From 870cad604d37588beae3e6bff7e40bf0a07aab8a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: dinishajais <dinishajais3010@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 25 Jul 2025 01:45:27 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 1/3] Refactoring compareTo() to SortUtils methods

---
 .../java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java   | 2 +-
 .../java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/BinaryInsertionSort.java | 2 +-
 src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/BitonicSort.java    | 2 +-
 src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/BucketSort.java     | 4 ++--
 src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/CircleSort.java     | 4 ++--
 .../com/thealgorithms/sorts/DutchNationalFlagSort.java    | 4 ++--
 src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/ExchangeSort.java   | 2 +-
 .../java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/IntrospectiveSort.java   | 8 ++++----
 src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/OddEvenSort.java    | 4 ++--
 src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/SelectionSort.java  | 2 +-
 .../com/thealgorithms/sorts/SelectionSortRecursive.java   | 2 +-
 src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java     | 2 +-
 12 files changed, 19 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java
index 2c71bae8b557..09ea349875ac 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ private <T extends Comparable<T>> void merge(T[] array, T[] aux, int low, int mi
                 array[k] = aux[j++];
             } else if (j > high) {
                 array[k] = aux[i++];
-            } else if (aux[j].compareTo(aux[i]) < 0) {
+            } else if (SortUtils.less(aux[j], aux[i])) {
                 array[k] = aux[j++];
             } else {
                 array[k] = aux[i++];
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/BinaryInsertionSort.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/BinaryInsertionSort.java
index b6f5d92e7928..b8086bd0ebca 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/BinaryInsertionSort.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/BinaryInsertionSort.java
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ public <T extends Comparable<T>> T[] sort(T[] array) {
 
             while (low <= high) {
                 final int mid = (low + high) >>> 1;
-                if (temp.compareTo(array[mid]) < 0) {
+                if (SortUtils.less(temp, array[mid])) {
                     high = mid - 1;
                 } else {
                     low = mid + 1;
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/BitonicSort.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/BitonicSort.java
index 90d204818729..3416c6f7a6a9 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/BitonicSort.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/BitonicSort.java
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ private <T extends Comparable<T>> void bitonicMerge(T[] array, int low, int cnt,
         if (cnt > 1) {
             final int k = cnt / 2;
 
-            final BiPredicate<T, T> areSorted = (direction == Direction.ASCENDING) ? (a, b) -> a.compareTo(b) < 0 : (a, b) -> a.compareTo(b) > 0;
+            final BiPredicate<T, T> areSorted = (direction == Direction.ASCENDING) ? (a, b) -> (SortUtils.less(a, b)) : (a, b) -> (SortUtils.greater(a, b));
             for (int i = low; i < low + k; i++) {
                 if (!areSorted.test(array[i], array[i + k])) {
                     SortUtils.swap(array, i, i + k);
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/BucketSort.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/BucketSort.java
index 62c5e929593b..49651692f5d7 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/BucketSort.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/BucketSort.java
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ private <T extends Comparable<T>> int hash(final T element, final T min, final T
     private <T extends Comparable<T>> T findMin(T[] array) {
         T min = array[0];
         for (T element : array) {
-            if (element.compareTo(min) < 0) {
+            if (SortUtils.less(element, min)) {
                 min = element;
             }
         }
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ private <T extends Comparable<T>> T findMin(T[] array) {
     private <T extends Comparable<T>> T findMax(T[] array) {
         T max = array[0];
         for (T element : array) {
-            if (element.compareTo(max) > 0) {
+            if (SortUtils.greater(element,max)) {
                 max = element;
             }
         }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/CircleSort.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/CircleSort.java
index b9b41be16701..e7612d34341f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/CircleSort.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/CircleSort.java
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ private <T extends Comparable<T>> boolean doSort(final T[] array, final int left
         int high = right;
 
         while (low < high) {
-            if (array[low].compareTo(array[high]) > 0) {
+            if (SortUtils.greater(array[low], array[high])) {
                 SortUtils.swap(array, low, high);
                 swapped = true;
             }
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ private <T extends Comparable<T>> boolean doSort(final T[] array, final int left
             high--;
         }
 
-        if (low == high && array[low].compareTo(array[high + 1]) > 0) {
+        if (low == high && (SortUtils.greater(array[low], array[high + 1]))) {
             SortUtils.swap(array, low, high + 1);
             swapped = true;
         }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/DutchNationalFlagSort.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/DutchNationalFlagSort.java
index abfcb452b29a..f7e12da06568 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/DutchNationalFlagSort.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/DutchNationalFlagSort.java
@@ -26,11 +26,11 @@ private <T extends Comparable<T>> T[] dutchNationalFlagSort(final T[] array, fin
         int k = array.length - 1;
 
         while (j <= k) {
-            if (0 > array[j].compareTo(intendedMiddle)) {
+            if (SortUtils.less(array[j], intendedMiddle)) {
                 SortUtils.swap(array, i, j);
                 j++;
                 i++;
-            } else if (0 < array[j].compareTo(intendedMiddle)) {
+            } else if (SortUtils.greater(array[j], intendedMiddle)) {
                 SortUtils.swap(array, j, k);
                 k--;
             } else {
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/ExchangeSort.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/ExchangeSort.java
index 67e94b889671..e2c3636aa76f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/ExchangeSort.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/ExchangeSort.java
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ class ExchangeSort implements SortAlgorithm {
     public <T extends Comparable<T>> T[] sort(T[] array) {
         for (int i = 0; i < array.length - 1; i++) {
             for (int j = i + 1; j < array.length; j++) {
-                if (array[i].compareTo(array[j]) > 0) {
+                if (SortUtils.greater(array[i], array[j])){
                     SortUtils.swap(array, i, j);
                 }
             }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/IntrospectiveSort.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/IntrospectiveSort.java
index 12ef197b931b..6b42a440e3c0 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/IntrospectiveSort.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/IntrospectiveSort.java
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ private static <T extends Comparable<T>> int partition(T[] array, final int low,
         final T pivot = array[high];
         int i = low - 1;
         for (int j = low; j < high; j++) {
-            if (array[j].compareTo(pivot) <= 0) {
+            if (SortUtils.greaterOrEqual(pivot, array[j])) {
                 i++;
                 SortUtils.swap(array, i, j);
             }
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ private static <T extends Comparable<T>> void insertionSort(T[] array, final int
         for (int i = low + 1; i <= high; i++) {
             final T key = array[i];
             int j = i - 1;
-            while (j >= low && array[j].compareTo(key) > 0) {
+            while (j >= low && (SortUtils.greater(array[j], key))) {
                 array[j + 1] = array[j];
                 j--;
             }
@@ -125,10 +125,10 @@ private static <T extends Comparable<T>> void heapify(T[] array, final int i, fi
         final int right = 2 * i + 2;
         int largest = i;
 
-        if (left < n && array[low + left].compareTo(array[low + largest]) > 0) {
+        if (left < n && (SortUtils.greater(array[low + left], array[low + largest]))) {
             largest = left;
         }
-        if (right < n && array[low + right].compareTo(array[low + largest]) > 0) {
+        if (right < n && (SortUtils.greater(array[low + right], array[low + largest]))) {
             largest = right;
         }
         if (largest != i) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/OddEvenSort.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/OddEvenSort.java
index ac94982c1474..b854842e9645 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/OddEvenSort.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/OddEvenSort.java
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ public <T extends Comparable<T>> T[] sort(T[] array) {
     private <T extends Comparable<T>> boolean performOddSort(T[] array) {
         boolean sorted = true;
         for (int i = 1; i < array.length - 1; i += 2) {
-            if (array[i].compareTo(array[i + 1]) > 0) {
+            if (SortUtils.greater(array[i], array[i + 1])) {
                 SortUtils.swap(array, i, i + 1);
                 sorted = false;
             }
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ private <T extends Comparable<T>> boolean performOddSort(T[] array) {
     private <T extends Comparable<T>> boolean performEvenSort(T[] array) {
         boolean sorted = true;
         for (int i = 0; i < array.length - 1; i += 2) {
-            if (array[i].compareTo(array[i + 1]) > 0) {
+            if (SortUtils.greater(array[i], array[i + 1])) {
                 SortUtils.swap(array, i, i + 1);
                 sorted = false;
             }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/SelectionSort.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/SelectionSort.java
index dbb2b88ffcef..db7732d7e218 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/SelectionSort.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/SelectionSort.java
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ public <T extends Comparable<T>> T[] sort(T[] array) {
     private static <T extends Comparable<T>> int findIndexOfMin(T[] array, final int startIndex) {
         int minIndex = startIndex;
         for (int i = startIndex + 1; i < array.length; i++) {
-            if (array[i].compareTo(array[minIndex]) < 0) {
+            if (SortUtils.less(array[i], array[minIndex])) {
                 minIndex = i;
             }
         }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/SelectionSortRecursive.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/SelectionSortRecursive.java
index 9d24542de592..daccb5aaf72d 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/SelectionSortRecursive.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/SelectionSortRecursive.java
@@ -56,6 +56,6 @@ private static <T extends Comparable<T>> int findMinIndex(T[] array, final int s
         final int minIndexInRest = findMinIndex(array, start + 1);
 
         // Return the index of the smaller element between array[start] and the minimum element in the rest of the array
-        return array[start].compareTo(array[minIndexInRest]) < 0 ? start : minIndexInRest;
+        return (SortUtils.less(array[start], array[minIndexInRest])) ? start : minIndexInRest;
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java
index 5aaf530fd94c..fe07a6f6d986 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ public <T extends Comparable<T>> T[] sort(T[] array) {
         }
         int currentIndex = 0;
         for (int i = 1; i < array.length; i++) {
-            if (array[i].compareTo(array[currentIndex]) >= 0) {
+            if (SortUtils.greaterOrEqual(array[i], array[currentIndex])) {
                 currentIndex++;
                 array[currentIndex] = array[i];
             }

From f38b1811200ab01ce31ba02bd1aacbdd5f9ac80a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: dinishajais <dinishajais3010@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 25 Jul 2025 03:19:43 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 2/3] Adding formatting

---
 src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/BucketSort.java   | 2 +-
 src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/ExchangeSort.java | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/BucketSort.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/BucketSort.java
index 49651692f5d7..8882a1cb4bbd 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/BucketSort.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/BucketSort.java
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ private <T extends Comparable<T>> T findMin(T[] array) {
     private <T extends Comparable<T>> T findMax(T[] array) {
         T max = array[0];
         for (T element : array) {
-            if (SortUtils.greater(element,max)) {
+            if (SortUtils.greater(element, max)) {
                 max = element;
             }
         }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/ExchangeSort.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/ExchangeSort.java
index e2c3636aa76f..a58caaf1031a 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/ExchangeSort.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/ExchangeSort.java
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ class ExchangeSort implements SortAlgorithm {
     public <T extends Comparable<T>> T[] sort(T[] array) {
         for (int i = 0; i < array.length - 1; i++) {
             for (int j = i + 1; j < array.length; j++) {
-                if (SortUtils.greater(array[i], array[j])){
+                if (SortUtils.greater(array[i], array[j])) {
                     SortUtils.swap(array, i, j);
                 }
             }

From bdd808532075b9f777b71a5903cd94c1aacd918c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: dinishajais <dinishajais3010@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 25 Jul 2025 03:28:14 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 3/3] Removed excess parenthesis

---
 src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/BitonicSort.java      | 2 +-
 src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/CircleSort.java       | 2 +-
 .../java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/IntrospectiveSort.java     | 6 +++---
 .../com/thealgorithms/sorts/SelectionSortRecursive.java     | 2 +-
 4 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/BitonicSort.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/BitonicSort.java
index 3416c6f7a6a9..1c1a3ac45540 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/BitonicSort.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/BitonicSort.java
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ private <T extends Comparable<T>> void bitonicMerge(T[] array, int low, int cnt,
         if (cnt > 1) {
             final int k = cnt / 2;
 
-            final BiPredicate<T, T> areSorted = (direction == Direction.ASCENDING) ? (a, b) -> (SortUtils.less(a, b)) : (a, b) -> (SortUtils.greater(a, b));
+            final BiPredicate<T, T> areSorted = (direction == Direction.ASCENDING) ? (a, b) -> SortUtils.less(a, b) : (a, b) -> SortUtils.greater(a, b);
             for (int i = low; i < low + k; i++) {
                 if (!areSorted.test(array[i], array[i + k])) {
                     SortUtils.swap(array, i, i + k);
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/CircleSort.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/CircleSort.java
index e7612d34341f..2863a40a2075 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/CircleSort.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/CircleSort.java
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ private <T extends Comparable<T>> boolean doSort(final T[] array, final int left
             high--;
         }
 
-        if (low == high && (SortUtils.greater(array[low], array[high + 1]))) {
+        if (low == high && SortUtils.greater(array[low], array[high + 1])) {
             SortUtils.swap(array, low, high + 1);
             swapped = true;
         }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/IntrospectiveSort.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/IntrospectiveSort.java
index 6b42a440e3c0..6f846c7b9a8f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/IntrospectiveSort.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/IntrospectiveSort.java
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ private static <T extends Comparable<T>> void insertionSort(T[] array, final int
         for (int i = low + 1; i <= high; i++) {
             final T key = array[i];
             int j = i - 1;
-            while (j >= low && (SortUtils.greater(array[j], key))) {
+            while (j >= low && SortUtils.greater(array[j], key)) {
                 array[j + 1] = array[j];
                 j--;
             }
@@ -125,10 +125,10 @@ private static <T extends Comparable<T>> void heapify(T[] array, final int i, fi
         final int right = 2 * i + 2;
         int largest = i;
 
-        if (left < n && (SortUtils.greater(array[low + left], array[low + largest]))) {
+        if (left < n && SortUtils.greater(array[low + left], array[low + largest])) {
             largest = left;
         }
-        if (right < n && (SortUtils.greater(array[low + right], array[low + largest]))) {
+        if (right < n && SortUtils.greater(array[low + right], array[low + largest])) {
             largest = right;
         }
         if (largest != i) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/SelectionSortRecursive.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/SelectionSortRecursive.java
index daccb5aaf72d..f220c2d8f994 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/SelectionSortRecursive.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/SelectionSortRecursive.java
@@ -56,6 +56,6 @@ private static <T extends Comparable<T>> int findMinIndex(T[] array, final int s
         final int minIndexInRest = findMinIndex(array, start + 1);
 
         // Return the index of the smaller element between array[start] and the minimum element in the rest of the array
-        return (SortUtils.less(array[start], array[minIndexInRest])) ? start : minIndexInRest;
+        return SortUtils.less(array[start], array[minIndexInRest]) ? start : minIndexInRest;
     }
 }

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