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A U.S. [[Defense Intelligence Agency]] assessment in the first half of 1998 said that the Army's armour and artillery units were at low readiness levels due to 'severely reduced' training, generally incapable of mounting effective operations above the battalion level, and that equipment was mostly in storage and unavailable at short notice.<ref>Bryan Bender, 'DIA expresses concern over Cuban intelligence activity', [[Jane's Defence Weekly]], 13 May 1998, p.7</ref> The same report said that Cuban special operations forces continue to train but on a smaller scale than beforehand, and that while the lack of replacement parts for its existing equipment and the current severe shortage of fuel were increasingly affecting operational capabilities, Cuba remained able to offer considerable resistance to any [[regional power]].<ref name="CIA - The World Factbook - Cuba">[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/cu.html#Military"]</ref>
===2002 Organisation
In 1999 the Revolutionary Army (Ejercito Revolucionario) represented approximately 70 percent of Cuba's regular military manpower. According to the IISS, the Army's estimated 45,000 troops included 39,000 members of the Ready Reserves who were completing the forty-five days of annual active-duty service necessary for maintaining their status, as well as conscripts who were fulfilling their military service requirement<ref>http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/pdf/CS_Cuba.pdf</ref>.
The IISS reported in 1999 that the army's troop formations consisted of four to five armored brigades; nine mechanized infantry brigades; an airborne brigade; fourteen reserve brigades; and the Border Brigade. In addition, there is an air defense artillery regiment and a surface-to-air missile brigade. Each of the three territorial armies is believed to be assigned at least one armored brigade-usually attached to the army's headquarters-as well as a mechanized infantry brigade. As well, it is known that the Border Brigade in Guantanamo and at least one ground artillery regiment (attached to a mechanized infantry brigade), based in Las Tunas, are under the Eastern Army's command<ref>http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/pdf/CS_Cuba.pdf</ref>.
===1996 Organisation===
There are estimated to be 38,000 army personnel.<ref name="ReferenceA"/> As of 1996, according to [[Jane's Information Group]], the army is organized into three Territorial Military Commands with three Armies, one army for each command.<ref>http://web.archive.org/web/20080112102807/cubapolidata.com/cafr/cafr_military_regions.html</ref>
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