diff --git a/Blockchain/Backend/API/Client_calls/BaseCurl.php b/Blockchain/Backend/API/Client_calls/BaseCurl.php index e347860..fb91d6a 100644 --- a/Blockchain/Backend/API/Client_calls/BaseCurl.php +++ b/Blockchain/Backend/API/Client_calls/BaseCurl.php @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ coinbaseTransaction(); + $merkleRoot = $coinbaseTx->TxId; $bits = 'ffff001f'; $blockheader = new BlockHeader($GLOBALS['VERSION'], $prevBlockHash, $merkleRoot, $timestamp, $bits); $blockheader->mine(); - $block = new Block($BlockHeight, 1, (array)$blockheader, 1, $Transaction); + $block = new Block($BlockHeight, 1, (array)$blockheader, 1, $coinbaseTx); +// print_r((array)$block); +// die(); $this->writeOnDisk((array)$block); } diff --git a/Blockchain/Backend/core/Script.php b/Blockchain/Backend/core/Script.php new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5bc00f1 --- /dev/null +++ b/Blockchain/Backend/core/Script.php @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +cmds = []; + } else { + $this->cmds = $cmds; + } + } + + public static function p2pkhScript($h160) + { + // Takes a hash160 and returns the p2 public key hash ScriptPubKey + $script = new Script([0x76, 0xA9, $h160, 0x88, 0xAC]); + return $script; + } +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Blockchain/Backend/core/transactions/Coinbase.php b/Blockchain/Backend/core/transactions/Coinbase.php new file mode 100644 index 0000000..23c54eb --- /dev/null +++ b/Blockchain/Backend/core/transactions/Coinbase.php @@ -0,0 +1,133 @@ +blockHeightIntLittleEndian = intToLittleEndian($blockHeight, bytesNeeded($blockHeight)); + } + + public function coinbaseTransaction() { + $prevTx = hex2bin(ZERO_HASH); + $prevIndex = 0xFFFFFFFF; + + $txIns = []; + $txIns[] = new TxIn($prevTx, $prevIndex); + $txIns[0]->scriptSig->cmds[] = $this->blockHeightIntLittleEndian; + + $txOuts = []; + $targetAmount = REWARD * 100000000; + $hexValue = $this->decodeBase58API(MINER_ADDRESS); + $targetH160 = $hexValue; + $targetScript = Script::p2pkhScript($targetH160); + $txOuts[] = new TxOut($targetAmount, $targetScript); + + $coinBaseTx = new Tx(1, $txIns, $txOuts, 0); + $coinBaseTx->TxId = $coinBaseTx->id(); + + return $coinBaseTx; + } + + public function decodeBase58API($value) + { + $address = PluginHelperAPI::$clientAddress; + $url = $address."get_decode_base58"; + $ch = curl_init($url); + $data = json_encode(array( + "value" => $value + )); + $val = PluginHelperAPI::curlSkeletonIfDataSend($ch, "POST", $data); + $data = json_decode($val['data'], true); + return $data['byte_data']; + } + +} + +//$address = PluginHelperAPI::$clientAddress; +//$url = $address."get_decode_base58"; +//$ch = curl_init($url); +//$data = json_encode(array( +// "value" => "1K3if2mFojLAWVtdD1eeYYKNVCwghpBvgb" +//)); +//$val = PluginHelperAPI::curlSkeletonIfDataSend($ch, "POST", $data); +//$data = json_decode($val['data'], true); +//echo "\n\n"; +//print_r($data['byte_data']); +//function decodeBase58API($value) +//{ +// $address = PluginHelperAPI::$clientAddress; +// $url = $address . "get_decode_base58"; +// $ch = curl_init($url); +// $data = json_encode(array( +// "value" => $value +// )); +// $val = PluginHelperAPI::curlSkeletonIfDataSend($ch, "POST", $data); +// $data = json_decode($val['data'], true); +// return $data['byte_data']; +//} +// +//$data = decodeBase58API("1K3if2mFojLAWVtdD1eeYYKNVCwghpBvgb"); +//echo "\n\n"; +//print_r($data); +//echo "\n\n"; +// +// +//$binaryData = hex2bin($data); +//print_r($binaryData); +//echo "\n\n"; +// +//// Perform operations on the binary data (if needed) +// +//// Convert the binary data back to a hexadecimal string +//$resultHexadecimal = bin2hex($binaryData); +// +//// Output the result +//echo $resultHexadecimal; + +////$hexString = $data; +////$byteString = 'b"' . implode('\x', str_split($hexString, 2)) . '"'; +//$byteString = hex2bin($data); +//$formattedBinary = 'b"'; +//foreach (str_split($byteString) as $byte) { +// $formattedBinary .= '\x' . bin2hex($byte); +//} +//$formattedBinary .= '",'; +// +//echo $formattedBinary; +//echo "\n\n"; +// +//$hexString = ''; +//$matches = []; +//if (preg_match('/b"(.+)",/', $formattedBinary, $matches)) { +// $hexBytes = explode('\x', $matches[1]); +// foreach ($hexBytes as $hexByte) { +// $hexString .= chr(hexdec($hexByte)); +// } +// $hexString = bin2hex($hexString); +// echo $hexString; +//} else { +// echo "Invalid format."; +//} +//echo "\n\n"; +// +//$hexString = ''; +//$matches = []; +// +//if (preg_match('/b"(.+)",/', $formattedBinary, $matches)) { +// $hexBytes = explode('\x', $matches[1]); +// foreach ($hexBytes as $hexByte) { +// $hexString .= bin2hex(hex2bin($hexByte)); +// } +// echo $hexString; +//} else { +// echo "Invalid format."; +//} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Blockchain/Backend/core/transactions/Tx.php b/Blockchain/Backend/core/transactions/Tx.php new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d711f93 --- /dev/null +++ b/Blockchain/Backend/core/transactions/Tx.php @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@ +version = $version; + $this->txIns = $txIns; + $this->txOuts = $txOuts; + $this->locktime = $locktime; + } + + /** + * @throws Exception + */ + public function serialize() { + // Initialize an empty result string + $result = ""; + + // Serialize the version as a little-endian 4-byte integer + $result .= intToLittleEndian($this->version, 4); + + // Serialize the number of transaction inputs as a variable-length integer + $result .= encode_varint(count($this->tx_ins)); + + // Serialize each transaction input + foreach ($this->tx_ins as $tx_in) { + $result .= $tx_in->serialize(); + } + + // Serialize the number of transaction outputs as a variable-length integer + $result .= encode_varint(count($this->tx_outs)); + + // Serialize each transaction output + foreach ($this->tx_outs as $tx_out) { + $result .= $tx_out->serialize(); + } + + // Serialize the locktime as a little-endian 4-byte integer + $result .= intToLittleEndian($this->locktime, 4); + + // Return the serialized result + return $result; + } + + public function id() { + // Human-readable Tx id + return $this->hash()->hex(); + } + + /** + * @throws Exception + */ + public function hash() { + // Binary Hash of serialization + return strrev(hash256($this->serialize())); + } + + public function isCoinbase() { + if (count($this->txIns) !== 1) { + return false; + } + + $firstInput = $this->txIns[0]; + if ($firstInput->prevTx !== hex2bin(ZERO_HASH)) { + return false; + } + + if ($firstInput->prevIndex !== 0xFFFFFFFF) { + return false; + } + + return true; + } + + public function toDict() { + // Convert Transaction Input to dict + foreach ($this->txIns as $txIndex => $txIn) { + if ($this->isCoinbase()) { + $txIn->scriptSig->cmds[0] = littleEndianToInt($txIn->scriptSig->cmds[0]); + } + + $txIn->prevTx = bin2hex($txIn->prevTx); + + foreach ($txIn->scriptSig->cmds as $index => $cmd) { + if (is_string($cmd)) { + $txIn->scriptSig->cmds[$index] = bin2hex($cmd); + } + } + + $txIn->scriptSig = (array) $txIn->scriptSig; + $this->txIns[$txIndex] = (array) $txIn; + } + + // Convert Transaction Output to dict + foreach ($this->txOuts as $index => $txOut) { + $txOut->scriptPubkey->cmds[2] = bin2hex($txOut->scriptPubkey->cmds[2]); + $txOut->scriptPubkey = (array) $txOut->scriptPubkey; + $this->txOuts[$index] = (array) $txOut; + } + + return (array) $this; + } +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Blockchain/Backend/core/transactions/TxIn.php b/Blockchain/Backend/core/transactions/TxIn.php new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d7ddf39 --- /dev/null +++ b/Blockchain/Backend/core/transactions/TxIn.php @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +prevTx = $prevTx; + $this->prevIndex = $prevIndex; + $this->scriptSig = $scriptSig ?? new Script(); + $this->sequence = $sequence; + } + + public function serialize() + { + $result = strrev($this->prev_tx); + $result .= intToLittleEndian($this->prev_index, 4); + $result .= $this->script_sig->serialize(); + $result .= intToLittleEndian($this->sequence, 4); + return $result; + } +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Blockchain/Backend/core/transactions/TxOut.php b/Blockchain/Backend/core/transactions/TxOut.php new file mode 100644 index 0000000..00d8e57 --- /dev/null +++ b/Blockchain/Backend/core/transactions/TxOut.php @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +amount = $amount; + $this->scriptPubkey = $scriptPubkey; + } + + public function serialize() + { + $result = intToLittleEndian($this->amount, 8); + $result .= $this->script_pubkey->serialize(); + return $result; + } +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Blockchain/Backend/util/util.php b/Blockchain/Backend/util/util.php index 9bd1b95..d064a7d 100644 --- a/Blockchain/Backend/util/util.php +++ b/Blockchain/Backend/util/util.php @@ -10,10 +10,58 @@ function hash160($data) { return hash('ripemd160', $sha256Hash, true); } -// Example usage -$input = 'some data to hash'; -$hashed256 = hash256($input); -$hashed160 = hash160($input); +function intToLittleEndian($n, $length) { + // Convert an integer to a little-endian byte string of a specified length + $result = ''; + for ($i = 0; $i < $length; $i++) { + $byte = $n & 0xFF; // Get the least significant byte + $result .= chr($byte); // Convert to a character and append to the result + $n >>= 8; // Shift the integer right by 8 bits + } + return $result; +} + +function bytesNeeded($n) +{ + if ($n == 0) { + return 1; + } + return intval(log($n, 256)) + 1; +} + +function littleEndianToInt($b) +{ + // Reverse the byte array and convert it to an integer + $reversedBytes = array_reverse(str_split($b)); + $littleEndian = implode('', $reversedBytes); + return hexdec(bin2hex($littleEndian)); +} -echo "Hashed 256: " . bin2hex($hashed256) . PHP_EOL; -echo "Hashed 160: " . bin2hex($hashed160) . PHP_EOL; \ No newline at end of file + +function encode_varint($i) { + if ($i < 0xFD) { + return chr($i); + } elseif ($i < 0x10000) { + return "\xFD" . intToLittleEndian($i, 2); + } elseif ($i < 0x100000000) { + return "\xFE" . intToLittleEndian($i, 4); + } elseif ($i < 0x10000000000000000) { + return "\xFF" . intToLittleEndian($i, 8); + } else { + throw new Exception("integer too large: $i"); + } +} + +//try { +// $encoded = encode_varint(500); +//} catch (Exception $e) { +//} +//echo bin2hex($encoded); + +// Example usage +//$input = 'some data to hash'; +//$hashed256 = hash256($input); +//$hashed160 = hash160($input); +// +//echo "Hashed 256: " . bin2hex($hashed256) . PHP_EOL; +//echo "Hashed 160: " . bin2hex($hashed160) . PHP_EOL; \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Blockchain/Python_Package/test.py b/Blockchain/Python_Package/keyGenerate.py similarity index 88% rename from Blockchain/Python_Package/test.py rename to Blockchain/Python_Package/keyGenerate.py index f2de86f..f0437a7 100644 --- a/Blockchain/Python_Package/test.py +++ b/Blockchain/Python_Package/keyGenerate.py @@ -1,13 +1,9 @@ -from flask import Flask, jsonify import secrets from EllepticCurve.EllepticCurve import Sha256Point from util import hash160, hash256 -app = Flask(__name__) - -@app.route('/generate_keys', methods=['GET']) -def generate_keys(): +def generatePrivateKeyPublicAddress(): Gx = 0x79BE667EF9DCBBAC55A06295CE870B07029BFCDB2DCE28D959F2815B16F81798 Gy = 0x483ADA7726A3C4655DA4FBFC0E1108A8FD17B448A68554199C47D08FFB10D4B8 @@ -53,7 +49,3 @@ def generate_keys(): PublicAddress = prefix + result return {"privateKey": privateKey, "publicAddress": PublicAddress} - - -if __name__ == '__main__': - app.run(debug=True) diff --git a/Blockchain/Python_Package/main.py b/Blockchain/Python_Package/main.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..271220f --- /dev/null +++ b/Blockchain/Python_Package/main.py @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@ +from flask import Flask, jsonify, request +from keyGenerate import generatePrivateKeyPublicAddress +from util import bytes_needed, decode_base58, little_endian_to_int, int_to_little_endian +import json +import sys + + +app = Flask(__name__) + + +@app.route('/generate_keys', methods=['GET']) +def generate_keys(): + result = generatePrivateKeyPublicAddress() + return result + + +# ====================================================================================================================== + +@app.route('/get_bytes_needed', methods=['POST']) +def get_bytes_needed(): + data = request.get_json() + if 'value' not in data: + return jsonify({'error': 'Missing values'}), 400 + val = int(data['value']) + result = bytes_needed(val) + return jsonify({"result": result}), 201 + + +# ====================================================================================================================== + +@app.route('/get_decode_base58', methods=['POST']) +def get_decode_base58(): + data = request.get_json() + if 'value' not in data: + return jsonify({'error': 'Missing values'}), 400 + byte_data = decode_base58(data['value']) + hex_data = byte_data.hex() + response = { + 'byte_data': hex_data + } + return jsonify(response) + + +if __name__ == '__main__': + app.run(debug=True) diff --git a/Blockchain/Python_Package/util.py b/Blockchain/Python_Package/util.py index 48739d1..88de17c 100644 --- a/Blockchain/Python_Package/util.py +++ b/Blockchain/Python_Package/util.py @@ -1,6 +1,9 @@ import hashlib from Crypto.Hash import RIPEMD160 from hashlib import sha256 +from math import log +from EllepticCurve.EllepticCurve import BASE58_ALPHABET + def hash256(s): @@ -9,4 +12,39 @@ def hash256(s): def hash160(s): - return RIPEMD160.new(sha256(s).digest()).digest() \ No newline at end of file + return RIPEMD160.new(sha256(s).digest()).digest() + + +def bytes_needed(n: int): + """ Returns byte length """ + if n == 0: + return 1 + return int(log(n, 256)) + 1 + + +def int_to_little_endian(n: int, length): + """ Takes integer and return the little endian byte of length """ + return n.to_bytes(length, 'little') + + +def little_endian_to_int(b): + """ takes bit AND RETURNS AN INTEGER """ + return int.from_bytes(b, 'little') + + +def decode_base58(s): + num = 0 + for c in s: + num *= 58 + num += BASE58_ALPHABET.index(c) + + combined = num.to_bytes(25, byteorder='big') + checksum = combined[-4:] + + if hash256(combined[:-4])[:4] != checksum: + raise ValueError(f'Bad address {checksum} {hash256(combined[:-4])[:4]}') + + value = combined[1:-4] + return value + +# b"\xc5\xf5\xdeS\x1f\xfb\xc9G\x16G\x81E\x9b\x06!\xda\xb5'\xee," diff --git a/Blockchain/data/blockchain b/Blockchain/data/blockchain index a2b05ae..e69de29 100644 --- a/Blockchain/data/blockchain +++ b/Blockchain/data/blockchain @@ -1,107 +0,0 @@ -[ - { - "Height": 0, - "Blocksize": 1, - "BlockHeader": { - "bits": "ffff001f", - "timestamp": 1692918870, - "merkleRoot": "01d3c8ffac385f49854b12bc69248645efddb80a0435dd09631643bdc605d1d1", - "prevBlockHash": "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000", - "version": 1, - "nonce": 57706, - "blockHash": "0000d0f7be9722a4d33a1147995f54e00dd09304c3de35b86abf3c73d493f269" - }, - "TxCount": 1, - "Txs": "Code Architect sent 0 Bitcoins to Indranil" - }, - { - "Height": 1, - "Blocksize": 1, - "BlockHeader": { - "bits": "ffff001f", - "timestamp": 1692918885, - "merkleRoot": "ede8645e1159205c35365fc6b765fbea7acab3d30d83f2094e87b1dc2829b69b", - "prevBlockHash": "0000d0f7be9722a4d33a1147995f54e00dd09304c3de35b86abf3c73d493f269", - "version": 1, - "nonce": 30400, - "blockHash": "0000145cbce04e57681a3492198f05ca5f68f730d2a49ced6f62a22e1e0fb89e" - }, - "TxCount": 1, - "Txs": "Code Architect sent 1 Bitcoins to Indranil" - }, - { - "Height": 2, - "Blocksize": 1, - "BlockHeader": { - "bits": "ffff001f", - "timestamp": 1692918893, - "merkleRoot": "ee3d44bff24ade0bd29fbf90bcfa1a8a2ef2c991a92bf92e8e8d7bf85cf75e30", - "prevBlockHash": "0000145cbce04e57681a3492198f05ca5f68f730d2a49ced6f62a22e1e0fb89e", - "version": 1, - "nonce": 57819, - "blockHash": "0000b8ef9e602a62196ef75a05dc898ac1e599b4cfe69fd23fcef020ffe70e82" - }, - "TxCount": 1, - "Txs": "Code Architect sent 2 Bitcoins to Indranil" - }, - { - "Height": 3, - "Blocksize": 1, - "BlockHeader": { - "bits": "ffff001f", - "timestamp": 1692918912, - "merkleRoot": "d0249e654794fa76a823925895732057dc5c51075131f4784a65d31f93754113", - "prevBlockHash": "0000b8ef9e602a62196ef75a05dc898ac1e599b4cfe69fd23fcef020ffe70e82", - "version": 1, - "nonce": 91549, - "blockHash": "000046cfcf21c1ef5ae5abdc09ee2f5d2a95dc4b19dea21e312b1ce3f8cc2718" - }, - "TxCount": 1, - "Txs": "Code Architect sent 3 Bitcoins to Indranil" - }, - { - "Height": 4, - "Blocksize": 1, - "BlockHeader": { - "bits": "ffff001f", - "timestamp": 1692918942, - "merkleRoot": "3bf90cb05ba2fb3325fec0def457cd7cc6126b204c8963d4939350b2add27c6d", - "prevBlockHash": "000046cfcf21c1ef5ae5abdc09ee2f5d2a95dc4b19dea21e312b1ce3f8cc2718", - "version": 1, - "nonce": 88482, - "blockHash": "00008541d660a151dc1d3d4ca81c5dd844c0c37b07e643322192eace6b5e50b7" - }, - "TxCount": 1, - "Txs": "Code Architect sent 4 Bitcoins to Indranil" - }, - { - "Height": 5, - "Blocksize": 1, - "BlockHeader": { - "bits": "ffff001f", - "timestamp": 1692918975, - "merkleRoot": "5957ff49fe734ffde6fb685fd313afff54a59671e98acab4f5c84fa8ded0b177", - "prevBlockHash": "00008541d660a151dc1d3d4ca81c5dd844c0c37b07e643322192eace6b5e50b7", - "version": 1, - "nonce": 8339, - "blockHash": "00005c7fd514f61cd3173a7cbd5fa54a0eb90b0ba28e9c442bc0a666fdb1dc71" - }, - "TxCount": 1, - "Txs": "Code Architect sent 5 Bitcoins to Indranil" - }, - { - "Height": 6, - "Blocksize": 1, - "BlockHeader": { - "bits": "ffff001f", - "timestamp": 1692918978, - "merkleRoot": "fc73585acb5dfb029ad461c0a2caa7259d33e3e9c613eec7ea9926a7fdceb92c", - "prevBlockHash": "00005c7fd514f61cd3173a7cbd5fa54a0eb90b0ba28e9c442bc0a666fdb1dc71", - "version": 1, - "nonce": 268283, - "blockHash": "0000210da7a197c7734b55f27751ecfdc7bb3f881bf49f230d5866625fd3dd54" - }, - "TxCount": 1, - "Txs": "Code Architect sent 6 Bitcoins to Indranil" - } -] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 576900e..122acac 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -1,2 +1,10 @@ # Blockchain with php -A personal project \ No newline at end of file +This is just a demo project just for concept purposes. Please don't use this in production. Reasons not to use PHP for blockchain development or in production: + +**Security**: Blockchain systems require a high level of security because they deal with valuable assets and transactions. PHP, while it can be secure when used correctly, has had security vulnerabilities in the past. Languages like C++ and Rust have better memory management features that can help prevent common vulnerabilities like buffer overflows. + +**Community and Ecosystem**: Blockchain development relies heavily on available libraries, tools, and an active community for support. PHP has a limited ecosystem for blockchain development compared to languages like Python, JavaScript, or Solidity (Ethereum's smart contract language). + +**Concurrency**: Many blockchain systems require high levels of concurrency and parallelism. PHP's architecture is typically designed around a request-response model, which may not be well-suited for handling the concurrent nature of blockchain networks. + +**Blockchain-specific Libraries**: Most blockchain networks have their own specific libraries and APIs for development. While there might be PHP libraries for blockchain integration, they are not as prevalent or well-maintained as libraries in other languages. pFad - Phonifier reborn

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