Gerald Eustace Howell Palmer (9 June 1904 – 7 February 1984) was a United Kingdom author, book translator, and Conservative Party politician. Palmer's work in translating the Philokalia, an Eastern Orthodox spiritual text, is still recognised in modern times with the popularity of that book.
Eastern Orthodox writings
editPalmer helped translate several Eastern Orthodox spiritual texts, the most notable being the Philokalia, a collaboration with Kallistos Ware and Philip Sherrard. They made available for the first time, in English, the bulk of that Eastern Orthodox text on the hesychasm tradition.[1] He also translated for English readers a book on Greek poetry, The Marble Threshing Floor (1956), a study of Dionysios Solomos, Costis Palamas, Constantin Cavafis, Angelos Sikelianos, and Giorgos Seferis.[2] Palmer's attraction to Eastern Orthodox teachings caused him to go on a pilgrimage in 1948 to Mount Athos, Greece, the center of Eastern Orthodox monasticism and inner spirituality. A chance meeting upon his arrival at Mt. Athos resulted in a meeting with a Fr. Nikon, who became Palmer's spiritual father, or starets in the Eastern Orthodox tradition. By 1950, Palmer officially joined the Orthodox Church. Palmer first translated, with Evgeniia Kadloubovsky, two small volumes of the Philokalia from the Russian. The publisher Faber and Faber was reluctant to publish such an obscure book, but one of their directors, T. S. Eliot, convinced them to do so based on his own deep impression of the spiritual teachings in that book. Faber and Faber finally relented, expecting to lose money, but instead found that it was a commercial success. In 1971, Palmer invited Ware and Sherrard to join him in a more complete translation of the Philokalia from the original Greek. Before Palmer's death in 1984, they were able to translate and publish four of the five volumes of the Philokalia.[1]
Palmer made almost yearly pilgrimages to Mt. Athos.[1]
Political career
editHe was Member of Parliament (MP) for Winchester from 1935 until his defeat at the 1945 general election by the Labour candidate George Jeger. He also played cricket for Berkshire in the Minor Counties Championship from 1925 to 1930.[3]
After losing his seat in parliament in the 1945 election, Palmer travelled to Mount Athos, which led to a deepening interest in Greek Orthodoxy. He spent much of the rest of his life working on translations of key Orthodox texts.
Committees
editPalmer served on the Council of Reading University from 1936 who awarded him an honorary Doctorate of Letters (D.Litt.) in 1957 before becoming its president in 1966. He was a Forestry Commissioner between 1963 and 1965.
Personal life
editBorn to Eustace Exall Palmer of Drayton House at Sherfield on Loddon in Hampshire, a director of Huntley & Palmers biscuits, and his wife, Madeline Mary Howell, at Reading in Berkshire.[4] Gerald Palmer was the grandson of Alfred Palmer (1852–1936) who had graduated with a Doctor of Science (D.Sc.). He too was President of the Council of the University of Reading. Alfred was also director of Huntley & Palmer's biscuits, a county magistrate then High Sheriff in 1905 and lived at Wokefield Park; his father in turn was George Palmer MP.[5]
He was educated at Winchester College, Hampshire then New College, Oxford. He was Private Secretary to the Prime Minister in 1935 and also that year a Parliamentary Private Secretary (PPS) to the Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State to the Home Office in 1935. He fought in World War II and was mentioned in despatches. He gained the rank of captain in the service of the Royal Artillery. He was jointly PPS to the Secretary of State Colonies in 1942 and the Lord Privy Seal.[5] His brother was the cricketer Rodney Palmer.
He died in 1984 at his home, Bussock Mayne at Winterbourne near Newbury in Berkshire.
Partial list of works
edit- Palmer, G. E. H.; Makarios, Saint Metropolitan of Corinth; Nicodemus, the Hagiorite Saint; E Kadloubovsky (1951). Writings from the Philokalia on prayer of the heart. London: Faber and Faber.[6]
- Palmer, G. E. H.; Makarios, Saint Metropolitan of Corinth; Nicodemus, the Hagiorite Saint; E Kadloubovsky (1954). Early Fathers from the Philokalia : together with some writings of St. Abba Dorotheus, St. Isaac of Syria, and St. Gregory Palamas. London: Faber and Faber.[6]
- Palmer, G. E. H.; Makarios, Saint Metropolitan of Corinth; Nicodemus, the Hagiorite Saint; E Kadloubovsky (1952). Unseen warfare : the 'Spiritual combat' and 'Path to Paradise' of Lorenzo Scupoli. London: Faber and Faber.[6]
- Palmer, G. E. H.; Kallistos Ware; Philip Sherrard (1973–2023). Philokalia: The Complete Text. London: Faber and Faber.[6]
Notes
edit- ^ a b c Ware, Kallistos (2008). "Two British Pilgrims to the Holy Mountain: Gerald Palmer and Philip Sherrard". In René Gothóni, Graham Speake (ed.). The Monastic Magnet: Roads to and from Mount Athos. Peter Lang. pp. 144–153. ISBN 978-3-03911-337-8.
- ^ Patrick Comerford. "Stratis the Mariner finds landfall in English George Seferis: Complete Poems, ed. Edmund Keeley and Philip Sherrard, Anvil Press, 296pp, 9.95 in UK." The Irish Times. 1995. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 31 March 2002. Retrieved 11 January 2019.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link). - ^ "Player profile: Gerald Palmer". CricketArchive. Retrieved 21 November 2011.
- ^ Births Sep 1904 volume 2c page 348
- ^ a b Rootsweb World Connect
- ^ a b c d "Palmer, G. E. H. (Gerald Eustace Howell) 1904–". WorldCat. Retrieved 7 September 2012.
References
edit- Craig, F. W. S. (1983) [1969]. British parliamentary election results 1918–1949 (3rd ed.). Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. ISBN 0-900178-06-X.
- Leigh Rayment's Peerage Pages [self-published source] [better source needed]