 
 # The experimental fontconfig-based backend.
 if USE_FONTCONFIG and sys.platform != 'win32':
-    import re
 
     def fc_match(pattern, fontext):
         fontexts = get_fontext_synonyms(fontext)
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/fontconfig_pattern.py b/lib/matplotlib/fontconfig_pattern.py
index d7513eae48f3..d1eda70d8ef4 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/fontconfig_pattern.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/fontconfig_pattern.py
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@
 import six
 
 import re
-import sys
 from pyparsing import (Literal, ZeroOrMore, Optional, Regex, StringEnd,
                        ParseException, Suppress)
 
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/gridspec.py b/lib/matplotlib/gridspec.py
index cd9d6ebbf5e3..f9b7056ccc42 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/gridspec.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/gridspec.py
@@ -18,17 +18,15 @@
                         unicode_literals)
 
 import six
-from six.moves import zip
 
 import copy
 import warnings
 
-import matplotlib
+import numpy as np
+
 from matplotlib import rcParams
 import matplotlib.transforms as mtransforms
 
-import numpy as np
-
 
 class GridSpecBase(object):
     """
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/lines.py b/lib/matplotlib/lines.py
index 043b3a5b7cd0..326644652aca 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/lines.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/lines.py
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@
 
 # Imported here for backward compatibility, even though they don't
 # really belong.
-from numpy import ma
 from . import _path
 from .markers import (
     CARETLEFT, CARETRIGHT, CARETUP, CARETDOWN,
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/mathtext.py b/lib/matplotlib/mathtext.py
index e49865321fda..a1353235e529 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/mathtext.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/mathtext.py
@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@
                         unicode_literals)
 
 import six
-
-import os, sys
 from six import unichr
+
+import os
 from math import ceil
 import unicodedata
 from warnings import warn
@@ -30,29 +30,23 @@
 except ImportError:  # Py2
     from backports.functools_lru_cache import lru_cache
 
-from numpy import inf, isinf
 import numpy as np
 
-import pyparsing
-from pyparsing import (Combine, Group, Optional, Forward,
-     Literal, OneOrMore, ZeroOrMore, ParseException, Empty,
-     ParseResults, Suppress, oneOf, StringEnd, ParseFatalException,
-     FollowedBy, Regex, ParserElement, QuotedString, ParseBaseException)
+from pyparsing import (
+    Combine, Empty, FollowedBy, Forward, Group, Literal, oneOf, OneOrMore,
+    Optional, ParseBaseException, ParseFatalException, ParserElement,
+    QuotedString, Regex, StringEnd, Suppress, ZeroOrMore)
 
 ParserElement.enablePackrat()
 
+from matplotlib import _png, colors as mcolors, get_data_path, rcParams
 from matplotlib.afm import AFM
 from matplotlib.cbook import Bunch, get_realpath_and_stat
-from matplotlib.ft2font import (FT2Image, KERNING_DEFAULT, LOAD_FORCE_AUTOHINT,
-                                LOAD_NO_HINTING)
+from matplotlib.ft2font import FT2Image, KERNING_DEFAULT, LOAD_NO_HINTING
 from matplotlib.font_manager import findfont, FontProperties, get_font
 from matplotlib._mathtext_data import (latex_to_bakoma, latex_to_standard,
                                        tex2uni, latex_to_cmex,
                                        stix_virtual_fonts)
-from matplotlib import get_data_path, rcParams
-
-import matplotlib.colors as mcolors
-import matplotlib._png as _png
 
 ####################
 
@@ -1691,7 +1685,7 @@ def hpack(self, w=0., m='additional'):
                 d = max(d, p.depth)
             elif isinstance(p, Box):
                 x += p.width
-                if not isinf(p.height) and not isinf(p.depth):
+                if not np.isinf(p.height) and not np.isinf(p.depth):
                     s = getattr(p, 'shift_amount', 0.)
                     h = max(h, p.height - s)
                     d = max(d, p.depth + s)
@@ -1728,7 +1722,7 @@ def __init__(self, elements, h=0., m='additional'):
         List.__init__(self, elements)
         self.vpack()
 
-    def vpack(self, h=0., m='additional', l=float(inf)):
+    def vpack(self, h=0., m='additional', l=np.inf):
         """
         The main duty of :meth:`vpack` is to compute the dimensions of
         the resulting boxes, and to adjust the glue if one of those
@@ -1755,7 +1749,7 @@ def vpack(self, h=0., m='additional', l=float(inf)):
             if isinstance(p, Box):
                 x += d + p.height
                 d = p.depth
-                if not isinf(p.width):
+                if not np.isinf(p.width):
                     s = getattr(p, 'shift_amount', 0.)
                     w = max(w, p.width + s)
             elif isinstance(p, Glue):
@@ -1820,7 +1814,7 @@ def __init__(self, state, thickness=None):
             thickness = state.font_output.get_underline_thickness(
                 state.font, state.fontsize, state.dpi)
         height = depth = thickness * 0.5
-        Rule.__init__(self, inf, height, depth, state)
+        Rule.__init__(self, np.inf, height, depth, state)
 
 class Vrule(Rule):
     """
@@ -1829,7 +1823,7 @@ class Vrule(Rule):
     def __init__(self, state):
         thickness = state.font_output.get_underline_thickness(
             state.font, state.fontsize, state.dpi)
-        Rule.__init__(self, thickness, inf, inf, state)
+        Rule.__init__(self, thickness, np.inf, np.inf, state)
 
 class Glue(Node):
     """
@@ -2114,9 +2108,9 @@ def hlist_out(self, box):
                 rule_height = p.height
                 rule_depth  = p.depth
                 rule_width  = p.width
-                if isinf(rule_height):
+                if np.isinf(rule_height):
                     rule_height = box.height
-                if isinf(rule_depth):
+                if np.isinf(rule_depth):
                     rule_depth = box.depth
                 if rule_height > 0 and rule_width > 0:
                     self.cur_v = baseline + rule_depth
@@ -2174,7 +2168,7 @@ def vlist_out(self, box):
                 rule_height = p.height
                 rule_depth = p.depth
                 rule_width = p.width
-                if isinf(rule_width):
+                if np.isinf(rule_width):
                     rule_width = box.width
                 rule_height += rule_depth
                 if rule_height > 0 and rule_depth > 0:
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/patches.py b/lib/matplotlib/patches.py
index c6390a371c89..71210acd1f3e 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/patches.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/patches.py
@@ -5,27 +5,19 @@
 
 import six
 from six.moves import map, zip
-import warnings
 
 import math
+import warnings
 
-import matplotlib as mpl
 import numpy as np
-import matplotlib.cbook as cbook
-import matplotlib.artist as artist
-from matplotlib.artist import allow_rasterization
-import matplotlib.colors as colors
-from matplotlib import docstring
-import matplotlib.transforms as transforms
-from matplotlib.path import Path
-import matplotlib.lines as mlines
-
-from matplotlib.bezier import split_bezier_intersecting_with_closedpath
-from matplotlib.bezier import get_intersection, inside_circle, get_parallels
-from matplotlib.bezier import make_wedged_bezier2
-from matplotlib.bezier import split_path_inout, get_cos_sin
-from matplotlib.bezier import make_path_regular, concatenate_paths
 
+import matplotlib as mpl
+from . import artist, cbook, colors, docstring, lines as mlines, transforms
+from .bezier import (
+    concatenate_paths, get_cos_sin, get_intersection, get_parallels,
+    inside_circle, make_path_regular, make_wedged_bezier2,
+    split_bezier_intersecting_with_closedpath, split_path_inout)
+from .path import Path
 
 _patch_alias_map = {
         'antialiased': ['aa'],
@@ -490,7 +482,7 @@ def get_hatch(self):
         'Return the current hatching pattern'
         return self._hatch
 
-    @allow_rasterization
+    @artist.allow_rasterization
     def draw(self, renderer):
         'Draw the :class:`Patch` to the given *renderer*.'
         if not self.get_visible():
@@ -1579,7 +1571,7 @@ def __init__(self, xy, width, height, angle=0.0,
         self.theta1 = theta1
         self.theta2 = theta2
 
-    @allow_rasterization
+    @artist.allow_rasterization
     def draw(self, renderer):
         """
         Ellipses are normally drawn using an approximation that uses
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/projections/geo.py b/lib/matplotlib/projections/geo.py
index cb2c581fb5fe..27a6b1068fa0 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/projections/geo.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/projections/geo.py
@@ -3,20 +3,17 @@
 
 import six
 
-import math
-
 import numpy as np
-import numpy.ma as ma
 
 import matplotlib
-rcParams = matplotlib.rcParams
+from matplotlib import rcParams
 from matplotlib.axes import Axes
-from matplotlib import cbook
+import matplotlib.axis as maxis
 from matplotlib.patches import Circle
 from matplotlib.path import Path
 import matplotlib.spines as mspines
-import matplotlib.axis as maxis
-from matplotlib.ticker import Formatter, Locator, NullLocator, FixedLocator, NullFormatter
+from matplotlib.ticker import (
+    Formatter, NullLocator, FixedLocator, NullFormatter)
 from matplotlib.transforms import Affine2D, BboxTransformTo, Transform
 
 
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/projections/polar.py b/lib/matplotlib/projections/polar.py
index fe9f3e536171..532be710c58e 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/projections/polar.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/projections/polar.py
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@
 
 import numpy as np
 
-import matplotlib.artist as martist
 from matplotlib.axes import Axes
 import matplotlib.axis as maxis
 from matplotlib import cbook
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/pylab.py b/lib/matplotlib/pylab.py
index 9c13db58f69d..67bb7fa1f1c6 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/pylab.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/pylab.py
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@
 
 import six
 
-import sys, warnings
+import warnings
 
 from matplotlib.cbook import (
     flatten, exception_to_str, silent_list, iterable, dedent)
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/pyplot.py b/lib/matplotlib/pyplot.py
index 2fa3417f2241..6a17c3b7711b 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/pyplot.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/pyplot.py
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@
 
 import sys
 import time
-import types
 import warnings
 
 from cycler import cycler
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/quiver.py b/lib/matplotlib/quiver.py
index dd628f7e7a2f..2f5e8e6ab3ee 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/quiver.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/quiver.py
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@
                         unicode_literals)
 
 import six
+
+import math
 import weakref
 
 import numpy as np
@@ -29,10 +31,8 @@
 from matplotlib.artist import allow_rasterization
 from matplotlib import docstring
 import matplotlib.font_manager as font_manager
-import matplotlib.cbook as cbook
 from matplotlib.cbook import delete_masked_points
 from matplotlib.patches import CirclePolygon
-import math
 
 
 _quiver_doc = """
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/scale.py b/lib/matplotlib/scale.py
index 459c1c0326c5..1fb0b00edd53 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/scale.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/scale.py
@@ -6,13 +6,11 @@
 import numpy as np
 from numpy import ma
 
-from matplotlib.cbook import dedent
-from matplotlib.ticker import (NullFormatter, ScalarFormatter,
-                               LogFormatterSciNotation, LogitFormatter)
-from matplotlib.ticker import (NullLocator, LogLocator, AutoLocator,
-                               SymmetricalLogLocator, LogitLocator)
+from matplotlib import cbook, docstring
+from matplotlib.ticker import (
+    NullFormatter, ScalarFormatter, LogFormatterSciNotation, LogitFormatter,
+    NullLocator, LogLocator, AutoLocator, SymmetricalLogLocator, LogitLocator)
 from matplotlib.transforms import Transform, IdentityTransform
-from matplotlib import docstring
 
 
 class ScaleBase(object):
@@ -551,7 +549,7 @@ def scale_factory(scale, axis, **kwargs):
         raise ValueError("Unknown scale type '%s'" % scale)
 
     return _scale_mapping[scale](axis, **kwargs)
-scale_factory.__doc__ = dedent(scale_factory.__doc__) % \
+scale_factory.__doc__ = cbook.dedent(scale_factory.__doc__) % \
     {'names': " | ".join(get_scale_names())}
 
 
@@ -573,7 +571,7 @@ def get_scale_docs():
         scale_class = _scale_mapping[name]
         docs.append("    '%s'" % name)
         docs.append("")
-        class_docs = dedent(scale_class.__init__.__doc__)
+        class_docs = cbook.dedent(scale_class.__init__.__doc__)
         class_docs = "".join(["        %s\n" %
                               x for x in class_docs.split("\n")])
         docs.append(class_docs)
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/sphinxext/only_directives.py b/lib/matplotlib/sphinxext/only_directives.py
index 18205cc7de71..0a5ed70f800e 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/sphinxext/only_directives.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/sphinxext/only_directives.py
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 import six
 
 from docutils.nodes import Body, Element
-from docutils.parsers.rst import directives
+
 
 class only_base(Body, Element):
     def dont_traverse(self, *args, **kwargs):
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/sphinxext/tests/test_tinypages.py b/lib/matplotlib/sphinxext/tests/test_tinypages.py
index 89610e95edaa..748a3f381900 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/sphinxext/tests/test_tinypages.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/sphinxext/tests/test_tinypages.py
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 
 import filecmp
 from os.path import join as pjoin, dirname, isdir
-import shutil
 from subprocess import call, Popen, PIPE
 import sys
 
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/spines.py b/lib/matplotlib/spines.py
index d8f98fa13c0f..5f4f798cfef8 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/spines.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/spines.py
@@ -5,14 +5,11 @@
 
 import matplotlib
 
-import matplotlib.artist as martist
 from matplotlib.artist import allow_rasterization
 from matplotlib import docstring
 import matplotlib.transforms as mtransforms
-import matplotlib.lines as mlines
 import matplotlib.patches as mpatches
 import matplotlib.path as mpath
-import matplotlib.cbook as cbook
 import numpy as np
 import warnings
 
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/style/core.py b/lib/matplotlib/style/core.py
index bd35f902eab2..49467c4c9553 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/style/core.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/style/core.py
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@
 import warnings
 
 import matplotlib as mpl
-from matplotlib import cbook
 from matplotlib import rc_params_from_file, rcParamsDefault
 
 
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/testing/__init__.py b/lib/matplotlib/testing/__init__.py
index cafbbc667bab..36a7403698f2 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/testing/__init__.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/testing/__init__.py
@@ -2,18 +2,15 @@
                         unicode_literals)
 
 import functools
-import inspect
 import warnings
-from contextlib import contextmanager
 
 import matplotlib
-from matplotlib.cbook import iterable
-from matplotlib import rcParams, rcdefaults, use
+from matplotlib import cbook, rcParams, rcdefaults, use
 
 
 def _is_list_like(obj):
     """Returns whether the obj is iterable and not a string"""
-    return not isinstance(obj, six.string_types) and iterable(obj)
+    return not isinstance(obj, six.string_types) and cbook.iterable(obj)
 
 
 def is_called_from_pytest():
@@ -42,7 +39,6 @@ def setup():
     # The baseline images are created in this locale, so we should use
     # it during all of the tests.
     import locale
-    import warnings
     from matplotlib.backends import backend_agg, backend_pdf, backend_svg
 
     try:
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/testing/_nose/decorators.py b/lib/matplotlib/testing/_nose/decorators.py
index e6e2eb4dc847..1f0807df2004 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/testing/_nose/decorators.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/testing/_nose/decorators.py
@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
 from __future__ import (absolute_import, division, print_function,
                         unicode_literals)
 
-import os
 import six
-import sys
 from .. import _copy_metadata
 from . import knownfail
 from .exceptions import KnownFailureDidNotFailTest
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/testing/jpl_units/UnitDblConverter.py b/lib/matplotlib/testing/jpl_units/UnitDblConverter.py
index 73bda0bb7f5b..fb85a1a8e218 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/testing/jpl_units/UnitDblConverter.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/testing/jpl_units/UnitDblConverter.py
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@
 
 import numpy as np
 import matplotlib.units as units
-import matplotlib.ticker as ticker
 import matplotlib.projections.polar as polar
 from matplotlib.cbook import iterable
 #
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/text.py b/lib/matplotlib/text.py
index 84d7f1242155..090073f2abb7 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/text.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/text.py
@@ -6,32 +6,23 @@
 import six
 from six.moves import zip
 
+import contextlib
+import logging
 import math
 import warnings
-import logging
 import weakref
 
-import contextlib
-
 import numpy as np
 
-from matplotlib import cbook
-from matplotlib import rcParams
-import matplotlib.artist as artist
-from matplotlib.artist import Artist
-from matplotlib.cbook import maxdict
-from matplotlib import docstring
-from matplotlib.font_manager import FontProperties
-from matplotlib.patches import FancyBboxPatch
-from matplotlib.patches import FancyArrowPatch, Rectangle
-import matplotlib.transforms as mtransforms
-from matplotlib.transforms import Affine2D, Bbox, Transform
-from matplotlib.transforms import BboxBase, BboxTransformTo
-from matplotlib.lines import Line2D
-from matplotlib.path import Path
-from matplotlib.artist import allow_rasterization
-
-from matplotlib.textpath import TextPath
+from . import artist, cbook, docstring, rcParams
+from .artist import Artist
+from .font_manager import FontProperties
+from .lines import Line2D
+from .patches import FancyArrowPatch, FancyBboxPatch, Rectangle
+from .textpath import TextPath  # Unused, but imported by others.
+from .transforms import (
+    Affine2D, Bbox, BboxBase, BboxTransformTo, IdentityTransform, Transform)
+
 
 _log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -101,7 +92,7 @@ def _get_textbox(text, renderer):
     projected_ys = []
 
     theta = np.deg2rad(text.get_rotation())
-    tr = mtransforms.Affine2D().rotate(-theta)
+    tr = Affine2D().rotate(-theta)
 
     _, parts, d = text._get_layout(renderer)
 
@@ -118,7 +109,7 @@ def _get_textbox(text, renderer):
     xt_box, yt_box = min(projected_xs), min(projected_ys)
     w_box, h_box = max(projected_xs) - xt_box, max(projected_ys) - yt_box
 
-    tr = mtransforms.Affine2D().rotate(theta)
+    tr = Affine2D().rotate(theta)
 
     x_box, y_box = tr.transform_point((xt_box, yt_box))
 
@@ -130,7 +121,7 @@ class Text(Artist):
     Handle storing and drawing of text in window or data coordinates.
     """
     zorder = 3
-    _cached = maxdict(50)
+    _cached = cbook.maxdict(50)
 
     def __repr__(self):
         return "Text(%g,%g,%s)" % (self._x, self._y, repr(self._text))
@@ -474,7 +465,7 @@ def set_bbox(self, rectprops):
                                     1., 1.,
                                     boxstyle=boxstyle,
                                     bbox_transmuter=bbox_transmuter,
-                                    transform=mtransforms.IdentityTransform(),
+                                    transform=IdentityTransform(),
                                     **props)
         else:
             self._bbox_patch = None
@@ -509,7 +500,7 @@ def update_bbox_position_size(self, renderer):
             x_box, y_box, w_box, h_box = _get_textbox(self, renderer)
             self._bbox_patch.set_bounds(0., 0., w_box, h_box)
             theta = np.deg2rad(self.get_rotation())
-            tr = mtransforms.Affine2D().rotate(theta)
+            tr = Affine2D().rotate(theta)
             tr = tr.translate(posx + x_box, posy + y_box)
             self._bbox_patch.set_transform(tr)
             fontsize_in_pixel = renderer.points_to_pixels(self.get_size())
@@ -524,7 +515,7 @@ def _draw_bbox(self, renderer, posx, posy):
         x_box, y_box, w_box, h_box = _get_textbox(self, renderer)
         self._bbox_patch.set_bounds(0., 0., w_box, h_box)
         theta = np.deg2rad(self.get_rotation())
-        tr = mtransforms.Affine2D().rotate(theta)
+        tr = Affine2D().rotate(theta)
         tr = tr.translate(posx + x_box, posy + y_box)
         self._bbox_patch.set_transform(tr)
         fontsize_in_pixel = renderer.points_to_pixels(self.get_size())
@@ -699,7 +690,7 @@ def _get_wrapped_text(self):
 
         return wrapped_str + line
 
-    @allow_rasterization
+    @artist.allow_rasterization
     def draw(self, renderer):
         """
         Draws the :class:`Text` object to the given *renderer*.
@@ -2280,12 +2271,12 @@ def _update_position_xytext(self, renderer, xy_pixel):
                                   width=w,
                                   height=h,
                                   )
-                    r.set_transform(mtransforms.IdentityTransform())
+                    r.set_transform(IdentityTransform())
                     r.set_clip_on(False)
 
                     self.arrow_patch.set_patchA(r)
 
-    @allow_rasterization
+    @artist.allow_rasterization
     def draw(self, renderer):
         """
         Draw the :class:`Annotation` object to the given *renderer*.
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/tight_bbox.py b/lib/matplotlib/tight_bbox.py
index 69ff23abf426..7bffb3531297 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/tight_bbox.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/tight_bbox.py
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@
 
 import six
 
-import warnings
 from matplotlib.transforms import Bbox, TransformedBbox, Affine2D
 
 
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/type1font.py b/lib/matplotlib/type1font.py
index b161b53ee8c8..a971a336f05a 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/type1font.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/type1font.py
@@ -26,15 +26,14 @@
                         unicode_literals)
 
 import six
-from six import unichr
 
 import binascii
 import io
 import itertools
-import numpy as np
 import re
 import struct
-import sys
+
+import numpy as np
 
 if six.PY3:
     def ord(x):
diff --git a/lib/mpl_toolkits/axes_grid1/axes_grid.py b/lib/mpl_toolkits/axes_grid1/axes_grid.py
index f63daa73fa1f..24e45cac15a6 100644
--- a/lib/mpl_toolkits/axes_grid1/axes_grid.py
+++ b/lib/mpl_toolkits/axes_grid1/axes_grid.py
@@ -3,11 +3,8 @@
 
 import six
 
-import matplotlib as mpl
 import matplotlib.axes as maxes
 import matplotlib.cbook as cbook
-import matplotlib.lines as mlines
-import matplotlib.patches as mpatches
 import matplotlib.ticker as ticker
 from matplotlib.gridspec import SubplotSpec
 
diff --git a/lib/mpl_toolkits/axes_grid1/mpl_axes.py b/lib/mpl_toolkits/axes_grid1/mpl_axes.py
index 3350278508df..9e1b775e6998 100644
--- a/lib/mpl_toolkits/axes_grid1/mpl_axes.py
+++ b/lib/mpl_toolkits/axes_grid1/mpl_axes.py
@@ -3,8 +3,6 @@
 
 import six
 
-import warnings
-
 import matplotlib.axes as maxes
 from matplotlib.artist import Artist
 from matplotlib.axis import XAxis, YAxis
diff --git a/lib/mpl_toolkits/axes_grid1/parasite_axes.py b/lib/mpl_toolkits/axes_grid1/parasite_axes.py
index 5d347af1da4c..f8b7add3b6f2 100644
--- a/lib/mpl_toolkits/axes_grid1/parasite_axes.py
+++ b/lib/mpl_toolkits/axes_grid1/parasite_axes.py
@@ -3,25 +3,15 @@
 
 import six
 
-import warnings
-
-import matplotlib
-rcParams = matplotlib.rcParams
-import matplotlib.artist as martist
-import matplotlib.transforms as mtransforms
-import matplotlib.collections as mcoll
-import matplotlib.legend as mlegend
-
+from matplotlib import (
+    artist as martist, collections as mcoll, transforms as mtransforms,
+    rcParams)
 from matplotlib.axes import subplot_class_factory
-from .mpl_axes import Axes
-
 from matplotlib.transforms import Bbox
+from .mpl_axes import Axes
 
 import numpy as np
 
-import matplotlib.cbook as cbook
-is_string_like = cbook.is_string_like
-
 
 class ParasiteAxesBase(object):
 
diff --git a/lib/mpl_toolkits/axisartist/axis_artist.py b/lib/mpl_toolkits/axisartist/axis_artist.py
index 7c88fc07c3ba..a90535652336 100644
--- a/lib/mpl_toolkits/axisartist/axis_artist.py
+++ b/lib/mpl_toolkits/axisartist/axis_artist.py
@@ -89,18 +89,16 @@
 import six
 
 # FIXME :
+# angles are given in data coordinate - need to convert it to canvas coordinate
 
-# * : angles are given in data coordinate - need to convert it to canvas coordinate
 
-
-import matplotlib.axes as maxes
 import matplotlib.artist as martist
 import matplotlib.text as mtext
 import matplotlib.font_manager as font_manager
 
 from matplotlib.path import Path
-from matplotlib.transforms import Affine2D, ScaledTranslation, \
-     IdentityTransform, TransformedPath, Bbox
+from matplotlib.transforms import (
+    Affine2D, Bbox, IdentityTransform, ScaledTranslation, TransformedPath)
 from matplotlib.collections import LineCollection
 
 from matplotlib import rcParams
diff --git a/lib/mpl_toolkits/axisartist/axislines.py b/lib/mpl_toolkits/axisartist/axislines.py
index ca735b94bdf2..3c4e47ea53dc 100644
--- a/lib/mpl_toolkits/axisartist/axislines.py
+++ b/lib/mpl_toolkits/axisartist/axislines.py
@@ -46,31 +46,19 @@
 
 import six
 
-import matplotlib.axes as maxes
-import matplotlib.artist as martist
-import matplotlib.text as mtext
-import matplotlib.font_manager as font_manager
-
-from matplotlib.path import Path
-from matplotlib.transforms import Affine2D, ScaledTranslation, \
-     IdentityTransform, TransformedPath, Bbox
-from matplotlib.collections import LineCollection
-
-from matplotlib import rcParams
-
-from matplotlib.artist import allow_rasterization
-
 import warnings
 
 import numpy as np
 
-
-import matplotlib.lines as mlines
+from matplotlib import rcParams
+import matplotlib.artist as martist
+import matplotlib.axes as maxes
+from matplotlib.path import Path
+from matplotlib.transforms import Bbox
 from .axisline_style import AxislineStyle
-
-
 from .axis_artist import AxisArtist, GridlinesCollection
 
+
 class AxisArtistHelper(object):
     """
     AxisArtistHelper should define
diff --git a/lib/mpl_toolkits/axisartist/floating_axes.py b/lib/mpl_toolkits/axisartist/floating_axes.py
index 38332b3d46ee..48d1260d3ce2 100644
--- a/lib/mpl_toolkits/axisartist/floating_axes.py
+++ b/lib/mpl_toolkits/axisartist/floating_axes.py
@@ -8,25 +8,22 @@
 from six.moves import zip
 
 # TODO :
+# see if tick_iterator method can be simplified by reusing the parent method.
 
-# *. see if tick_iterator method can be simplified by reusing the parent method.
-
-from itertools import chain
-from .grid_finder import GridFinder
-
-from  .axislines import AxisArtistHelper, GridHelperBase
-from  .axis_artist import AxisArtist
-from matplotlib.transforms import Affine2D, IdentityTransform
 import numpy as np
 
-
+from matplotlib.transforms import Affine2D, IdentityTransform
 from . import grid_helper_curvelinear
+from .axislines import AxisArtistHelper, GridHelperBase
+from .axis_artist import AxisArtist
+from .grid_finder import GridFinder
+
 
 class FloatingAxisArtistHelper(grid_helper_curvelinear.FloatingAxisArtistHelper):
     pass
 
-class FixedAxisArtistHelper(grid_helper_curvelinear.FloatingAxisArtistHelper):
 
+class FixedAxisArtistHelper(grid_helper_curvelinear.FloatingAxisArtistHelper):
 
     def __init__(self, grid_helper, side, nth_coord_ticks=None):
         """
diff --git a/lib/mpl_toolkits/axisartist/grid_finder.py b/lib/mpl_toolkits/axisartist/grid_finder.py
index 93c7e69214c9..d41841ff6b9e 100644
--- a/lib/mpl_toolkits/axisartist/grid_finder.py
+++ b/lib/mpl_toolkits/axisartist/grid_finder.py
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 import six
 
 import numpy as np
-import matplotlib.cbook as mcbook
 from matplotlib.transforms import Bbox
 from . import clip_path
 clip_line_to_rect = clip_path.clip_line_to_rect
diff --git a/lib/mpl_toolkits/mplot3d/art3d.py b/lib/mpl_toolkits/mplot3d/art3d.py
index e183e7405fd1..19d3ed9e14e8 100644
--- a/lib/mpl_toolkits/mplot3d/art3d.py
+++ b/lib/mpl_toolkits/mplot3d/art3d.py
@@ -12,20 +12,18 @@
 import six
 from six.moves import zip
 
+import math
+
+import numpy as np
+
 from matplotlib import (
     artist, cbook, colors as mcolors, lines, text as mtext, path as mpath)
 from matplotlib.cbook import _backports
 from matplotlib.collections import (
     Collection, LineCollection, PolyCollection, PatchCollection,
     PathCollection)
-from matplotlib.cm import ScalarMappable
-from matplotlib.patches import Patch
 from matplotlib.colors import Normalize
-from matplotlib.cbook import iterable
-
-import warnings
-import numpy as np
-import math
+from matplotlib.patches import Patch
 from . import proj3d
 
 
@@ -54,7 +52,7 @@ def get_dir_vector(zdir):
         return np.array((0, 0, 1))
     elif zdir is None:
         return np.array((0, 0, 0))
-    elif iterable(zdir) and len(zdir) == 3:
+    elif cbook.iterable(zdir) and len(zdir) == 3:
         return zdir
     else:
         raise ValueError("'x', 'y', 'z', None or vector of length 3 expected")

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