Skip to main content
Log in

Conditional adversarial consistent identity autoencoder for cross-age face synthesis

  • Published:
Multimedia Tools and Applications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Learning-based face aging/rejuvenation has witnessed rapid progress in recent years. However, existing methods still suffer from the loss of personalized identity information when synthesizing cross-age faces. In this paper, we propose a Conditional Adversarial Consistent Identity AutoEncoder (CACIAE) to revisit this problem. Firstly, a Res-Encoder is designed to better generate powerful face representation. Secondly, the rectangular kernel is introduced into the encoder to make full use of horizontal continuous characteristic information of faces and to make the synthetic face images more natural. Thirdly, a novel consistent identity loss is proposed to learn more face details and produce more natural identity-preserving images. Further, two discriminators are designed to enforce the generator to generate more realistic and more age-accurate images. Experimental results prove the effectiveness of the proposed method, both qualitatively and quantitatively. The code is available at https://github.com/XH-B/CACIAE.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Amos B, Ludwiczuk B, Satyanarayanan M Openface: A general-purpose face recognition library with mobile applications

  2. Antipov G, Baccouche M, Dugelay J-L (2017) Face aging with conditional generative adversarial networks. In: icip, pp 2089–2093

  3. Chen B-C, Chen C-S, Hsu WH (2014) Cross-age reference coding for age-invariant face recognition and retrieval. In: eccv, pp 768–783

  4. Dosovitskiy A, Brox T (2016) Generating images with perceptual similarity metrics based on deep networks. In: nips, pp 658–666

  5. Face transformer (ft) demo. http://cherry.dcs.aber.ac.uk/transformer/. Accessed November, 2019

  6. Face++ Face detect. Accessed November, 2019

  7. Fu Y, Hospedales TM, Xiang T, Gong S, Yao Y (2014) Interestingness prediction by robust learning to rank. In: eccv, pp 488–503

  8. Galton FJ (1878) Composite portraits. Nature 18:97–100

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Gatys LA, Ecker AS, Bethge M (2015) A neural algorithm of artistic style. arXiv:1508.06576

  10. Genovese A, Piuri V, Scotti F (2019) Towards explainable face aging with generative adversarial networks. In: icip, pp 3806–3810

  11. Goodfellow IJ, Pouget-Abadie J, Mirza M, Xu B, Warde-Farley D, Ozair S, Courville A, Bengio Y (2014) Generative adversarial networks. nips 3:2672–2680

    Google Scholar 

  12. He K, Zhang X, Ren S, Sun J (2016) Deep residual learning for image recognition. In: cvpr

  13. Kemelmacher-Shlizerman I, Suwajanakorn S, Seitz S M (2014) Illumination-aware age progression. In: cvpr, pp 3334–3341

  14. Ledig C, Theis L, Huszár F, Caballero J, Cunningham A, Acosta A, Aitken A, Tejani A, Totz J, Wang Z et al (2017) Photo-realistic single image super-resolution using a generative adversarial network. In: cvpr, pp 4681–4690

  15. Liu Z, Luo P, Wang X, Tang X (2015) Deep learning face attributes in the wild. In: Proceedings of International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV)

  16. Liu S, Sun Y, Zhu D, Bao R, Wang W, Shu X, Yan S (2017) Face aging with contextual generative adversarial nets. In: acmmm, pp 82–90

  17. Nhan Duong C, Luu K, Gia Quach K, Bui TD (2016) Longitudinal face modeling via temporal deep restricted boltzmann machines. In: cvpr, pp 5772–5780

  18. Nhan Duong C, Gia Quach K, Luu K, Le N, Savvides M (2017) Temporal non-volume preserving approach to facial age-progression and age-invariant face recognition. In: iccv, pp 3735–3743

  19. Palsson S, Agustsson E, Timofte R, Van Gool L (2018) Generative adversarial style transfer networks for face aging. In: cvprw, pp 2084–2092

  20. Park U, Tong Y, Jain AK (2010) Age-invariant face recognition. tpami 32(5):947–954

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Pittenger JB, Shaw RE (1975) Aging faces as viscal-elastic events: implications for a theory of nonrigid shape perception, vol 1(4)

  22. Ramanathan N, Chellappa R (2008) Modeling shape and textural variations in aging faces. In: 2008 8th IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face & Gesture Recognition, pp 1–8

  23. Ricanek K, Tesafaye T (2006) Morph: a longitudinal image database of normal adult age-progression. In: FG 2006, pp 341–345

  24. Shu X, Tang J, Lai H, Liu L, Yan S (2015) Personalized age progression with aging dictionary. In: iccv

  25. Suo J, Zhu S-C, Shan S, Chen X (2009) A compositional and dynamic model for face aging. tpami 32(3):385–401

    Google Scholar 

  26. Tiddeman B, Burt M, Perrett D (2001) Prototyping and transforming facial textures for perception research. IEEE Comput Graph Appl 21(5):42–50

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Todd JT, Shaw RE, Pittenger JB The perception of human growth. Percept Hum Growth 242(2):132–144

  28. Wang Z, Bovik AC, Sheikh HR, Simoncelli EP, et al. (2004) Image quality assessment: from error visibility to structural similarity. IEEE TIP 13(4):600–612

    Google Scholar 

  29. Wang W, Cui Z, Yan Y, Feng J, Yan S, Shu X, Sebe N (2016) Recurrent face aging. In: cvpr, pp 2378–2386

  30. Wang Z, Tang X, Luo W, Gao S (2018) Face aging with identity-preserved conditional generative adversarial networks. In: cvpr, pp 7939–7947

  31. Wu Y, Thalmann NM, Thalmann D (1994) A plastic-visco-elastic model for wrinkles in facial animation and skin aging. In: Fundamentals of Computer Graphics. World Scientific, pp 201–213

  32. Yang H, Huang D, Wang Y, Jain AK (2018) Learning face age progression: A pyramid architecture of gans. In: cvpr, pp 31–39

  33. Yang H, Huang D, Wang Y, Jain AK (2019) Learning continuous face age progression: A pyramid of gans. arXiv:1901.07528

  34. Zhang Z, Song Y, Qi H (2017) Age progression/regression by conditional adversarial autoencoder. In: cvpr, pp 5810–5818

  35. Zhao H, Gallo O, Frosio I, Kautz J (2016) Loss functions for image restoration with neural networks. IEEE TCI 3(1):47–57

    Google Scholar 

  36. Zhao J, Cheng Y, Cheng Y, Yang Y, Zhao F, Li J, Liu H, Yan S, Feng J (2019) Look across elapse: Disentangled representation learning and photorealistic cross-age face synthesis for age-invariant face recognition. In: aaai, vol 33, pp 9251–9258

  37. Zhu H, Zhou Q, Zhang J, Wang JZ (2018) Facial aging and rejuvenation by conditional multi-adversarial autoencoder with ordinal regression. arXiv:1804.02740

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (No.L191004) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.61271374).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jianwu Li.

Additional information

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Bian, X., Li, J. Conditional adversarial consistent identity autoencoder for cross-age face synthesis. Multimed Tools Appl 80, 14231–14253 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-020-10442-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-020-10442-2

Keywords

Navigation

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy