python
diff --git a/‎Lib/test/test_types.py
Lines changed: 19 additions & 0 deletions b/‎Lib/test/test_types.py
Lines changed: 19 additions & 0 deletions
diff --git a/‎Misc/NEWS.d/next/Core_and_Builtins/2025-04-01-22-24-19.gh-issue-131998.DvmZcT.rst
Lines changed: 2 additions & 0 deletions b/‎Misc/NEWS.d/next/Core_and_Builtins/2025-04-01-22-24-19.gh-issue-131998.DvmZcT.rst
Lines changed: 2 additions & 0 deletions
diff --git a/‎Python/bytecodes.c
Lines changed: 4 additions & 0 deletions b/‎Python/bytecodes.c
Lines changed: 4 additions & 0 deletions
diff --git a/‎Python/executor_cases.c.h
Lines changed: 10 additions & 0 deletions b/‎Python/executor_cases.c.h
Lines changed: 10 additions & 0 deletions
diff --git a/‎Python/generated_cases.c.h
Lines changed: 12 additions & 0 deletions b/‎Python/generated_cases.c.h
Lines changed: 12 additions & 0 deletions
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
     run_with_locale, cpython_only, no_rerun,
     MISSING_C_DOCSTRINGS, EqualToForwardRef,
 )
+from test.support.script_helper import assert_python_ok
 from test.support.import_helper import import_fresh_module
 
 import collections.abc
@@ -672,6 +673,24 @@ def test_traceback_and_frame_types(self):
     def test_capsule_type(self):
         self.assertIsInstance(_datetime.datetime_CAPI, types.CapsuleType)
 
+    def test_call_unbound_crash(self):
+        # GH-131998: The specialized instruction would get tricked into dereferencing
+        # a bound "self" that didn't exist if subsequently called unbound.
+        code = """if True:
+
+        def call(part):
+            [] + ([] + [])
+            part.pop()
+
+        for _ in range(3):
+            call(['a'])
+        try:
+            call(list)
+        except TypeError:
+            pass
+        """
+        assert_python_ok("-c", code)
+
 
 class UnionTests(unittest.TestCase):
 
 
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Fix a crash when using an unbound method :term:`descriptor` object in a
+function where a bound method descriptor was used.
@@ -4300,12 +4300,14 @@ dummy_func(
                 arguments--;
                 total_args++;
             }
+            EXIT_IF(total_args == 0);
             PyMethodDescrObject *method = (PyMethodDescrObject *)callable_o;
             EXIT_IF(!Py_IS_TYPE(method, &PyMethodDescr_Type));
             PyMethodDef *meth = method->d_method;
             EXIT_IF(meth->ml_flags != (METH_FASTCALL|METH_KEYWORDS));
             PyTypeObject *d_type = method->d_common.d_type;
             PyObject *self = PyStackRef_AsPyObjectBorrow(arguments[0]);
+            assert(self != NULL);
             EXIT_IF(!Py_IS_TYPE(self, d_type));
             STAT_INC(CALL, hit);
             int nargs = total_args - 1;
@@ -4378,12 +4380,14 @@ dummy_func(
                 arguments--;
                 total_args++;
             }
+            EXIT_IF(total_args == 0);
             PyMethodDescrObject *method = (PyMethodDescrObject *)callable_o;
             /* Builtin METH_FASTCALL methods, without keywords */
             EXIT_IF(!Py_IS_TYPE(method, &PyMethodDescr_Type));
             PyMethodDef *meth = method->d_method;
             EXIT_IF(meth->ml_flags != METH_FASTCALL);
             PyObject *self = PyStackRef_AsPyObjectBorrow(arguments[0]);
+            assert(self != NULL);
             EXIT_IF(!Py_IS_TYPE(self, method->d_common.d_type));
             STAT_INC(CALL, hit);
             int nargs = total_args - 1;
Original file line number	Diff line number	Diff line change
`@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@`
	`1`	+Fix a crash when using an unbound method :term:`descriptor` object in a
	`2`	`+function where a bound method descriptor was used.`