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Killing of Nahida and Samar Anton

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On 16 December 2023, two Palestinian Christians, Nahida Anton and her daughter Samar Anton, were shot and killed while they were walking inside the grounds of the Holy Family Church to go to the bathroom during the 2023 Israel–Hamas war. [1][2] The Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem said that the shots were fired by an Israeli sniper.[3] The IDF has repeatedly denied this.[4]

Killing of Nahida and Samar Anton
Part of the 2023 Israel–Hamas war
Holy Family Church, Gaza
Killing of Nahida and Samar Anton is located in Israel
Killing of Nahida and Samar Anton
Killing of Nahida and Samar Anton (Israel)
The attack site
LocationGaza City, Gaza Strip
Coordinates31°31′26.7″N 34°27′7.18″E / 31.524083°N 34.4519944°E / 31.524083; 34.4519944
Date16 December 2023 (2023-12-16)
Deaths2
Injured7

Background

At the outbreak of war, the Christian community in Gaza numbered 1017 members, of which 135 were Catholic.[5] Relations with the wider Muslim population were peaceful, with outreach programmes catering to the poor and elderly, and thousands of Muslim children studied in Christian schools.[6] During the hostilities, the Holy Family Church in Rimal became a refuge for over 300 displaced, mnostly Christian,[6] individuals, and by the time of the killings, was sheltering over 600 Gazans. The church was well prepared to offer these services because experience of many prior conflicts had led it to stockpile supplies for such emergencies. These had been replenished during the November ceasefire, though by December the community was on short rations.[6] In early October 2023, Catholic Relief Services and U.S. Senate staffers had informed Israeli military liaisons that the church was sheltering civilians.[6][7]

IDF bombings had leveled most of the buildings in the victinity of the church. On 15 November the Liberal Democrat Layla Moran stated in the House of Commons that members of her Palestinian family, including a grandmother, a cousin, his wife and their 11-year-old twins, [8] were sheltered in the Church: according to their accounts, the compound was being hit by gunfire and white phosphorus,[a] one family member had died, a bin collector and janitor had been killed outside, and could not be buried. [3] The church's generators had been destroyed due to the bombs, along with their solar panels, water tanks and fuel resources. [8] Israeli tanks were stationed nearby, while IDF snipers had taken up positions in the apartment blocks that overlooked the compound, making movement between buildings in the limestone complex very dangerous.[8] Moran later added that anyone approaching the church was shot on sight. [8]

Deaths

Nahida Khalil Anton was the mother of the largest Catholic family in the Gaza Strip, with 7 children and more than 20 grandchildren. Her daughter Samar worked as a cook for the disabled children being cared for by the Teresan nuns of the Missionaries of Charity. [5] Nahida originally hailed from a Palestinian refugee family and was born in Dbayeh, in 1953[9], Lebanon where a sector of the camp cares for Palestinian and Syrian Christian refugees. Her family was forced to flee to Yemen in the wake of the Israeli invasion of Lebanon in 1982. She eventually managed to make her way back to the Gaza Strip, where she dedicated herself to voluntary work for the local Catholic community.[10] Her daughter Samar was 49.[8]

On the morning of the 16 December, according to The Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem, an Israeli tank targeted and struck the Missionaries of Charity convent, which housed 54 disabled people. The shelling caused a large explosion, destroying the church's electricity generator and reserves of fuel. A follow-up barrage of two shells rendered the hospice unihabitable, forcing the residents to be displaced and depriving several of the respiratory ventilators their condition required.[11][3] Father Youssef, a Gazan priest, endeavoured, with a defective cell-phone contact, to get the Patriarchate to convey to the IDF that their area was a designated safe zone.[6] The IDF reported that an exchange between it and the Holy Parish authorities at that point, the latter stated that they had not suffered casualties.[3]

Around noon, Edward Anton, Samar's brother who worked with Doctors Without Borders, thought he had observed the Israeli military outside the church and shouted warnings to those sheltering in the building to stay inside.[6] According to his account his mother had been shot while crossing the courtyard over to a bathroom and had no heard his warnings.[6] Nahida was shot three times,[6] once in the stomach. When Samar rushed out[6] and attempted to succour her fallen mother and drag her to safety, she in turn was shot in the head.[8][12] [13] The killings were observed directly by one of the resident nuns, Sister Nabila Saleh.[6] Over roughly the next ten minutes,[6] a further seven people were shot and wounded, among them Edward Anton, who was shot in the leg [6] and other family relatives- Dr.Elias, a surgeon, and a 16 year old cousin who attempted to help the downed couple.[8][b] or while trying to protect others inside the church compound. According to the Patriarchate, 'No warning was given, no notification was provided. They were shot in cold blood inside the premises of the Parish, where there are no belligerents.”[13][14] Both Hamas and the Patriarchate stated that an Israeli sniper had been responsible for killing the two women.[15]

The sister of one of the civilians in the compound told the BBC that those in the church were scared to leave for fear of being shot at, adding that "they believed the Israelis were shooting anything that moves".[16] Further fatalities occurred when the Israeli troops prevented medical aid from reaching the wounded.[17] The wounded had to wait until Christmas eve to be evacuated to the Anglican Al-Ahli Arab Hospital - which had already suffered severe damage frtom an explosion on 17 October [6]- where the required surgeries were not possible since many of the personel had been detained during an Israeli raid on Al-Ahli on 19 December, leaving the hospital understaffed.[6]

Investigation

Initially, the IDF stated that the incidents occurred during a blitz programmed to look for armaments in the area. [12]Following an internal investigation, the IDF said that Hamas had fired an RPG from the vicinity of the church, and that IDF soldiers had fired back and hit Hamas spotters,[18] while Catholic Church officials maintained there were no Palestinian belligerents in the area.[19] In January the IDF backtracked on its original conclusions, and that it would undertake a further examination of the incident.[6]

Reactions

The bombing of Saint Porphyrius Church on 19 October, the killing of the church organist Elham Farah in the street on 17 November 2023, together with the killing of Nahida and Samar by an Israeli sniper, the destruction of the Holy Rosary School by IDF soldiers and the serious damage caused to the house of the Missionaries of Charity, all contributed to aggravating the already strained relations between the Vatican and Israel. Pope Francis himself maintained a near daily telephone contact with the Catholic parish in Gaza.[20][page needed] Pope Francis condemned the attack and said: “Some would say ‘It is war. It is terrorism.’ Yes, it is war. It is terrorism". [21][22] This was the second time that the Pope had used the word “terrorism” while speaking of events in Gaza, [21][22] and angered some Israelis.{{|sfn|Robbins|2024}} The Archbishop of Westminster, Cardinal Vincent Nichols, the most senior Catholic figure in the United Kingdom, said: "They were shot in cold blood inside the premises of the Parish, where there are no belligerents."[23][24]

When the website of the Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem condemned the killing of the two women on 16 December, the Israeli ambassador to the Vatican lashed back accusing the patriarchate of engaging in blood libel.[20][page needed] Mitri Raheb, a Palestinian Lutheran pastor in Bethlehem, told reporters that the deaths were heartbreaking and that it made people angry, referencing other attacks by the IDF on Gaza's church's such as the Church of Saint Porphyrius attack which damaged Gaza's oldest Greek Orthodox church and killed at least 18 people.[15]

The Israeli military said it had not targeted the church and that church representatives had not mentioned an attack or civilian deaths when they spoke to the IDF on 16 December.[25] Deputy Mayor of Jerusalem Fleur Hassan-Nahoum, speaking on LBC, was asked about reports of snipers outside the church, and she responded by falsely claiming[26] there are no churches in Gaza and that Christians had been driven out by Hamas.[27] She later backtracked and confessed she had seen no reports.[28]

Italian Foreign Minister Antonio Tajani condemned the killings, saying: "An (Israeli) sniper shot two women inside a church. This has nothing to do with the fight against Hamas because the terrorists are certainly not hiding in Christian churches."[29] British member of Parliament, Layla Moran who has family members sheltering in the churches grounds spoke out about the attack and deaths on social media stating her family members were "beyond desperate and terrified."[15]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Layla Moran stated to The Independent:“I have been told white phosphorus was thrown into the compound, that the bin collector was shot dead as he tried to come into the compound, and that a janitor trying to fix a carpet was also shot.” Bel Trew adds that 'White phosphorus is an incendiary, used to create light and smokescreens during combat. Using it isn’t illegal but deploying it deliberately against civilians or in a civilian setting violates the rules of war. Israel says it complies with international law over its use.'[8]
  2. ^ '(Edward Anton's) father, his wife, and three nephews, aged twenty-four, sixteen, and fifteen, had all been injured, along with two others.'[6]

Citations

  1. ^ Vatican News 2023.
  2. ^ Palestine Chronicle 2023.
  3. ^ a b c d Chen 2023.
  4. ^ ToL 2023.
  5. ^ a b Romanelli 2023.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Robbins 2024.
  7. ^ Banco 2023.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h Trew 2023.
  9. ^ Ferretti 2024.
  10. ^ Pupella 2024.
  11. ^ LPJ 2023.
  12. ^ a b Miele 2023.
  13. ^ a b Berger, Bellware & Masih 2023.
  14. ^ King 2023.
  15. ^ a b c Da Silva 2023.
  16. ^ Snow 2023.
  17. ^ Analyst & Sayegh 2023.
  18. ^ "IDF again denies killing mother and daughter at Gaza church, cites Hamas fire in area". The Times of Israel. 21 December 2023.
  19. ^ Berger & Bellware 2023.
  20. ^ a b Sale, Giovanni; Neuhaus, David (2024). Israele e Palestina: Un Conflitto Senza Fine? [Israel and Palestine: A Conflict Without End?] (in Italian). Il Pellegrino Edizioni. ISBN 9791281620384. OCLC 1443068285.
  21. ^ a b McDougall 2023.
  22. ^ a b McCordick 2023.
  23. ^ Birrell, Donna (17 December 2023). "Cardinal Vincent Nichols expresses horror at 'callous' killings in Gaza's Catholic Church compound". Premier Christian Radio. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
  24. ^ Sherwood, Harriet (18 December 2023). "Cardinal condemns 'cold–blooded' killing of two women in Gaza church". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
  25. ^ "IDF refutes claim it targeted sole Catholic church in Gaza after 2 women said killed". The Times of Israel. 18 December 2023. Retrieved 21 December 2023.
  26. ^ "Deputy Mayor of Jerusalem sparks outrage with false claim: 'No Christians in Gaza'". Roya News. 22 December 2023.
  27. ^ "No Christians in Gaza, claims Jerusalem deputy mayor after Israeli army kills two women at church". LBC. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
  28. ^ "Jerusalem Deputy Mayor says 'there are no churches in Gaza' when asked about Israel's targeting of a church". Middle East Monitor. 19 December 2023.
  29. ^ "Gaza church killings at odds with war on Hamas, Italy tells Israel". Reuters. Retrieved 5 May 2023.

Sources

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