diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/axis.py b/lib/matplotlib/axis.py
index aeee67e3816d..b35752c08187 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/axis.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/axis.py
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
import functools
import logging
from numbers import Real
+import warnings
import numpy as np
@@ -1965,7 +1966,10 @@ def set_ticklabels(self, labels, *, minor=False, fontdict=None, **kwargs):
raise TypeError(f"{labels:=} must be a sequence") from None
locator = (self.get_minor_locator() if minor
else self.get_major_locator())
- if isinstance(locator, mticker.FixedLocator):
+ if not labels:
+ # eg labels=[]:
+ formatter = mticker.NullFormatter()
+ elif isinstance(locator, mticker.FixedLocator):
# Passing [] as a list of labels is often used as a way to
# remove all tick labels, so only error for > 0 labels
if len(locator.locs) != len(labels) and len(labels) != 0:
@@ -1978,16 +1982,23 @@ def set_ticklabels(self, labels, *, minor=False, fontdict=None, **kwargs):
func = functools.partial(self._format_with_dict, tickd)
formatter = mticker.FuncFormatter(func)
else:
+ _api.warn_external(
+ "set_ticklabels() should only be used with a fixed number of "
+ "ticks, i.e. after set_ticks() or using a FixedLocator.")
formatter = mticker.FixedFormatter(labels)
- if minor:
- self.set_minor_formatter(formatter)
- locs = self.get_minorticklocs()
- ticks = self.get_minor_ticks(len(locs))
- else:
- self.set_major_formatter(formatter)
- locs = self.get_majorticklocs()
- ticks = self.get_major_ticks(len(locs))
+ with warnings.catch_warnings():
+ warnings.filterwarnings(
+ "ignore",
+ message="FixedFormatter should only be used together with FixedLocator")
+ if minor:
+ self.set_minor_formatter(formatter)
+ locs = self.get_minorticklocs()
+ ticks = self.get_minor_ticks(len(locs))
+ else:
+ self.set_major_formatter(formatter)
+ locs = self.get_majorticklocs()
+ ticks = self.get_major_ticks(len(locs))
ret = []
if fontdict is not None:
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/tests/test_axes.py b/lib/matplotlib/tests/test_axes.py
index 7e7b8a26d7de..3fe5e839bffb 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/tests/test_axes.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/tests/test_axes.py
@@ -6063,6 +6063,21 @@ def test_retain_tick_visibility():
ax.tick_params(axis="y", which="both", length=0)
+def test_warn_too_few_labels():
+ # note that the axis is still using an AutoLocator:
+ fig, ax = plt.subplots()
+ with pytest.warns(
+ UserWarning,
+ match=r'set_ticklabels\(\) should only be used with a fixed number'):
+ ax.set_xticklabels(['0', '0.1'])
+ # note that the axis is still using a FixedLocator:
+ fig, ax = plt.subplots()
+ ax.set_xticks([0, 0.5, 1])
+ with pytest.raises(ValueError,
+ match='The number of FixedLocator locations'):
+ ax.set_xticklabels(['0', '0.1'])
+
+
def test_tick_label_update():
# test issue 9397
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