以外

Chinese

		to use; according to; so as to to use; according to; so as to; in order to; by; with; because; Israel (abbrev.)	outside; in addition; foreign outside; in addition; foreign; external
trad. (以外)		以	外
simp. #(以外)		以	外

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yǐwài

  (Zhuyin): ㄧˇ ㄨㄞˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ji⁵ ngoi⁶
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): yî-ngoi

  (Hailu, HRS): rhi^ˋ ngoi^˖

• Northern Min (KCR): ǐ-ngṳē
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): í-gōa / í-gōe

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yǐwài
    • Zhuyin: ㄧˇ ㄨㄞˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yǐwài
    • Wade–Giles: i³-wai⁴
    • Yale: yǐ-wài
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yiiway
    • Palladius: ивай (ivaj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /i²¹⁴⁻²¹ waɪ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: ji⁵ ngoi⁶
    • Yale: yíh ngoih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ji⁵ ngoi⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: yi⁵ ngoi⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiː¹³ ŋɔːi̯²²/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yî-ngoi
    • Hakka Romanization System: i^ˊ ngoi
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yi¹ ngoi⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /i²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋoi̯⁵⁵/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yî-ngoi
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)i^ˊ ngoi
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yi¹ ngoi⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /(j)i²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋoi̯⁵⁵/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: rhi^ˋ ngoi^˖
    • Sinological IPA: /ʒi⁵³ ŋoi³³/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ǐ-ngṳē
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /i²¹ ŋyɛ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: í-gōa
    • Tâi-lô: í-guā
    • Phofsit Daibuun: y'goa
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /i⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡua³³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡua³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡua²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /i⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡua⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: í-gōe
    • Tâi-lô: í-guē
    • Phofsit Daibuun: y'goe
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡue²²/

Postposition

以外

1. apart from; other than; except for; beyond; excluding; in addition

Synonyms

• 之外 (zhīwài)

Derived terms

• 除了……以外 (chúle...yǐwài)

Adjective

以外

1. external

Related terms

• 額外／额外 (éwài)
• 另外 (lìngwài)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (以外):

• → Japanese: 以外(いがい) (igai)
• → Korean: 이외(以外) (ioe)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
以	外
い Grade: 4	がい Grade: 2
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) いがい [íꜜgàì] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [iɡa̠i]

Postposition

以(い)外(がい) • (igai) 

1. apart from; excepting (something)

   関(かん)係(けい)者(しゃ)以(い)外(がい)立(たち)入(いり)禁(きん)止(し)

   kankeisha igai tachīri kinshi

   authorized personnel only

   (literally, “entry is forbidden except for related persons”)

Antonyms

• 以(い)内(ない) (inai)