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Optimal design and operation of battery energy storage systems in renewable power plants to reach maximum total electric sale revenues

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Abstract

This paper applies jellyfish search optimization algorithm (JSOA) to maximize electric sale revenue for renewable power plants (RNPPs) with the installation of battery energy storage systems (BESS). Wind turbines (WTs) and solar photovoltaic arrays (SPVAs) are major power sources; meanwhile, the BESS can store energy generated at low-electricity price hours and supply the electricity to loads at other high-electricity price hours. In the first four cases with one operating day, JSOA and three other algorithms are implemented. JSOA reaches greater total revenue than the three other ones. BESS can support a renewable power plant (RNPP) to get more revenue by $495.2. Applying JSOA for two other cases with the change of requested saving energy levels and capacity of BESS, the results indicate that for increasing 10% saving energy or the reduction of 10% BESS capacity, the profit can be reduced by 10% of the maximum profit. In the last study case, BESS is connected between two plants in Vietnam, the Adani Phuoc Minh wind power plant and the Adani Phuoc Minh solar power plant, over one operating year. BESS supports the two power plants, reaching a profit of $733,322.5, about 4.15% of total revenue from the system without BESS. Considering BESS’s investment costs, the profit of BESS over ten operating years is greater than the costs of the cheapest BESS technology by $3,703,225. However, the profit is smaller than other more modern BESS technologies. So, using BESS can bring a high profit to RNPPs, and the selection of BESS technologies impacts the economic issue of the RNPPs.

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Data availability

Data of systems in the study have been given in Appendix.

Abbreviations

\({{\text{TRE}}}_{1{\text{day}}}\) :

Total electric sale revenue for one day

\({{\text{State}}}_{{\text{BESS}},h}\) :

Operation status of BESS at the hth hour

\({E}_{{\text{BESS}},0}, {E}_{{\text{BESS}},24}\) :

Energy in BESS at the beginning and end of a day

\({P}_{{\text{BESS}}}^{{\text{rated}}}\) :

Rated power of the converters of BESS

\( E_{{{\text{BESS, }}h - 1}} \) :

Remaining energy in BESS at the end of the (h − 1)th hour.

\({V}_{{\text{wind}}}^{{\text{cut}}-{\text{in}}}\), \({V}_{{\text{wind}}}^{{\text{cut}}-{\text{out}}}\) :

Cut-in speed and cut-out speed

\({V}_{{\text{wind}}}^{{\text{rate}}}\) :

Rated wind speed

\({V}_{{\text{wind}},h}\), \({P}_{{\text{wind}},h}\) :

Wind speed and rated wind power at the hth hour

\({P}_{{\text{wind}}}^{{\text{rate}}}\), \({P}_{{\text{PV}}}^{{\text{rate}}}\) :

Rated wind power and rated solar power

\({{\text{SR}}}_{{\text{PV}}}\) :

Standard solar radiation (W/m2)

\({{\text{SR}}}_{{\text{PV}},h}\), \({P}_{{\text{PV}},h}\) :

Solar radiation and rated solar power at the hth hour

\({{\text{IV}}}_{{\text{PV}}}\) :

Certain irradiance point value (W/m2)

\({{\text{rdn}}}_{0-0.1}\), \({{\text{rdn}}}\) :

Random numbers within 0 and 0.1, and 0 and 1

\({{\text{Fitness}}}_{k}\), \({{\text{Fitness}}}_{{\text{rd}}}\) :

Evaluation function values of the two solutions \({X}_{k}\) and \({X}_{{\text{rd}}}\)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Power System Optimization Research Group, Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Tan Minh Phan & Thang Trung Nguyen

  2. The University of Danang-University of Science and Technology, Danang, Vietnam

    Minh Quan Duong

  3. Faculty of Electrical Engineering Technology, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Thuan Thanh Nguyen

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  1. Tan Minh Phan
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Appendix

Appendix

See Tables 2, 3 and Figs. 19, 20, 21 and 22.

Table 2 Wind speed and solar radiation at each hour
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Table 3 The employed electricity price profiles
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Fig. 19
figure 19

Wind speed (m/s) at Adani Minh Phuoc wind power plant

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Fig. 20
figure 20

Solar radiation at Adani Minh Phuoc solar power plant

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Fig. 21
figure 21

Generation of Adani Minh Phuoc wind power plant

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Fig. 22
figure 22

Generation of Adani Minh Phuoc solar power plant

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Phan, T.M., Nguyen, T.T., Duong, M.Q. et al. Optimal design and operation of battery energy storage systems in renewable power plants to reach maximum total electric sale revenues. Neural Comput & Applic 36, 12061–12082 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-024-09769-w

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