diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/axes/_axes.py b/lib/matplotlib/axes/_axes.py
index d1e5133ce1d4..1d6516c83b77 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/axes/_axes.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/axes/_axes.py
@@ -5748,9 +5748,10 @@ def _pcolorargs(self, funcname, *args, shading='auto', **kwargs):
if shading == 'flat':
if (Nx, Ny) != (ncols + 1, nrows + 1):
- raise TypeError('Dimensions of C %s are incompatible with'
- ' X (%d) and/or Y (%d); see help(%s)' % (
- C.shape, Nx, Ny, funcname))
+ raise TypeError(f"Dimensions of C {C.shape} should"
+ f" be one smaller than X({Nx}) and Y({Ny})"
+ f" while using shading='flat'"
+ f" see help({funcname})")
else: # ['nearest', 'gouraud']:
if (Nx, Ny) != (ncols, nrows):
raise TypeError('Dimensions of C %s are incompatible with'
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/tests/test_axes.py b/lib/matplotlib/tests/test_axes.py
index 8444116b4eb3..b12b5d0bab46 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/tests/test_axes.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/tests/test_axes.py
@@ -1439,6 +1439,14 @@ def test_pcolorflaterror():
ax.pcolormesh(x, y, Z, shading='flat')
+def test_samesizepcolorflaterror():
+ fig, ax = plt.subplots()
+ x, y = np.meshgrid(np.arange(5), np.arange(3))
+ Z = x + y
+ with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=r".*one smaller than X"):
+ ax.pcolormesh(x, y, Z, shading='flat')
+
+
@pytest.mark.parametrize('snap', [False, True])
@check_figures_equal(extensions=["png"])
def test_pcolorauto(fig_test, fig_ref, snap):
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