diff --git a/games.py b/games.py
index be9620bd4..4868367f8 100644
--- a/games.py
+++ b/games.py
@@ -75,7 +75,6 @@ def chance_node(state, action):
for val in dice_rolls:
game.dice_roll = val
sum_chances += min_value(res_state) * (1/36 if val[0] == val[1] else 1/18)
-
return sum_chances / num_chances
# Body of expectiminimax:
@@ -396,7 +395,7 @@ class Backgammon(Game):
def __init__(self):
self.dice_roll = (-random.randint(1, 6), -random.randint(1, 6))
- board = Board()
+ board = BackgammonBoard()
self.initial = GameState(to_move='W',
utility=0, board=board, moves=self.get_all_moves(board, 'W'))
@@ -437,10 +436,10 @@ def get_all_moves(self, board, player):
at a given state."""
all_points = board.points
taken_points = [index for index, point in enumerate(all_points)
- if point.checkers[player] > 0]
+ if point[player] > 0]
moves = list(itertools.permutations(taken_points, 2))
moves = moves + [(index, index) for index, point in enumerate(all_points)
- if point.checkers[player] >= 2]
+ if point[player] >= 2]
return moves
def display(self, state):
@@ -448,8 +447,8 @@ def display(self, state):
board = state.board
player = state.to_move
for index, point in enumerate(board.points):
- if point.checkers['W'] != 0 or point.checkers['B'] != 0:
- print("Point : ", index, " W : ", point.checkers['W'], " B : ", point.checkers['B'])
+ if point['W'] != 0 or point['B'] != 0:
+ print("Point : ", index, " W : ", point['W'], " B : ", point['B'])
print("player : ", player)
@@ -457,7 +456,7 @@ def compute_utility(self, board, move, player):
"""If 'W' wins with this move, return 1; if 'B' wins return -1; else return 0."""
count = 0
for idx in range(0, 24):
- count = count + board.points[idx].checkers[player]
+ count = count + board.points[idx][player]
if player == 'W' and count == 0:
return 1
if player == 'B' and count == 0:
@@ -465,7 +464,7 @@ def compute_utility(self, board, move, player):
return 0
-class Board:
+class BackgammonBoard:
"""The board consists of 24 points. Each player('W' and 'B') initially
has 15 checkers on board. Player 'W' moves from point 23 to point 0
and player 'B' moves from point 0 to 23. Points 0-7 are
@@ -474,11 +473,12 @@ class Board:
def __init__(self):
"""Initial state of the game"""
# TODO : Add bar to Board class where a blot is placed when it is hit.
- self.points = [Point() for index in range(24)]
- self.points[0].checkers['B'] = self.points[23].checkers['W'] = 2
- self.points[5].checkers['W'] = self.points[18].checkers['B'] = 5
- self.points[7].checkers['W'] = self.points[16].checkers['B'] = 3
- self.points[11].checkers['B'] = self.points[12].checkers['W'] = 5
+ point = {'W':0, 'B':0}
+ self.points = [point.copy() for index in range(24)]
+ self.points[0]['B'] = self.points[23]['W'] = 2
+ self.points[5]['W'] = self.points[18]['B'] = 5
+ self.points[7]['W'] = self.points[16]['B'] = 3
+ self.points[11]['B'] = self.points[12]['W'] = 5
self.allow_bear_off = {'W': False, 'B': False}
def checkers_at_home(self, player):
@@ -486,7 +486,7 @@ def checkers_at_home(self, player):
sum_range = range(0, 7) if player == 'W' else range(17, 24)
count = 0
for idx in sum_range:
- count = count + self.points[idx].checkers[player]
+ count = count + self.points[idx][player]
return count
def is_legal_move(self, start, steps, player):
@@ -498,7 +498,7 @@ def is_legal_move(self, start, steps, player):
dest_range = range(0, 24)
move1_legal = move2_legal = False
if dest1 in dest_range:
- if self.points[dest1].is_open_for(player):
+ if self.is_point_open(player, self.points[dest1]):
self.move_checker(start[0], steps[0], player)
move1_legal = True
else:
@@ -508,7 +508,7 @@ def is_legal_move(self, start, steps, player):
if not move1_legal:
return False
if dest2 in dest_range:
- if self.points[dest2].is_open_for(player):
+ if self.is_point_open(player, self.points[dest2]):
move2_legal = True
else:
if self.allow_bear_off[player]:
@@ -519,30 +519,15 @@ def move_checker(self, start, steps, player):
"""Moves a checker from starting point by a given number of steps"""
dest = start + steps
dest_range = range(0, 24)
- self.points[start].remove_checker(player)
+ self.points[start][player] -= 1
if dest in dest_range:
- self.points[dest].add_checker(player)
+ self.points[dest][player] += 1
if self.checkers_at_home(player) == 15:
self.allow_bear_off[player] = True
-class Point:
- """A point is one of the 24 triangles on the board where
- the players' checkers are placed."""
-
- def __init__(self):
- self.checkers = {'W':0, 'B':0}
-
- def is_open_for(self, player):
+ def is_point_open(self, player, point):
"""A point is open for a player if the no. of opponent's
checkers already present on it is 0 or 1. A player can
move a checker to a point only if it is open."""
opponent = 'B' if player == 'W' else 'W'
- return self.checkers[opponent] <= 1
-
- def add_checker(self, player):
- """Place a player's checker on a point."""
- self.checkers[player] += 1
-
- def remove_checker(self, player):
- """Remove a player's checker from a point."""
- self.checkers[player] -= 1
+ return point[opponent] <= 1
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