Andreapolsky District: Difference between revisions
→History: this link is apparently dead |
|||
| Line 80: | Line 80: | ||
In the course of the [[administrative divisions of Russia in 1708–1710|administrative reform]] carried out in 1708 by [[Peter the Great]], the area was included into [[Saint Petersburg Governorate|Ingermanlandia Governorate]] (since 1710 known as Saint Petersburg Governorate), and in 1727 [[Novgorod Governorate]] split off. In 1772, Ostashkov was granted town status, and [[Ostashkovsky Uyezd]] of Novgorod Governorate was established, with the seat in [[Ostashkov]]. The area on the left bank of the Western Dvina was included into Ostashkovsky Uyezd. In 1775, [[Tver Viceroyalty]] was formed from the lands which previously belonged to [[Moscow Governorate|Moscow]] and Novgorod Governorates, and this area was transferred to Tver Viceroyalty, which in 1796 was transformed to [[Tver Governorate]].<ref name="admtv">{{cite book|last1=Малыгин|first1=П. Д.|last2=Смирнов|first2=С. Н.|title=История административно-территориального деления Тверской Области|url=http://geoportal.tversu.ru/Atlas/tutorial/History_TO_divisions.pdf|year=2007|location=Tver|isbn=5-94205-049-7|ignore-isbn-error=true|page=14-15}}</ref> Also in 1772, as a result of the [[First Partition of Poland]], [[Pskov Governorate]] was created, and the areas on the right bank of the Western Dvina were included into [[Toropetsky Uyezd]] of Pskov Governorate. In 1777, Pskov Governorate was transformed into Pskov Viceroyalty, and in 1796, the viceroyalty was abolished, and Pskov Governorate was restored.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.runivers.ru/doc/territory/366380/|title=Псковская губерния|publisher=Руниверс|language=Russian|accessdate=4 December 2015}}</ref> |
In the course of the [[administrative divisions of Russia in 1708–1710|administrative reform]] carried out in 1708 by [[Peter the Great]], the area was included into [[Saint Petersburg Governorate|Ingermanlandia Governorate]] (since 1710 known as Saint Petersburg Governorate), and in 1727 [[Novgorod Governorate]] split off. In 1772, Ostashkov was granted town status, and [[Ostashkovsky Uyezd]] of Novgorod Governorate was established, with the seat in [[Ostashkov]]. The area on the left bank of the Western Dvina was included into Ostashkovsky Uyezd. In 1775, [[Tver Viceroyalty]] was formed from the lands which previously belonged to [[Moscow Governorate|Moscow]] and Novgorod Governorates, and this area was transferred to Tver Viceroyalty, which in 1796 was transformed to [[Tver Governorate]].<ref name="admtv">{{cite book|last1=Малыгин|first1=П. Д.|last2=Смирнов|first2=С. Н.|title=История административно-территориального деления Тверской Области|url=http://geoportal.tversu.ru/Atlas/tutorial/History_TO_divisions.pdf|year=2007|location=Tver|isbn=5-94205-049-7|ignore-isbn-error=true|page=14-15}}</ref> Also in 1772, as a result of the [[First Partition of Poland]], [[Pskov Governorate]] was created, and the areas on the right bank of the Western Dvina were included into [[Toropetsky Uyezd]] of Pskov Governorate. In 1777, Pskov Governorate was transformed into Pskov Viceroyalty, and in 1796, the viceroyalty was abolished, and Pskov Governorate was restored.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.runivers.ru/doc/territory/366380/|title=Псковская губерния|publisher=Руниверс|language=Russian|accessdate=4 December 2015}}</ref> |
||
Between 1810 and 1843, a spa resort was operating in Andreapol.<ref name="litkarta"/> Between 1904 and 1907, the construction of the railroad to Bologoye was completed. |
Between 1810 and 1843, a spa resort was operating in Andreapol, at the time Adreyano Pole.<ref name="litkarta"/> Between 1904 and 1907, the construction of the railroad to Bologoye was completed. In 1906, the station of Andreapol was opened, and the [[Village#Russia|selo]] of Andreapol, which included villages of Dubna, Andreyano Pole, and Gorka, was established.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tsma.tver.ru/history/2009-08-21-06-05-14?start=1|title=История Андреапольского района|publisher=Andreapolsky District Administration|language=Russian|accessdate=4 December 2015}}</ref> |
||
==Economy== |
==Economy== |
||
Revision as of 18:23, 4 December 2015
Andreapolsky District
Андреапольский район | |
|---|---|
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
 Location of Andreapolsky District in Tver Oblast | |
| Coordinates: 56°39′N 32°16′E / 56.650°N 32.267°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Tver Oblast[1] |
| Established | 1965 |
| Administrative center | Andreapol[1] |
| Area | |
| • Total | 3,051 km2 (1,178 sq mi) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 13,756 |
| • Density | 4.5/km2 (12/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 60.2% |
| • Rural | 39.8% |
| Administrative structure | |
| • Administrative divisions | 1 Urban settlements, 7 Rural settlements |
| • Inhabited localities | 1 cities/towns, 251 rural localities |
| Municipal structure | |
| • Municipally incorporated as | Andreapolsky Municipal District[3] |
| • Municipal divisions[4] | 1 urban settlements, 7 rural settlements |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK [5]) |
| OKTMO ID | 28602000 |
| Website | http://tsma.tver.ru/ |
Andreapolsky District (Russian: Андреа́польский райо́н) is an administrative[1] and municipal[3] district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Tver Oblast, Russia. It is located in the Valdai Hills in the west of the oblast and borders with Maryovsky District of Novgorod Oblast in the north, Penovsky District in the northeast, Selizharovsky District in the east, Nelidovsky District in the south, Zapadnodvinsky District in the southwest, Toropetsky District in the west, and with Kholmsky District of Novgorod Oblast in the northwest. The area of the district is 3,051 square kilometers (1,178 sq mi).[citation needed] Its administrative center is the town of Andreapol.[1] Population: 13,756 (2010 Census);[2] 16,213 (2002 Census);[6] 17,900 (1989 Soviet census).[7] The population of Andreapol accounts for 60.2% of the district's total population.[2]
Geography
The area of Andreapolsky District is shared between the drainage basins of the Neva, the Western Dvina, and the Volga, and thus the divide between the basins of the Atlantic Ocean and the Caspian Sea runs through the district. The northwestern part of the district belongs to the drainage basin of the Lovat River, a major tributary of Lake Ilmen. The rivers in the central part of the district drain into the Daugava, or the Western Dvina as it is known in Russia. The source of the Western Dvina is located in the district. This area contains a large lake district in the southwestern outskirts of the Valdai Hills. The biggest lakes are Lake Luchanskoye and Lake Brosno. The southeastern part of the district belongs to the drainage basin of the Zhukopa River, a tributary of the Volga.
The southern part of the district belongs to the Central Forest Nature Reserve, a protected area created to preserve conifer forest with the corresponding plants and animals, including the Eurasian brown bear, in the upper course of the Western Dvina.[8]
History
The area of the district in the Middle Ages was interchangeably under control of the Novgorod Republic, Principality of Smolensk, and the Lithuania. In 1335, the war between Lithuania and the Grand Duchy of Moscow started, and in the beginning of the 15th century the area was transferred to the Grand Duchy of Moscow. The Dubna Volost, currently a part of the town of Andreapol, was mentioned in the chronicles in 1489. After several wars between Moscow and Lithuania, during which the area was transferred to Lithuania and back, it was in 1508 again included to the Grand Duchy of Moscow.[9]
In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, the area was included into Ingermanlandia Governorate (since 1710 known as Saint Petersburg Governorate), and in 1727 Novgorod Governorate split off. In 1772, Ostashkov was granted town status, and Ostashkovsky Uyezd of Novgorod Governorate was established, with the seat in Ostashkov. The area on the left bank of the Western Dvina was included into Ostashkovsky Uyezd. In 1775, Tver Viceroyalty was formed from the lands which previously belonged to Moscow and Novgorod Governorates, and this area was transferred to Tver Viceroyalty, which in 1796 was transformed to Tver Governorate.[10] Also in 1772, as a result of the First Partition of Poland, Pskov Governorate was created, and the areas on the right bank of the Western Dvina were included into Toropetsky Uyezd of Pskov Governorate. In 1777, Pskov Governorate was transformed into Pskov Viceroyalty, and in 1796, the viceroyalty was abolished, and Pskov Governorate was restored.[11]
Between 1810 and 1843, a spa resort was operating in Andreapol, at the time Adreyano Pole.[9] Between 1904 and 1907, the construction of the railroad to Bologoye was completed. In 1906, the station of Andreapol was opened, and the selo of Andreapol, which included villages of Dubna, Andreyano Pole, and Gorka, was established.[12]
Economy
Industry
Forests cover around 70% of the district. As a result, the logging industry is a substantial source of revenue. Another developed industry is agriculture. There is also a porcelain production plant in Andreapol, as well as a number of food industry enterprises.[13]
Agriculture
The main agricultural specialization of the district is cattle breeding with meat and milk production. Milk can not be processed in the district and is transported for processing in surrounding districts. Crops growing, mainly for fodder.[14]
Transportation
The railway connecting Bologoye with Velikiye Luki crosses the district from northwest to southeast. Andreapol is the main railway station within the district. There is infrequent passenger traffic.
A paved road connecting Ostashkov with Zapadnaya Dvina via Peno and Andreapol crosses the district from east to west. There are local roads as well. There is bus traffic in the district.
Ecology
The extensive commercial logging has had a negative impact on the environment.
Culture and recreation
The district contains two cultural heritage monuments of federal significance and additionally 108 objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance (three of them located in Andreapol). The federal monuments are the Trinity Church in the settlement of Lugi (1764), as well as an archeological monument.[15]
There is a local museum in Andreapol.[16]
References
Notes
- ^ a b c d Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 28 202», в ред. изменения №278/2015 от 1 января 2016 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division (OKATO). Code 28 202, as amended by the Amendment #278/2015 of January 1, 2016. ).
- ^ a b c Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ a b Law #4-ZO
- ^ Law #17-ZO
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ Центрально-Лесной Биосферный резерват (in Russian). Особо охраняемые природные территории России. Retrieved December 4, 2015.
- ^ a b "Андреапольский район" (in Russian). Тверская ОУНБ им. А.М. Горького. Retrieved December 4, 2015.
- ^ Малыгин, П. Д.; Смирнов, С. Н. (2007). История административно-территориального деления Тверской Области (PDF). Tver. p. 14-15. ISBN 5-94205-049-7.
{{cite book}}: Check|isbn=value: checksum (help); Unknown parameter|ignore-isbn-error=ignored (|isbn=suggested) (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ "Псковская губерния" (in Russian). Руниверс. Retrieved December 4, 2015.
- ^ "История Андреапольского района" (in Russian). Andreapolsky District Administration. Retrieved December 4, 2015.
- ^ "Промышленность, АПК" (in Russian). Andreapolsky District Administration. Retrieved November 18, 2015.
- ^ "Агропромышленный комплекс Андреапольского района" (in Russian). Andreapolsky District Administration. Retrieved November 18, 2015.
- ^ Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved February 3, 2015.
- ^ "Андреапольский районный краеведческий музей" (in Russian). museum.ru. Retrieved December 1, 2015.
Sources
- Законодательное Собрание Тверской области. Закон №4-ЗО от 18 января 2005 г. «Об установлении границ муниципальных образований Тверской области и наделении их статусом городских округов, муниципальных районов», в ред. Закона №65-ЗО от 24 июля 2012 г. «О внесении изменения в статью 2 Закона Тверской области "Об установлении границ муниципальных образований Тверской области и наделении их статусом городских округов, муниципальных районов"». Вступил в силу через десять дней после официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Тверские ведомости", №3, 21–27 января 2005 г. (Legislative Assembly of Tver Oblast. Law #4-ZO of January 18, 2005 On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations of Tver Oblast and on Granting Them the Status of Urban Okrugs, Municipal Districts, as amended by the Law #65-ZO of July 24, 2012 On Amending Article 2 of the Law of Tver Oblast "On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations of Tver Oblast and on Granting Them the Status of Urban Okrugs, Municipal Districts". Effective as of the day which is ten days after the official publication.).
- Законодательное Собрание Тверской области. Закон №17-ЗО от 28 февраля 2005 г. «Об установлении границ муниципальных образований, входящих в состав территории муниципального образования Тверской области "Андреапольский район", и наделении их статусом городского, сельского поселения». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Тверские ведомости", №10, 11–17 марта 2005 г. (Legislative Assembly of Tver Oblast. Law #17-ZO of February 28, 2005 On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations Comprised by the Territory of the Municipal Formation of "Andreapolsky District" and on Granting Them the Status of Urban and Rural Settlements. Effective as of the day of the official publication.).