повинен
Ukrainian
editEtymology
editInherited from Old Ukrainian повиненъ, повыненъ (povinen, povynen), from Old East Slavic повиньнъ (povinĭnŭ), the sense "obligated, ought" may have been reinforced by Old Polish powinien, as it was uncommon in Old East Slavic. By surface analysis, по (po) + вина́ (vyná) + -ен (-en). Cognate with Belarusian паві́нен (pavínjen), Polish powinien.
Pronunciation
editPredicative
editпови́нен • (povýnen) (feminine пови́нна, neuter пови́нне, plural пови́нні)
- must (+ infinitive)
- should, ought to (+ infinitive)
- have to (+ infinitive)
- (rare) owe, obligated, obliged, indebted (to somebody: + dative case)
Usage notes
editIn all tenses with the exception of the present tense, the appropriate forms of the verb бу́ти (búty) are used.
Related terms
edit- пови́нний (povýnnyj)
- пови́нність f (povýnnistʹ)
Further reading
edit- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “повинен”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “повинен”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
- A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “повинен”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
- “повинен”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
- “повинен”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
- “повинен”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
Categories:
- Ukrainian terms inherited from Old Ukrainian
- Ukrainian terms derived from Old Ukrainian
- Ukrainian terms inherited from Old East Slavic
- Ukrainian terms derived from Old East Slavic
- Ukrainian terms derived from Old Polish
- Ukrainian compound terms
- Ukrainian terms suffixed with -ен
- Ukrainian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ukrainian terms with audio links
- Ukrainian lemmas
- Ukrainian predicatives
- Ukrainian terms with rare senses