diff --git a/.github/workflows/check.yml b/.github/workflows/check.yml
index 0ff197d01..ba6540839 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/check.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/check.yml
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Build docs
         id: build
-        run: ./scripts/build.sh
+        run: python ./scripts/manage_translations.py build
 
       - name: Upload artifact - docs
         if: steps.build.outcome == 'success'
diff --git a/.github/workflows/sync.yml b/.github/workflows/sync.yml
index 7ff462ff2..be0f37346 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/sync.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/sync.yml
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ jobs:
       # 3- Pull translations
 
       - name: Generate template files and Transifex config file
-        run: ./scripts/generate_templates.sh
+        run: python ./scripts/manage_translations.py generate_templates
 
       - name: Pull translations from Transifex
         id: pull
diff --git a/scripts/build.sh b/scripts/build.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index ee338368e..000000000
--- a/scripts/build.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-# Build translated docs to pop up errors
-#
-# SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
-
-set -xeu
-
-# Fail earlier if required variables are not set
-test -n ${PYDOC_LANGUAGE+x}
-
-cd "$(dirname $0)/.."
-mkdir -p logs
-
-# If version is 3.12 or older, set gettext_compact.
-# This confval is not needed since 3.12.
-# In 3.13, its presence messes 3.13's syntax checking (?)
-opts="-D language=${PYDOC_LANGUAGE} --keep-going -w ../../logs/sphinxwarnings.txt"
-minor_version=$(git -C cpython/Doc branch --show-current | sed 's|^3\.||')
-if [ $minor_version -lt 12 ]; then
-  opts="$opts -D gettext_compact=False"
-fi
-
-make -C cpython/Doc html SPHINXOPTS="${opts}"
-
-# Remove empty file
-if [ ! -s logs/sphinxwarnings.txt ]; then
-  rm logs/sphinxwarnings.txt
-fi
diff --git a/scripts/generate_templates.sh b/scripts/generate_templates.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index d1878f411..000000000
--- a/scripts/generate_templates.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-# Generate .pot files and Transifex .tx/config file
-#
-# SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
-#
-# The following need to be set:
-#   PYDOC_TX_PROJECT (e.g. python-newest)
-#   PYDOC_LANGUAGE (e.g. pt_BR)
-#   TX_TOKEN (or have a ~/.transifexrc file)
-
-set -xeu
-
-# Fail earlier if required variables are not set (do not expose TX_TOKEN)
-test -n ${PYDOC_TX_PROJECT+x}
-test -n ${PYDOC_LANGUAGE+x}
-
-# Make sure to run all commands from CPython docs locales directory
-cd $(dirname $0)/../cpython/Doc/locales
-
-# Generate message catalog template (.pot) files
-# TODO: use `make -C .. gettext` when there are only Python >= 3.12
-opts='-E -b gettext -D gettext_compact=0 -d build/.doctrees . build/gettext' 
-make -C .. build ALLSPHINXOPTS="$opts"
-
-# Generate updated Transifex project configuration file (.tx/config)
-rm -rf ./.tx/config
-sphinx-intl create-txconfig
-sphinx-intl update-txconfig-resources \
-  --transifex-organization-name=python-doc \
-  --transifex-project-name=$PYDOC_TX_PROJECT \
-  --locale-dir=. \
-  --pot-dir=../build/gettext
-
-# Patch .tx/config and store in the repository to enable running tx command
-# Explanation:
-#  - Adds 'trans.$PYDOC_LANGUAGE' to not need to pass tx pull with '-l LANGUAGE'
-#  - Don't remove 'file_filter' otherwise tx pull complains
-#  - Replace PO file path to a local directory (easier manual use of tx pull)
-mkdir -p "${PYDOC_LANGUAGE}/LC_MESSAGES/.tx/"
-sed .tx/config \
-  -e 's|./<lang>/LC_MESSAGES/||' \
-  -e "/^file_filter/{p;s/file_filter/trans.${PYDOC_LANGUAGE}/g;}" \
-	> "${PYDOC_LANGUAGE}/LC_MESSAGES/.tx/config"
diff --git a/scripts/manage_translations.py b/scripts/manage_translations.py
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..49d016ac9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/manage_translations.py
@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
+
+import argparse
+import contextlib
+import logging
+import os
+import re
+import shutil
+import subprocess
+import sys
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Optional
+
+from sphinx_intl.transifex import create_txconfig, update_txconfig_resources
+
+ROOTDIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent
+COMMANDS = ["build", 'generate_templates']
+
+logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format="%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s")
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def configure_parser() -> argparse.ArgumentParser:
+    """Configure and return the argument parser."""
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Manage translation for Python documentation")
+    parser.add_argument("command", choices=COMMANDS, help="The command to execute")
+    parser.add_argument("-l", "--language", help="Language for the translated documentation")
+    parser.add_argument("-v", "--python-version", help="Python version to be used")
+    parser.add_argument("-L", "--logs-dir", default=ROOTDIR / "logs", type=Path, help="Directory for logs (default: 'logs' in root directory")
+    parser.add_argument("-c", "--cpython-path", default=ROOTDIR / "cpython", type=Path, help="Path to the CPython repository (default: 'cpython' in root directory")
+    parser.add_argument("-p", "--po-dir", type=Path, help="Path to the language team repository containing PO files (default: CPYTHON_PATH/Doc/locales/LANGUAGE/LC_MESSAGES")
+    parser.add_argument('-t', '--tx-project', help="Name of the Transifex project under python-doc Transifex organization")
+    return parser
+
+
+def get_value(arg_value: Optional[str], arg_name: str, env_var_name: str) -> str:
+    """Return a CLI argument or environment variable value."""
+    value = arg_value or os.getenv(env_var_name)
+    if not value:
+        logger.error(f"'{arg_name}' not provided and the environment variable {env_var_name} is not set.")
+        sys.exit(1)
+    return value
+
+
+def validate_cpython_path(cpython_path: Path) -> None:
+    if not (cpython_path / "Doc" / "conf.py").exists():
+        logger.error(f"Missing conf.py in {cpython_path}. Invalid CPython directory.")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+
+def validate_po_dir(po_dir: Path) -> None:
+    if not po_dir.exists() or not list(po_dir.glob("*.po")):
+        logger.error(f"Invalid locale directory '{po_dir}'. No PO files found.")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+
+def validate_tx_config(tx_config: str) -> None:
+    if not re.match(r"python-(newest|\d+)", tx_config):
+        logger.error(f"Invalid Transifex project name: {tx_config}")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+
+# contextlib implemented chdir since Python 3.11 
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def chdir(path: Path):
+    """Temporarily change the working directory."""
+    original_dir = Path.cwd()
+    logger.info(path)
+    os.chdir(path)
+    try:
+        yield
+    finally:
+        os.chdir(original_dir)
+
+
+def build_docs(language: str, version: str, po_dir: Path, logs_dir: Path, cpython_path: Path) -> None:
+    """Build the documentation using Sphinx."""
+    warning_log = logs_dir / "sphinx_warnings_build_docs.txt"
+    sphinx_opts = ["-E", "-Dgettext_compact=0", f"-Dlanguage={language}", "--keep-going", "-w", f"{warning_log}"]
+    locale_dirs = cpython_path / "Doc/locales"
+    target_locale_dir = cpython_path / "Doc/locales" / language / "LC_MESSAGES"
+
+    # TODO Fix symlinking when po_dir is not equal to target_locale_dir
+    #if not po_dir.relative_to(locale_dirs) and
+    #   not target_locale_dir.readlink() == po_dir:
+    #        if target_locale_dir.is_symlink():
+    #             target_locale_dir.unlink() # remove only if it is a symlink
+    #        if not target_locale_dir.exists() and not target_locale_dir.is_symlink():
+    #        (locale_dirs / language).mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    #        os.symlink(po_dir, target_locale_dir)
+
+    try:
+        logger.info(f"Building documentation for {language}, Python {version}.")
+        subprocess.run([
+            "make", "-C", str(cpython_path / "Doc"), "html", f"SPHINXOPTS={' '.join(sphinx_opts)}"
+        ], check=True)
+
+        if warning_log.exists() and not warning_log.stat().st_size:
+            warning_log.unlink()
+            logger.info("Removed empty warning log file.")
+
+    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
+        logger.error(f"Make command failed: {e}")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+
+def generate_templates(logs_dir: Path, cpython_path: Path, tx_project: str) -> None:
+    """Generate translation template files (a.k.a. POT files) with Sphinx"""
+    warning_log = logs_dir / "sphinx_warnings_generate_templates.txt"
+    all_sphinx_opts = [
+        "-E", "-b", "gettext", "-Dgettext_compact=0", "--keep-going",
+        "-w", f"{warning_log}", "-d", "build/.doctrees-gettext", ".", "build/gettext"
+    ]
+
+    try:
+        logger.info("Generating template files for Python docs.")
+        subprocess.run([
+            "make", "-C", str(cpython_path / "Doc"), "build", f"ALLSPHINXOPTS={' '.join(all_sphinx_opts)}"
+        ], check=True)
+
+        if warning_log.exists() and not warning_log.stat().st_size:
+            warning_log.unlink()
+            logger.info("Removed empty warning log file.")
+
+    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
+        logger.error(f"Make command failed: {e}")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    with chdir(cpython_path / "Doc/locales"):
+        logger.info("Updating Transifex's resources configuration file")
+        Path(".tx/config").unlink(missing_ok=True)
+        create_txconfig()
+        update_txconfig_resources(
+            transifex_organization_name='python-doc',
+            transifex_project_name=tx_project,
+            locale_dir=Path("."),
+            pot_dir=Path("../build/gettext")
+        )
+
+
+def main() -> None:
+    parser = configure_parser()
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    # Set and require variable depending on the command issued by the user
+    cpython_path = args.cpython_path
+    logs_dir = Path(get_value(str(args.logs_dir), "--logs-dir", "PYDOC_LOGS"))
+
+    if args.command == "generate_templates":
+        tx_project = get_value(args.tx_project, "--tx-project", "PYDOC_TX_PROJECT")
+
+    if args.command == "build":
+        language = get_value(args.language, "--language", "PYDOC_LANGUAGE")
+        version = get_value(args.python_version, "--python-version", "PYDOC_VERSION")
+        po_dir = args.po_dir.absolute() if args.po_dir else cpython_path / f"Doc/locales/{language}/LC_MESSAGES"
+
+    if args.command in ["build", "generate_templates"]:
+        if not shutil.which("make"):
+            logger.error("'make' not found. Please install it.")
+            sys.exit(1)
+
+        logs_dir.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
+        logger.info(f"Logs will be stored in: {logs_dir}")
+
+        if args.command == "build":
+            validate_cpython_path(cpython_path)
+            validate_po_dir(po_dir)
+            build_docs(language, version, po_dir, logs_dir, cpython_path)
+            logger.info("Documentation build completed successfully.")
+        elif args.command == "generate_templates":
+            validate_cpython_path(cpython_path)
+            validate_tx_config(tx_project)
+            generate_templates(logs_dir, cpython_path, tx_project)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
+

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