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'''Ibrahim Khalil khan Javanshir''' (1730-1806) was the [[Turkish]] or [[Azerbaijani people‎|Azeri]]{{Dubious}} [[khan]] of [[Karabakh]] of the [[Javanshir]] family,<ref>''This province was at that time the hereditary fief of the Turkish clan of Djewanshir (...) Its chiefs were called from father to son alternately Panah and Ibrahim Khalil;'' M. Th. Houtsma, E. van Donzel. E.J. [http://books.google.com/books?pg=PA727&dq=Ibrahim+Khalil+khan&id=7CP7fYghBFQC&output=html Brill's first encyclopaedia of Islam 1913-1936]. BRILL, p. 727. ISBN 9004097902, 9789004097902</ref><ref>''Although written in Persian, the work of Mirza Jamal Javanshir (1773/4-1853) is actually a product of Azeri historiography: its author being an Azeri noble of the Javanshir tribe, who began his lengthy career as a scribe in the service of Ebrahim, the Azeri khan of Karabakh''. Robert H. Hewsen. Review of George A. Bournoutian, A History of Qarabagh: An Annotated Translation of Mirza Jamal Javanshir Qarabaghi's Tarikh-e Qarabagh, in Journal of the Society for Armenian Studies: JSAS, 1995, p. 270</ref><ref>Nikolas K. Gvosdev. Imperial policies and perspectives towards Georgia, 1760-1819. St. Martin's Press in association with St. Antony's College, Oxford, 2000. ISBN 0312229909, 9780312229900</ref> who succeeded his father [[Panah-Ali khan Javanshir]] as the ruler of [[Karabakh khanate]].
'''Ibrahim Khalil khan Javanshir''' (1730-1806) was the [[Azerbaijani people‎|Azeri]]<ref>''Although written in Persian, the work of Mirza Jamal Javanshir (1773/4-1853) is actually a product of Azeri historiography: its author being an Azeri noble of the Javanshir tribe, who began his lengthy career as a scribe in the service of Ebrahim, the Azeri khan of Karabakh''. Robert H. Hewsen. Review of George A. Bournoutian, A History of Qarabagh: An Annotated Translation of Mirza Jamal Javanshir Qarabaghi's Tarikh-e Qarabagh, in Journal of the Society for Armenian Studies: JSAS, 1995, p. 270</ref><ref>Nikolas K. Gvosdev. Imperial policies and perspectives towards Georgia, 1760-1819. St. Martin's Press in association with St. Antony's College, Oxford, 2000. ISBN 0312229909, 9780312229900</ref> [[Turkish]] [[khan]] of [[Karabakh]] of the [[Javanshir]] family,<ref>''This province was at that time the hereditary fief of the Turkish clan of Djewanshir (...) Its chiefs were called from father to son alternately Panah and Ibrahim Khalil;'' M. Th. Houtsma, E. van Donzel. E.J. [http://books.google.com/books?pg=PA727&dq=Ibrahim+Khalil+khan&id=7CP7fYghBFQC&output=html Brill's first encyclopaedia of Islam 1913-1936]. BRILL, p. 727. ISBN 9004097902, 9789004097902</ref> who succeeded his father [[Panah-Ali khan Javanshir]] as the ruler of [[Karabakh khanate]].


In [[1795]] [[Mohammad Khan Qajar|Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar]] attacked that region. Qajar's goal was to end the feudal fragmentation and to restore the old [[Safavid]] State in Iran. Khans of [[Ganja khanate|Ganja]], [[Nakhchivan khanate|Nakhjavan]], and [[Erivan khanate|Erevan]] submitted, but Ibrahim Khan did not. In a battle, he was defeated and retreated to the [[Shusha]] fortress. After a prolonged siege Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar failed to seize the fortress, and left the region. By a verbal truce Ibrahim Khan acknowledged Qajar supremacy and was permitted to continue to rule as khan of Karabakh.
In [[1795]] [[Mohammad Khan Qajar|Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar]] attacked that region. Qajar's goal was to end the feudal fragmentation and to restore the old [[Safavid]] State in Iran. Khans of [[Ganja khanate|Ganja]], [[Nakhchivan khanate|Nakhjavan]], and [[Erivan khanate|Erevan]] submitted, but Ibrahim Khan did not. In a battle, he was defeated and retreated to the [[Shusha]] fortress. After a prolonged siege Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar failed to seize the fortress, and left the region. By a verbal truce Ibrahim Khan acknowledged Qajar supremacy and was permitted to continue to rule as khan of Karabakh.

Revision as of 14:58, 21 March 2009

Ibrahim Khalil khan Javanshir (1730-1806) was the Azeri[1][2] Turkish khan of Karabakh of the Javanshir family,[3] who succeeded his father Panah-Ali khan Javanshir as the ruler of Karabakh khanate.

In 1795 Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar attacked that region. Qajar's goal was to end the feudal fragmentation and to restore the old Safavid State in Iran. Khans of Ganja, Nakhjavan, and Erevan submitted, but Ibrahim Khan did not. In a battle, he was defeated and retreated to the Shusha fortress. After a prolonged siege Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar failed to seize the fortress, and left the region. By a verbal truce Ibrahim Khan acknowledged Qajar supremacy and was permitted to continue to rule as khan of Karabakh.

In 1796 Following Agha Mohammad Khan's return to Persia proper, Catherine the Great ordered her army to conquer the Caucasus. Ibrahim began negotiating with the Russian commanders and agreed to cooperate with them in exchange for maintaining his rule in Karabakh. Soon after Catherine the Great died Paul abandoned her plans for the region and recalled the Russian troops.

In 1797 Aga Mohammad Khan, angered by the betrayal of Ibrahim Khalil Khan and other khans in the Caucasus, attacked Shusha and captured it. Ibrahim fled to his in-laws in Dagestan. Five days after the conquest of Shusha, Agha Mohammad Khan was assassinated in that city.

During Russo-Persian War (1804-1813), General Tsitsianov promised that Russia would recognize Ibrahim Khan as khan and agreed that Ibrahim's elder son would succeed his father, and Kurekchay Treaty between Russia and Karabakh was signed on May 14, 1805. Tsitsianov then occupied Shusha and left a Russian garrison there in 1805. Tsitsianov's death in 1806 and the breakup of the Russian offensive persuaded Ibrahim Khalil Khan to switch his allegiance and to ask the shah's aid in ousting the Russian garnison. The Persian army approached Shusha, and Ibrahim Khan left the fortress and camped outside. On 2 June 1806 the Russians instigated by Ibrahim Khalil Khan's grandson and fearful of their own vulnerability, attacked the camp and killed Ibrahim Khan, one of his wives, a daughter, and his youngest son.[4][5][6].

References

  1. ^ Although written in Persian, the work of Mirza Jamal Javanshir (1773/4-1853) is actually a product of Azeri historiography: its author being an Azeri noble of the Javanshir tribe, who began his lengthy career as a scribe in the service of Ebrahim, the Azeri khan of Karabakh. Robert H. Hewsen. Review of George A. Bournoutian, A History of Qarabagh: An Annotated Translation of Mirza Jamal Javanshir Qarabaghi's Tarikh-e Qarabagh, in Journal of the Society for Armenian Studies: JSAS, 1995, p. 270
  2. ^ Nikolas K. Gvosdev. Imperial policies and perspectives towards Georgia, 1760-1819. St. Martin's Press in association with St. Antony's College, Oxford, 2000. ISBN 0312229909, 9780312229900
  3. ^ This province was at that time the hereditary fief of the Turkish clan of Djewanshir (...) Its chiefs were called from father to son alternately Panah and Ibrahim Khalil; M. Th. Houtsma, E. van Donzel. E.J. Brill's first encyclopaedia of Islam 1913-1936. BRILL, p. 727. ISBN 9004097902, 9789004097902
  4. ^ BOURNOUTIAN, GEORGE. "EBRAHÈM KHALÈL KHAN JAVANSHER". Encyclopedia Iranica. Retrieved 2008-02-07.
  5. ^ Encyclopaedia Brittanica Online: History of Azerbaijan
  6. ^ Abbas-gulu Aga Bakikhanov. Golestan-i Iram
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