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Yemeni Civil War (2014–present)

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Yemeni Civil War (2015–present)
Part of the Arab Winter, the Yemeni Crisis and the Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict/Qatar–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict

Military situation in Yemen on 13 February 2019
  Controlled by the Supreme Political Council (Houthis)
  Controlled by the Hadi-led government and allies
  Controlled by Southern Transitional Council
  Controlled by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL)
  Controlled by Ansar al-Sharia and Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP)
(For a map of the military situation in Yemen and border areas in Saudi Arabia, see the detailed map here.)
Date19 March 2015 – ongoing
(9 years, 8 months, 1 week and 6 days)
Location
Yemen, southern Saudi Arabia (spillovers)
Status

Ongoing

Territorial
changes		 As of May 2016: AQAP controls 36% of the country (193,000 km²)[51]
Main belligerents

Supreme Political Council

Alleged support:

Cabinet of Yemen

Saudi-led coalition
 Saudi Arabia[14]
 United Arab Emirates[15]
 Senegal[16]
 Sudan[17][18]
 Morocco[19] (2015–19)[20]
 Qatar[17] (2015–17)[21]
Academi security contractors[22][23][24][25][26]

Under 1,000 troops:

United States Green Berets[27][28]
France French Army Special Forces Command[29][30][31]
Academi

Support:

Southern Transitional Council (from 2017)[38]
Tareq Saleh forces (from 2017)[39][40]

Support:

Al-Qaeda[45][46][47]
Ansar al-Sharia

Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant ISIL-YP[49][50]
Commanders and leaders
Casualties:

Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi
Ali Mohsen (2016–)
Khaled Bahah (2015–16)
Hussein Arab (until 2017)
Ahmed Saleh (2017–)[11]
Tareq Saleh (2017–)
Saudi-led coalition:
King Salman
Mohammed bin Salman
Mohammed bin Zayed
Tamim bin Hamad (2015–17)
Abdel Fattah Abdelrahman Burhan
Macky Sall
Mohamed VI (2015–19)

Under 1,000 troops
Casualties:

Nasir al-Wuhayshi †
Qasim al-Raymi
Nasser al-Ansi †
Ibrahim al-Rubaish †
Khalid Batarfi
Ibrahim al Qosi[90]

Abu Bilal al-Harbi[91]
Abu Osama al-Muhajer (POW)[92]
Strength

Supreme Political Council:

150,000–200,000 fighters[93]
 100 warplanes and 150,000 soldiers[94]
30 warplanes[95]
15 warplanes[95] and 300 troops[96]
15 warplanes[95]
10 warplanes and 1,000 soldiers[95][97]
6 warplanes[95]
6 warplanes[95] and 1,500 troops[19][95]
4 warplanes and 6,000 troops[98][99]
2,100 troops[95]
4 warships[100] and warplanes[101]
1,800 security contractors[102]

Ansar al-Sharia

ISIL: 300[107]
Casualties and losses
"Thousands" killed (per Al Jazeera; as of May 2018)
11,000+ killed (Arab Coalition claim; as of December 2017)[108]

1,000[109]-3,000[110] soldiers killed
10 captured;[111]
3 aircraft lost;[112][113][114]
9 helicopters lost[115][116][117][118][119][120]
20 M1A2S lost[121]
1 frigate damaged[122]
United Arab Emirates Over 120 soldiers killed[123]
3 aircraft lost[124][125]
3 helicopters lost[126][127]
1 watercraft damaged (HSV-2 Swift)[128]
Sudan 1,000–1,200 soldiers killed[129][130]
Bahrain 8 soldiers killed[131]
1 F-16 crashed[132]
Qatar 4 soldiers killed[133]
Morocco 1 soldier killed[134]
1 F-16 shot down[134][135]
Jordan 1 F-16 lost[136]


Academi: 15 PMCs killed[137]
 1,000 killed, 1,500 captured[138]

91,600+ killed overall in Yemen (11,700+ civilians)[139]
500+ killed overall in Saudi Arabia[140]
49,960 wounded overall in Yemen[141] (10,768 civilians)[142]
3,154,572 people displaced[143]

84,701 children died from starvation (per Save the Children)[144] and 2,556 people died due to a cholera outbreak (April 2017–October 2018)[145]

The Yemeni Civil War is an ongoing war that began in 2015 between two factions: the Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi led Yemeni government and the Houthi armed movement, along with their supporters and allies.

Background

[change | change source]

Both sides claim to constitute the official government of Yemen.[146] Houthi forces currently controlling the capital Sanaʽa, allied with forces loyal to the former president Ali Abdullah Saleh, have clashed with the forces loyal to Hadi who are based in Aden. Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP) and the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant have also carried out attacks, with AQAP controlling swathes of territory in the hinterlands, and along stretches of the coast.[147] On 21 March 2015, after taking over Sanaʽa and the Yemeni government, the Houthi-led Supreme Revolutionary Committee declared a general mobilization to overthrow Hadi and expand their control by driving into southern provinces.[148] The Houthi offensive, allied with military forces loyal to Saleh, began fighting the next day in Lahij Governorate. By 25 March, Lahij fell to the Houthis and they reached the outskirts of Aden, the seat of power for Hadi's government.[149] Hadi fled the country the same day.[150] At the same time, a coalition led by Saudi Arabia launched military operations by using air strikes to restore the former Yemeni government.[17] The United States provided intelligence and logistical support for the campaign.[151]

Damages

[change | change source]

According to the UN and other sources, from March 2015 to December 2017, between 8,670–13,600 people were killed in Yemen, including more than 5,200 civilians,. They estimated more than 50,000 have died as a result of an ongoing famine due to the war.[141][152][153] With Iran suporting the Huthi and Saudi Arabia opposing them, the conflict has been widely seen as a proxy war and a means for Saudi Arabia to combat Iranian influence in the region.[154][155]

Starvation

[change | change source]

In 2018, the United Nations warned that 13 million Yemeni civilians face starvation in what it says could become "the worst famine in the world in 100 years."[156] The international community sharply condemned the Saudi Arabian-led bombing campaign, which included widespread bombing of civilian areas.[157] The bombing campaign has killed or injured an estimated 17,729 civilians as of March 2019 according to the Yemen Data Project.[158] Despite this, the crisis gained less international media attention than the Syrian civil war.[159][160] The US has been providing bombs to aid the Saudi forces and airstrikes in Yemen. In March 2019, this led the US senate to pass a resolution to end US support of Saudi Arabia.[161] It was vetoed by President of the United States Donald Trump, and in May, the Senate failed to override the veto.[162]

[change | change source]

References

[change | change source]
  1. ↑ Eleonora Ardemagni (19 March 2018). "Yemen's Military: From the Tribal Army to the Warlords". IPSI. Retrieved 29 May 2018.
  2. ↑ "Death of a leader: Where next for Yemen's GPC after murder of Saleh?". Middle East Eye. 23 January 2018. Retrieved 31 May 2018.
  3. ↑ See:
  4. ↑ See:
  5. ↑ "North Korea's Balancing Act in the Persian Gulf". The Huffington Post. 17 August 2015. Archived from the original on 17 August 2015. Retrieved 17 August 2015. North Korea's military support for Houthi rebels in Yemen is the latest manifestation of its support for anti-American forces.
  6. ↑ "My enemy's enemy is my ally: How al-Qaeda fighters are backed by Yemen's government". Archived from the original on 13 November 2017. Retrieved 13 November 2017.
  7. ↑ "Google Translate". translate.google.com.
  8. ↑ "Brothers no more: Yemen's Islah party faces collapse of Aden alliances". Middle East Eye. 21 October 2017. Retrieved 5 June 2018.
  9. ↑ "Hadi counts on Saleh kin to revive elite forces". Gulf News. 23 March 2018. Retrieved 29 May 2018.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 "Military reshuffle in Yemen aimed at tackling Saleh family". The Arab Weekly. 25 February 2018. Retrieved 31 May 2018.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 "Exiled son of Yemen's Saleh takes up anti-Houthi cause". Reuters. 4 December 2017. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
  12. ↑ "Believed dead, ex-president's nephew shows up in Yemen". Retrieved 7 November 2018.
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  14. ↑ "Saudi Arabia Begins Air Assault in Yemen". The New York Times. 25 March 2015. Archived from the original on 26 March 2015. Retrieved 25 March 2015.
    Felicia Schwartz, Hakim Almasmari and Asa Fitch (26 March 2015). "Saudi Arabia Launches Military Operations in Yemen". Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on 24 February 2020. Retrieved 8 July 2019.
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    "UAE to Saudi: Abandon Yemen's Hadi or we will withdraw our troops – Middle East Monitor". Middle East Monitor. 7 March 2017. Archived from the original on 31 July 2017. Retrieved 14 July 2017.
    Wednesday 3 May 2017 08:00 UTC (3 May 2017). "EXCLUSIVE: Yemen president says UAE acting like occupiers". Middle East Eye. Archived from the original on 3 July 2017. Retrieved 14 July 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
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  33. ↑ 33.0 33.1 33.2 "Senegal to support Yemen campaign". BBC News. 5 May 2015. Archived from the original on 8 May 2015. The coalition includes eight Arab states. The US, the UK and France are providing logistical support.
  34. ↑ "U.S. military strikes Yemen after missile attacks on U.S. Navy ship". Reuters. 4 May 2015. Archived from the original on 12 October 2016. Retrieved 13 October 2016.
    Snyder, Stephen (14 October 2016). "US involvement in the Yemen war just got deeper". Public Radio International. Archived from the original on 31 July 2017. Retrieved 9 April 2019.
    Kube, Courtney. "Canadian Officials: Iran Supplying Weapons to Yemen's Houthi Rebels". NBC News. Archived from the original on 25 July 2017. Retrieved 14 July 2017.
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  36. ↑ Швейцария увеличила поставки оружия в страны, ведущие войны
  37. ↑ 37.0 37.1 "China's Role in the Yemen Crisis".
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  45. ↑ "Report: Saudi-UAE coalition 'cut deals' with al-Qaeda in Yemen". Al-Jazeera. 6 August 2018.
  46. ↑ "US allies, Al Qaeda battle rebels in Yemen". Fox News. 7 August 2018.
  47. ↑ "Allies cut deals with al Qaeda in Yemen to serve larger fight with Iran". San Francisco Chronicle. 6 August 2018.
  48. ↑ name="The Integration Of Southern Yemeni's in Aqap">"How Saudi Arabia's war in Yemen has made al Qaeda stronger – and richer". Reuters. 8 April 2016. Archived from the original on 8 April 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2016.
  49. ↑ "ISIS gaining ground in Yemen, competing with al Qaeda". CNN. 21 January 2015. Archived from the original on 22 January 2015. Retrieved 21 January 2015.
  50. ↑ "Yemeni implosion pushes southern Sunnis into arms of al-Qaida and Isis". The Guardian. 22 March 2015. Archived from the original on 1 February 2017.
    "Desknote: The Growing Threat of ISIS in Yemen". American Enterprise Institute. 6 May 2015. Archived from the original on 9 May 2015. Retrieved 12 May 2015.
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  56. ↑ "Disclose the identity of 33 people dead in the incident consolation Rowaishan lounge .. (names + labor)". yemen-24. 8 October 2016.
  57. ↑ ""Ali Alzviv" most prominent pro-Houthi and responsible for the fall in the Great Hall of Amran Sana'a leaders". yemen-press. 9 October 2016.
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    "Central Security Forces in Sana'a Official page in Facebook". facebook. 8 October 2016.
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  128. ↑ "Saudis admit 2 deaths in warship incident after Houthis claim anti-ship missile attack (VIDEO) (The vessel ("Swift") was reportedly deemed unrepairable and decommissioned)". RT. 31 January 2017.
  129. ↑ "'The Yemen war death toll is five times higher than we think – we can't shrug off our responsibilities any longer'". The Independent. 26 October 2018.
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  132. ↑ "Bahrain F-16 crashes in Saudi near Yemen border after 'technical issue'". Middle East Eye.
  133. ↑ "Three Qatar soldiers killed in Yemen".
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  138. ↑ "UAE aims to wipe out Yemen Al Qaeda branch". Dawn. 14 August 2018. Retrieved 14 August 2018.
  139. ↑ Database says 91,600 killed in Yemen fighting since 2015
  140. ↑ Saudi UN envoy decries Houthi border attacks
    Archived 6 August 2016 at the Wayback Machine
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  142. ↑ Yemen: Events of 2018. 17 January 2019.
  143. ↑ "More than 3 million displaced in Yemen – joint UN agency report". 22 August 2016. Archived from the original on 30 January 2017. Retrieved 30 January 2017.
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  145. ↑ CSR. "Outbreak update – Cholera in Yemen, 25 October 2018". www.emro.who.int. Retrieved 2018-10-25.
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  149. ↑ "Yemen's president flees Aden as rebels close in". The Toronto Star. 25 March 2015. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 25 March 2015.
  150. ↑ "Saudi Arabia: Yemen's President Hadi Arrives In Saudi Capital Riyadh". The Huffington Post. 26 March 2015. Archived from the original on 28 March 2015. Retrieved 26 March 2015.
  151. ↑ "Saudi Arabia Begins Air Assault in Yemen". The New York Times. 25 March 2015. Archived from the original on 26 March 2015. Retrieved 25 March 2015.
  152. ↑ "20 Killed in Saudi Airstrike in Yemen". Retrieved 31 December 2017.
  153. ↑ Press, Associated. "50,000 children in Yemen have died of starvation and disease so far this year, monitoring group says". chicagotribune.com. Archived from the original on 2018-11-01. Retrieved 2018-07-07.
  154. ↑ Yemen crisis: Why is there a war? - BBC News
  155. ↑ Who are the Houthis and why are they fighting the Saudi coalition in Yemen? | World news | The Guardian
  156. ↑ "Yemen could be 'worst famine in 100 years'". BBC. 15 October 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018.
  157. ↑ Saudi Arabia and al-Qaeda Unite in Yemen Archived 10 February 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Huffington Post, "Despite the international community's condemnation of Saudi Arabia's bombing of civilian areas in Yemen, ... "
  158. ↑ Raghavan, Sudarsan (27 March 2019). "Airstrike by Saudi-led coalition said to hit near Yemeni hospital, killing 8, including 5 children". The Washington Post. Retrieved 31 March 2019.
  159. ↑ Yemen: Faces of the world's forgotten war | World News | Sky News
  160. ↑ "The Yemen conflict shows no real signs of abating as it enters its fifth year". 25 September 2015.
  161. ↑ Gould, Joe (2019-03-14). "Senate passes resolution to end US support of Saudi Arabia in Yemen, 54-46". Defense News. Retrieved 2019-05-07.
  162. ↑ Gould, Joe (2019-05-03). "Senate fails to override Trump veto on Yemen military assistance". Defense News. Retrieved 2019-05-07.
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