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Don't clear btpo_cycleid during _bt_vacuum_one_page.
When "vacuuming" a single btree page by removing LP_DEAD tuples, we are not actually within a vacuum operation, but rather in an ordinary insertion process that could well be running concurrently with a vacuum. So clearing the cycleid is incorrect, and could cause the concurrent vacuum to miss removing tuples that it needs to remove. This is a longstanding bug introduced by commit e628464 of 2006-07-25. I believe it explains Maxim Boguk's recent report of index corruption, and probably some other previously unexplained reports. In 9.0 and up this is a one-line fix; before that we need to introduce a flag to tell _bt_delitems what to do.
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src/backend/access/nbtree/nbtpage.c

Lines changed: 3 additions & 4 deletions
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -841,11 +841,9 @@ _bt_delitems_delete(Relation rel, Buffer buf,
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PageIndexMultiDelete(page, itemnos, nitems);
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/*
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* We can clear the vacuum cycle ID since this page has certainly been
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* processed by the current vacuum scan.
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* Unlike _bt_delitems_vacuum, we *must not* clear the vacuum cycle ID,
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* because this is not called by VACUUM.
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*/
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opaque = (BTPageOpaque) PageGetSpecialPointer(page);
848-
opaque->btpo_cycleid = 0;
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/*
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* Mark the page as not containing any LP_DEAD items. This is not
@@ -854,6 +852,7 @@ _bt_delitems_delete(Relation rel, Buffer buf,
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* true and it doesn't seem worth an additional page scan to check it.
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* Remember that BTP_HAS_GARBAGE is only a hint anyway.
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*/
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opaque = (BTPageOpaque) PageGetSpecialPointer(page);
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opaque->btpo_flags &= ~BTP_HAS_GARBAGE;
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MarkBufferDirty(buf);

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