diff --git a/Doc/c-api/monitoring.rst b/Doc/c-api/monitoring.rst index 4db26d82b9200d..285ddb2889a67f 100644 --- a/Doc/c-api/monitoring.rst +++ b/Doc/c-api/monitoring.rst @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ .. highlight:: c -.. _monitoring: +.. _c-api-monitoring: Monitoring C API ================ @@ -141,18 +141,18 @@ would typically correspond to a python function. to the base-2 logarithm of ``sys.monitoring.events.PY_START``. ``state_array`` is an array with a monitoring state entry for each event in ``event_types``, it is allocated by the user but populated by - ``PyMonitoring_EnterScope`` with information about the activation state of + :c:func:`!PyMonitoring_EnterScope` with information about the activation state of the event. The size of ``event_types`` (and hence also of ``state_array``) is given in ``length``. The ``version`` argument is a pointer to a value which should be allocated by the user together with ``state_array`` and initialized to 0, - and then set only by ``PyMonitoring_EnterScope`` itelf. It allows this + and then set only by :c:func:`!PyMonitoring_EnterScope` itelf. It allows this function to determine whether event states have changed since the previous call, and to return quickly if they have not. The scopes referred to here are lexical scopes: a function, class or method. - ``PyMonitoring_EnterScope`` should be called whenever the lexical scope is + :c:func:`!PyMonitoring_EnterScope` should be called whenever the lexical scope is entered. Scopes can be reentered, reusing the same *state_array* and *version*, in situations like when emulating a recursive Python function. When a code-like's execution is paused, such as when emulating a generator, the scope needs to @@ -189,4 +189,4 @@ would typically correspond to a python function. .. c:function:: int PyMonitoring_ExitScope(void) - Exit the last scope that was entered with ``PyMonitoring_EnterScope``. + Exit the last scope that was entered with :c:func:`!PyMonitoring_EnterScope`. diff --git a/Doc/c-api/time.rst b/Doc/c-api/time.rst index 5cfdef71b3e191..7032cc48aa6913 100644 --- a/Doc/c-api/time.rst +++ b/Doc/c-api/time.rst @@ -1,5 +1,7 @@ .. highlight:: c +.. _c-api-time: + PyTime C API ============ diff --git a/Doc/library/sys.monitoring.rst b/Doc/library/sys.monitoring.rst index 3ead20815fa30e..ac8bcceaca5aeb 100644 --- a/Doc/library/sys.monitoring.rst +++ b/Doc/library/sys.monitoring.rst @@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ Per code object events Events can also be controlled on a per code object basis. The functions defined below which accept a :class:`types.CodeType` should be prepared to accept a look-alike object from functions which are not defined -in Python (see :ref:`monitoring`). +in Python (see :ref:`c-api-monitoring`). .. function:: get_local_events(tool_id: int, code: CodeType, /) -> int diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/3.13.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/3.13.rst index 4d1a10155c4617..96fee0f604ccc7 100644 --- a/Doc/whatsnew/3.13.rst +++ b/Doc/whatsnew/3.13.rst @@ -159,7 +159,8 @@ C API improvements: * The :doc:`PyTime C API ` has been added, providing access to system clocks. * :c:type:`PyMutex` is a new lightweight mutex that occupies a single byte. -* :doc:`C-API support ` was added for generating :pep:`669` monitoring events. +* There is a new :ref:`suite of functions ` + for generating :pep:`669` monitoring events in the C API. New typing features: @@ -2008,228 +2009,497 @@ C API Changes New Features ------------ -* You no longer have to define the ``PY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN`` macro before including - :file:`Python.h` when using ``#`` formats in - :ref:`format codes `. - APIs accepting the format codes always use ``Py_ssize_t`` for ``#`` formats. - (Contributed by Inada Naoki in :gh:`104922`.) +* Add the :ref:`PyMonitoring C API ` + for generating :pep:`669` monitoring events: + + * :c:type:`PyMonitoringState` + * :c:func:`PyMonitoring_FirePyStartEvent` + * :c:func:`PyMonitoring_FirePyResumeEvent` + * :c:func:`PyMonitoring_FirePyReturnEvent` + * :c:func:`PyMonitoring_FirePyYieldEvent` + * :c:func:`PyMonitoring_FireCallEvent` + * :c:func:`PyMonitoring_FireLineEvent` + * :c:func:`PyMonitoring_FireJumpEvent` + * :c:func:`PyMonitoring_FireBranchEvent` + * :c:func:`PyMonitoring_FireCReturnEvent` + * :c:func:`PyMonitoring_FirePyThrowEvent` + * :c:func:`PyMonitoring_FireRaiseEvent` + * :c:func:`PyMonitoring_FireCRaiseEvent` + * :c:func:`PyMonitoring_FireReraiseEvent` + * :c:func:`PyMonitoring_FireExceptionHandledEvent` + * :c:func:`PyMonitoring_FirePyUnwindEvent` + * :c:func:`PyMonitoring_FireStopIterationEvent` + * :c:func:`PyMonitoring_EnterScope` + * :c:func:`PyMonitoring_ExitScope` -* The *keywords* parameter of :c:func:`PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords` and - :c:func:`PyArg_VaParseTupleAndKeywords` now has type :c:expr:`char * const *` - in C and :c:expr:`const char * const *` in C++, instead of :c:expr:`char **`. - It makes these functions compatible with arguments of type - :c:expr:`const char * const *`, :c:expr:`const char **` or - :c:expr:`char * const *` in C++ and :c:expr:`char * const *` in C - without an explicit type cast. - This can be overridden with the :c:macro:`PY_CXX_CONST` macro. - (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`65210`.) + (Contributed by Irit Katriel in :gh:`111997`). -* Add :c:func:`PyImport_AddModuleRef`: similar to - :c:func:`PyImport_AddModule`, but return a :term:`strong reference` instead - of a :term:`borrowed reference`. - (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`105922`.) +* Add :c:type:`PyMutex`, a lightweight mutex that occupies a single byte, + and the new :c:func:`PyMutex_Lock` and :c:func:`PyMutex_Unlock` functions. + :c:func:`!PyMutex_Lock` will release the :term:`GIL` (if currently held) + if the operation needs to block. + (Contributed by Sam Gross in :gh:`108724`.) -* Add :c:func:`PyWeakref_GetRef` function: similar to - :c:func:`PyWeakref_GetObject` but returns a :term:`strong reference`, or - ``NULL`` if the referent is no longer live. - (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`105927`.) +* Add the :ref:`PyTime C API ` to provide access to system clocks: -* Add :c:func:`PyObject_GetOptionalAttr` and - :c:func:`PyObject_GetOptionalAttrString`, variants of - :c:func:`PyObject_GetAttr` and :c:func:`PyObject_GetAttrString` which - don't raise :exc:`AttributeError` if the attribute is not found. - These variants are more convenient and faster if the missing attribute - should not be treated as a failure. - (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`106521`.) + * :c:type:`PyTime_t`. + * :c:var:`PyTime_MIN` and :c:var:`PyTime_MAX`. + * :c:func:`PyTime_AsSecondsDouble`. + * :c:func:`PyTime_Monotonic`. + * :c:func:`PyTime_MonotonicRaw`. + * :c:func:`PyTime_PerfCounter`. + * :c:func:`PyTime_PerfCounterRaw`. + * :c:func:`PyTime_Time`. + * :c:func:`PyTime_TimeRaw`. -* Add :c:func:`PyMapping_GetOptionalItem` and - :c:func:`PyMapping_GetOptionalItemString`: variants of - :c:func:`PyObject_GetItem` and :c:func:`PyMapping_GetItemString` which don't - raise :exc:`KeyError` if the key is not found. - These variants are more convenient and faster if the missing key should not - be treated as a failure. - (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`106307`.) + (Contributed by Victor Stinner and Petr Viktorin in :gh:`110850`.) -* Add fixed variants of functions which silently ignore errors: +* Add the :c:func:`PyDict_ContainsString` function + with the same behaviour as :c:func:`PyDict_Contains`, + but *key* is specified as a :c:expr:`const char*` UTF-8 encoded bytes string, + rather than a :c:expr:`PyObject*`. + (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`108314`.) + +* Add the :c:func:`PyDict_GetItemRef` and :c:func:`PyDict_GetItemStringRef` + functions, + which behave similarly to :c:func:`PyDict_GetItemWithError`, + but return a :term:`strong reference` instead of a :term:`borrowed reference`. + Moreover, these functions return ``-1`` on error, + removing the need to check :c:func:`!PyErr_Occurred`. + (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`106004`.) - - :c:func:`PyObject_HasAttrWithError` replaces :c:func:`PyObject_HasAttr`. - - :c:func:`PyObject_HasAttrStringWithError` replaces :c:func:`PyObject_HasAttrString`. - - :c:func:`PyMapping_HasKeyWithError` replaces :c:func:`PyMapping_HasKey`. - - :c:func:`PyMapping_HasKeyStringWithError` replaces :c:func:`PyMapping_HasKeyString`. +* Add the :c:func:`PyDict_SetDefaultRef` function, + which behaves similarly to :c:func:`PyDict_SetDefault`, + but returns a :term:`strong reference` instead of a :term:`borrowed reference`. + This function returns ``-1`` on error, + ``0`` on insertion, + and ``1`` if the key was already present in the dictionary. + (Contributed by Sam Gross in :gh:`112066`.) - New functions return not only ``1`` for true and ``0`` for false, but also - ``-1`` for error. +* Add the :c:func:`PyDict_Pop` and :c:func:`PyDict_PopString` functions + to remove a key from a dictionary and optionally return the removed value. + This is similar to :meth:`dict.pop`, + though there is no default value, + and :exc:`KeyError` is not raised for missing keys. + (Contributed by Stefan Behnel and Victor Stinner in :gh:`111262`.) - (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`108511`.) +* Add the :c:func:`PyMapping_GetOptionalItem` + and :c:func:`PyMapping_GetOptionalItemString` functions + as alternatives to :c:func:`PyObject_GetItem` + and :c:func:`PyMapping_GetItemString` respectively. + The new functions do not raise :exc:`KeyError` + if the requested key is missing from the mapping. + These variants are more convenient and faster + if a missing key should not be treated as a failure. + (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`106307`.) -* If Python is built in :ref:`debug mode ` or :option:`with - assertions <--with-assertions>`, :c:func:`PyTuple_SET_ITEM` and - :c:func:`PyList_SET_ITEM` now check the index argument with an assertion. - (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`106168`.) +* Add the :c:func:`PyObject_GetOptionalAttr` + and :c:func:`PyObject_GetOptionalAttrString` functions + as alternatives to :c:func:`PyObject_GetAttr` + and :c:func:`PyObject_GetAttrString` respectively. + The new functions do not raise :exc:`AttributeError` + if the requested attribute is not found on the object. + These variants are more convenient and faster + if the missing attribute should not be treated as a failure. + (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`106521`.) -* Add :c:func:`PyModule_Add` function: similar to - :c:func:`PyModule_AddObjectRef` and :c:func:`PyModule_AddObject` but - always steals a reference to the value. - (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`86493`.) +* Add the :c:func:`PyErr_FormatUnraisable` function + as an extension to :c:func:`PyErr_WriteUnraisable` + that allows customizing the warning message. + (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`108082`.) -* Add :c:func:`PyDict_GetItemRef` and :c:func:`PyDict_GetItemStringRef` - functions: similar to :c:func:`PyDict_GetItemWithError` but returning a - :term:`strong reference` instead of a :term:`borrowed reference`. Moreover, - these functions return -1 on error and so checking ``PyErr_Occurred()`` is - not needed. - (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`106004`.) +* Add new functions that return a :term:`strong reference` instead of + a :term:`borrowed reference` for frame locals, globals, and builtins, + as part of :ref:`PEP 667 `: -* Added :c:func:`PyDict_SetDefaultRef`, which is similar to - :c:func:`PyDict_SetDefault` but returns a :term:`strong reference` instead of - a :term:`borrowed reference`. This function returns ``-1`` on error, ``0`` on - insertion, and ``1`` if the key was already present in the dictionary. - (Contributed by Sam Gross in :gh:`112066`.) + * :c:func:`PyEval_GetFrameBuiltins` replaces :c:func:`PyEval_GetBuiltins` + * :c:func:`PyEval_GetFrameGlobals` replaces :c:func:`PyEval_GetGlobals` + * :c:func:`PyEval_GetFrameLocals` replaces :c:func:`PyEval_GetLocals` -* Add :c:func:`PyDict_ContainsString` function: same as - :c:func:`PyDict_Contains`, but *key* is specified as a :c:expr:`const char*` - UTF-8 encoded bytes string, rather than a :c:expr:`PyObject*`. - (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`108314`.) + (Contributed by Mark Shannon and Tian Gao in :gh:`74929`.) -* Added :c:func:`PyList_GetItemRef` function: similar to - :c:func:`PyList_GetItem` but returns a :term:`strong reference` instead of - a :term:`borrowed reference`. +* Add the :c:func:`Py_GetConstant` and :c:func:`Py_GetConstantBorrowed` + functions to get :term:`strong ` + or :term:`borrowed ` references to constants. + For example, ``Py_GetConstant(Py_CONSTANT_ZERO)`` returns a strong reference + to the constant zero. + (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`115754`.) + +* Add the :c:func:`PyImport_AddModuleRef` function + as a replacement for :c:func:`PyImport_AddModule` + that returns a :term:`strong reference` instead of a :term:`borrowed reference`. + (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`105922`.) -* Add :c:func:`Py_IsFinalizing` function: check if the main Python interpreter is +* Add the :c:func:`Py_IsFinalizing` function to check + whether the main Python interpreter is :term:`shutting down `. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`108014`.) -* Add :c:func:`PyLong_AsInt` function: similar to :c:func:`PyLong_AsLong`, but - store the result in a C :c:expr:`int` instead of a C :c:expr:`long`. - Previously, it was known as the private function :c:func:`!_PyLong_AsInt` - (with an underscore prefix). +* Add the :c:func:`PyList_GetItemRef` function + as a replacement for :c:func:`PyList_GetItem` + that returns a :term:`strong reference` instead of a :term:`borrowed reference`. + (Contributed by Sam Gross in :gh:`114329`.) + +* Add the :c:func:`PyList_Extend` and :c:func:`PyList_Clear` functions, + mirroring the Python :meth:`!list.extend` and :meth:`!list.clear` methods. + (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`111138`.) + +* Add the :c:func:`PyLong_AsInt` function. + It behaves similarly to :c:func:`PyLong_AsLong`, + but stores the result in a C :c:expr:`int` instead of a C :c:expr:`long`. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`108014`.) -* Python built with :file:`configure` :option:`--with-trace-refs` (tracing - references) now supports the :ref:`Limited API `. - (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`108634`.) +* Add the :c:func:`PyLong_AsNativeBytes`, :c:func:`PyLong_FromNativeBytes`, + and :c:func:`PyLong_FromUnsignedNativeBytes` functions + to simplify converting between native integer types + and Python :class:`int` objects. + (Contributed by Steve Dower in :gh:`111140`.) -* Add :c:func:`PyObject_VisitManagedDict` and - :c:func:`PyObject_ClearManagedDict` functions which must be called by the - traverse and clear functions of a type using - :c:macro:`Py_TPFLAGS_MANAGED_DICT` flag. The `pythoncapi-compat project - `__ can be used to get these - functions on Python 3.11 and 3.12. +* Add :c:func:`PyModule_Add` function, which is similar to + :c:func:`PyModule_AddObjectRef` and :c:func:`PyModule_AddObject`, + but always steals a reference to the value. + (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`86493`.) + +* Add the :c:func:`PyObject_GenericHash` function + that implements the default hashing function of a Python object. + (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`113024`.) + +* Add the :c:func:`Py_HashPointer` function to hash a raw pointer. + (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`111545`.) + +* Add the :c:func:`PyObject_VisitManagedDict` and + :c:func:`PyObject_ClearManagedDict` functions. + which must be called by the traverse and clear functions of a type using + the :c:macro:`Py_TPFLAGS_MANAGED_DICT` flag. + The `pythoncapi-compat project`_ can be used to + use these functions with Python 3.11 and 3.12. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`107073`.) -* Add :c:func:`PyUnicode_EqualToUTF8AndSize` and :c:func:`PyUnicode_EqualToUTF8` - functions: compare Unicode object with a :c:expr:`const char*` UTF-8 encoded - string and return true (``1``) if they are equal, or false (``0``) otherwise. +* Add the :c:func:`PyRefTracer_SetTracer` + and :c:func:`PyRefTracer_GetTracer` functions, + which enable tracking object creation and destruction + in the same way that the :mod:`tracemalloc` module does. + (Contributed by Pablo Galindo in :gh:`93502`.) + +* Add the :c:func:`PySys_AuditTuple` function + as an alternative to :c:func:`PySys_Audit` + that takes event arguments as a Python :class:`tuple` object. + (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`85283`.) + +* Add the :c:func:`PyThreadState_GetUnchecked()` function + as an alternative to :c:func:`PyThreadState_Get()` + that doesn't kill the process with a fatal error if it is ``NULL``. + The caller is responsible for checking if the result is ``NULL``. + (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`108867`.) + +* Add the :c:func:`PyType_GetFullyQualifiedName` function + to get the type's fully qualified name. + The module name is prepended if ``type.__module__`` is a string + and is not equal to either ``'builtins'`` or ``'__main__'``. + (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`111696`.) + +* Add the :c:func:`PyType_GetModuleName` function + to get the type's module name. + This is equivalent to getting the ``type.__module__`` attribute. + (Contributed by Eric Snow and Victor Stinner in :gh:`111696`.) + +* Add the :c:func:`PyUnicode_EqualToUTF8AndSize` + and :c:func:`PyUnicode_EqualToUTF8` functions + to compare a Unicode object with a :c:expr:`const char*` UTF-8 encoded string + and ``1`` if they are equal or ``0`` otherwise. These functions do not raise exceptions. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`110289`.) -* Add :c:func:`PyThreadState_GetUnchecked()` function: similar to - :c:func:`PyThreadState_Get()`, but don't kill the process with a fatal error - if it is NULL. The caller is responsible to check if the result is NULL. - Previously, the function was private and known as - ``_PyThreadState_UncheckedGet()``. - (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`108867`.) +* Add the :c:func:`PyWeakref_GetRef` function + as an alternative to :c:func:`PyWeakref_GetObject` + that returns a :term:`strong reference` + or ``NULL`` if the referent is no longer live. + (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`105927`.) -* Add :c:func:`PySys_AuditTuple` function: similar to :c:func:`PySys_Audit`, - but pass event arguments as a Python :class:`tuple` object. - (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`85283`.) +* Add fixed variants of functions which silently ignore errors: + + * :c:func:`PyObject_HasAttrWithError` replaces :c:func:`PyObject_HasAttr`. + * :c:func:`PyObject_HasAttrStringWithError` + replaces :c:func:`PyObject_HasAttrString`. + * :c:func:`PyMapping_HasKeyWithError` replaces :c:func:`PyMapping_HasKey`. + * :c:func:`PyMapping_HasKeyStringWithError` + replaces :c:func:`PyMapping_HasKeyString`. + + The new functions return ``-1`` for errors + and the standard ``1`` for true and ``0`` for false. + + (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`108511`.) -* :c:func:`PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords` now supports non-ASCII keyword - parameter names. + +Changed C APIs +-------------- + +* The *keywords* parameter of :c:func:`PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords` + and :c:func:`PyArg_VaParseTupleAndKeywords` + now has type :c:expr:`char * const *` in C + and :c:expr:`const char * const *` in C++, + instead of :c:expr:`char **`. + In C++, this makes these functions compatible with arguments + of type :c:expr:`const char * const *`, :c:expr:`const char **`, + or :c:expr:`char * const *` without an explicit type cast. + In C, the functions only support arguments of type :c:expr:`char * const *`. + This can be overridden with the :c:macro:`PY_CXX_CONST` macro. + (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`65210`.) + +* :c:func:`PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords` now supports + non-ASCII keyword parameter names. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`110815`.) -* Add :c:func:`PyMem_RawMalloc`, :c:func:`PyMem_RawCalloc`, - :c:func:`PyMem_RawRealloc` and :c:func:`PyMem_RawFree` to the limited C API - (version 3.13). - (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`85283`.) +* Add support for the ``%T``, ``%#T``, ``%N`` and ``%#N`` formats + to :c:func:`PyUnicode_FromFormat`: -* Add :c:func:`PySys_Audit` and :c:func:`PySys_AuditTuple` functions to the - limited C API. - (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`85283`.) + * ``%T``: Get the fully qualified name of an object type + * ``%#T``: As above, but use a colon as the separator + * ``%N``: Get the fully qualified name of a type + * ``%#N``: As above, but use a colon as the separator -* Add :c:func:`PyErr_FormatUnraisable` function: similar to - :c:func:`PyErr_WriteUnraisable`, but allow customizing the warning message. - (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`108082`.) + See :pep:`737` for more information. + (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`111696`.) -* Add :c:func:`PyList_Extend` and :c:func:`PyList_Clear` functions: similar to - Python ``list.extend()`` and ``list.clear()`` methods. - (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`111138`.) +* You no longer have to define the ``PY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN`` macro before + including :file:`Python.h` when using ``#`` formats in + :ref:`format codes `. + APIs accepting the format codes always use ``Py_ssize_t`` for ``#`` formats. + (Contributed by Inada Naoki in :gh:`104922`.) -* Add :c:func:`PyDict_Pop` and :c:func:`PyDict_PopString` functions: remove a - key from a dictionary and optionally return the removed value. This is - similar to :meth:`dict.pop`, but without the default value and not raising - :exc:`KeyError` if the key is missing. - (Contributed by Stefan Behnel and Victor Stinner in :gh:`111262`.) +* If Python is built in :ref:`debug mode ` + or :option:`with assertions <--with-assertions>`, + :c:func:`PyTuple_SET_ITEM` and :c:func:`PyList_SET_ITEM` + now check the index argument with an assertion. + (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`106168`.) -* Add :c:func:`Py_HashPointer` function to hash a pointer. - (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`111545`.) -* Add :c:func:`PyObject_GenericHash` function that implements the default - hashing function of a Python object. - (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`113024`.) +Limited C API Changes +--------------------- -* Add PyTime C API: +* The following functions are now included in the Limited C API: - * :c:type:`PyTime_t` type. - * :c:var:`PyTime_MIN` and :c:var:`PyTime_MAX` constants. - * Add functions: + * :c:func:`PyMem_RawMalloc` + * :c:func:`PyMem_RawCalloc` + * :c:func:`PyMem_RawRealloc` + * :c:func:`PyMem_RawFree` + * :c:func:`PySys_Audit` + * :c:func:`PySys_AuditTuple` + * :c:func:`PyType_GetModuleByDef` - * :c:func:`PyTime_AsSecondsDouble`. - * :c:func:`PyTime_Monotonic`. - * :c:func:`PyTime_MonotonicRaw`. - * :c:func:`PyTime_PerfCounter`. - * :c:func:`PyTime_PerfCounterRaw`. - * :c:func:`PyTime_Time`. - * :c:func:`PyTime_TimeRaw`. + (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`85283`, :gh:`85283`, and :gh:`116936`.) - (Contributed by Victor Stinner and Petr Viktorin in :gh:`110850`.) +* Python built with :option:`--with-trace-refs` (tracing references) + now supports the :ref:`Limited API `. + (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`108634`.) -* Add :c:func:`PyLong_AsNativeBytes`, :c:func:`PyLong_FromNativeBytes` and - :c:func:`PyLong_FromUnsignedNativeBytes` functions to simplify converting - between native integer types and Python :class:`int` objects. - (Contributed by Steve Dower in :gh:`111140`.) -* Add :c:func:`PyType_GetFullyQualifiedName` function to get the type's fully - qualified name. Equivalent to ``f"{type.__module__}.{type.__qualname__}"``, - or ``type.__qualname__`` if ``type.__module__`` is not a string or is equal - to ``"builtins"``. - (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`111696`.) +Removed C APIs +-------------- -* Add :c:func:`PyType_GetModuleName` function to get the type's module name. - Equivalent to getting the ``type.__module__`` attribute. - (Contributed by Eric Snow and Victor Stinner in :gh:`111696`.) +* Remove several functions, macros, variables, etc + with names prefixed by ``_Py`` or ``_PY`` (which are considered private). + If your project is affected by one of these removals + and you believe that the removed API should remain available, + please :ref:`open a new issue ` to request a public C API + and add ``cc: @vstinner`` to the issue to notify Victor Stinner. + (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`106320`.) -* Add support for ``%T``, ``%#T``, ``%N`` and ``%#N`` formats to - :c:func:`PyUnicode_FromFormat`: format the fully qualified name of an object - type and of a type: call :c:func:`PyType_GetModuleName`. See :pep:`737` for - more information. - (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`111696`.) +* Remove old buffer protocols deprecated in Python 3.0. + Use :ref:`bufferobjects` instead. -* Add :c:func:`Py_GetConstant` and :c:func:`Py_GetConstantBorrowed` functions - to get constants. For example, ``Py_GetConstant(Py_CONSTANT_ZERO)`` returns a - :term:`strong reference` to the constant zero. - (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`115754`.) + * :c:func:`!PyObject_CheckReadBuffer`: + Use :c:func:`PyObject_CheckBuffer` to test + whether the object supports the buffer protocol. + Note that :c:func:`PyObject_CheckBuffer` doesn't guarantee + that :c:func:`PyObject_GetBuffer` will succeed. + To test if the object is actually readable, + see the next example of :c:func:`PyObject_GetBuffer`. -* Add :c:func:`PyType_GetModuleByDef` to the limited C API - (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`116936`.) + * :c:func:`!PyObject_AsCharBuffer`, :c:func:`!PyObject_AsReadBuffer`: + Use :c:func:`PyObject_GetBuffer` and :c:func:`PyBuffer_Release` instead: -* Add two new functions to the C-API, :c:func:`PyRefTracer_SetTracer` and - :c:func:`PyRefTracer_GetTracer`, that allow to track object creation and - destruction the same way the :mod:`tracemalloc` module does. (Contributed - by Pablo Galindo in :gh:`93502`.) + .. code-block:: c -* Add :c:func:`PyEval_GetFrameBuiltins`, :c:func:`PyEval_GetFrameGlobals`, and - :c:func:`PyEval_GetFrameLocals` to the C API. These replacements for - :c:func:`PyEval_GetBuiltins`, :c:func:`PyEval_GetGlobals`, and - :c:func:`PyEval_GetLocals` return :term:`strong references ` - rather than borrowed references. (Added as part of :pep:`667`.) + Py_buffer view; + if (PyObject_GetBuffer(obj, &view, PyBUF_SIMPLE) < 0) { + return NULL; + } + // Use `view.buf` and `view.len` to read from the buffer. + // You may need to cast buf as `(const char*)view.buf`. + PyBuffer_Release(&view); -* Add :c:type:`PyMutex` API, a lightweight mutex that occupies a single byte. - The :c:func:`PyMutex_Lock` function will release the GIL (if currently held) - if the operation needs to block. - (Contributed by Sam Gross in :gh:`108724`.) + * :c:func:`!PyObject_AsWriteBuffer`: + Use :c:func:`PyObject_GetBuffer` and :c:func:`PyBuffer_Release` instead: -* Add C API functions for generating :pep:`669` monitoring events. - (Contributed by Irit Katriel in :gh:`111997`). + .. code-block:: c + + Py_buffer view; + if (PyObject_GetBuffer(obj, &view, PyBUF_WRITABLE) < 0) { + return NULL; + } + // Use `view.buf` and `view.len` to write to the buffer. + PyBuffer_Release(&view); + + (Contributed by Inada Naoki in :gh:`85275`.) + +* Remove various functions deprecated in Python 3.9: + + * :c:func:`!PyEval_CallObject`, :c:func:`!PyEval_CallObjectWithKeywords`: + Use :c:func:`PyObject_CallNoArgs` or :c:func:`PyObject_Call` instead. + + .. warning:: + + In :c:func:`PyObject_Call`, positional arguments must be a :class:`tuple` + and must not be ``NULL``, + and keyword arguments must be a :class:`dict` or ``NULL``, + whereas the removed functions checked argument types + and accepted ``NULL`` positional and keyword arguments. + To replace ``PyEval_CallObjectWithKeywords(func, NULL, kwargs)`` with + :c:func:`PyObject_Call`, + pass an empty tuple as positional arguments using + :c:func:`PyTuple_New(0) `. + + * :c:func:`!PyEval_CallFunction`: + Use :c:func:`PyObject_CallFunction` instead. + * :c:func:`!PyEval_CallMethod`: + Use :c:func:`PyObject_CallMethod` instead. + * :c:func:`!PyCFunction_Call`: + Use :c:func:`PyObject_Call` instead. + + (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`105107`.) + +* Remove the following old functions to configure the Python initialization, + deprecated in Python 3.11: + + * :c:func:`!PySys_AddWarnOptionUnicode`: + Use :c:member:`PyConfig.warnoptions` instead. + * :c:func:`!PySys_AddWarnOption`: + Use :c:member:`PyConfig.warnoptions` instead. + * :c:func:`!PySys_AddXOption`: + Use :c:member:`PyConfig.xoptions` instead. + * :c:func:`!PySys_HasWarnOptions`: + Use :c:member:`PyConfig.xoptions` instead. + * :c:func:`!PySys_SetPath`: + Set :c:member:`PyConfig.module_search_paths` instead. + * :c:func:`!Py_SetPath`: + Set :c:member:`PyConfig.module_search_paths` instead. + * :c:func:`!Py_SetStandardStreamEncoding`: + Set :c:member:`PyConfig.stdio_encoding` instead, + and set also maybe :c:member:`PyConfig.legacy_windows_stdio` (on Windows). + * :c:func:`!_Py_SetProgramFullPath`: + Set :c:member:`PyConfig.executable` instead. + + Use the new :c:type:`PyConfig` API of the :ref:`Python Initialization + Configuration ` instead (:pep:`587`), added to Python 3.8. + (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`105145`.) + +* Remove :c:func:`!PyEval_AcquireLock` and :c:func:`!PyEval_ReleaseLock` functions, + deprecated in Python 3.2. + They didn't update the current thread state. + They can be replaced with: + + * :c:func:`PyEval_SaveThread` and :c:func:`PyEval_RestoreThread`; + * low-level :c:func:`PyEval_AcquireThread` and :c:func:`PyEval_RestoreThread`; + * or :c:func:`PyGILState_Ensure` and :c:func:`PyGILState_Release`. + + (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`105182`.) + +* Remove the :c:func:`!PyEval_ThreadsInitialized` function, + deprecated in Python 3.9. + Since Python 3.7, :c:func:`!Py_Initialize` always creates the GIL: + calling :c:func:`!PyEval_InitThreads` does nothing and + :c:func:`!PyEval_ThreadsInitialized` always returns non-zero. + (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`105182`.) + +* Remove the :c:func:`!_PyInterpreterState_Get` alias to + :c:func:`PyInterpreterState_Get()` + which was kept for backward compatibility with Python 3.8. + The `pythoncapi-compat project`_ can be used to get + :c:func:`PyInterpreterState_Get()` on Python 3.8 and older. + (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`106320`.) + +* Remove the private :c:func:`!_PyObject_FastCall` function: + use :c:func:`!PyObject_Vectorcall` which is available since Python 3.8 + (:pep:`590`). + (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`106023`.) + +* Remove the ``cpython/pytime.h`` header file, + which only contained private functions. + (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`106316`.) + +* Remove the undocumented ``PY_TIMEOUT_MAX`` constant from the limited C API. + (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`110014`.) + +* Remove the old trashcan macros ``Py_TRASHCAN_SAFE_BEGIN`` + and ``Py_TRASHCAN_SAFE_END``. + Replace both with the new macros ``Py_TRASHCAN_BEGIN`` + and ``Py_TRASHCAN_END``. + (Contributed by Irit Katriel in :gh:`105111`.) + +Deprecated C APIs +----------------- + +* Deprecate old Python initialization functions: + + * :c:func:`PySys_ResetWarnOptions`: + Clear :data:`sys.warnoptions` and :data:`!warnings.filters` instead. + * :c:func:`Py_GetExecPrefix`: + Get :data:`sys.exec_prefix` instead. + * :c:func:`Py_GetPath`: + Get :data:`sys.path` instead. + * :c:func:`Py_GetPrefix`: + Get :data:`sys.prefix` instead. + * :c:func:`Py_GetProgramFullPath`: + Get :data:`sys.executable` instead. + * :c:func:`Py_GetProgramName`: + Get :data:`sys.executable` instead. + * :c:func:`Py_GetPythonHome`: + Get :c:member:`PyConfig.home` + or the :envvar:`PYTHONHOME` environment variable instead. + + (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`105145`.) + +* :term:`Soft deprecate ` the + :c:func:`PyEval_GetBuiltins`, :c:func:`PyEval_GetGlobals`, + and :c:func:`PyEval_GetLocals` functions, + which return a :term:`borrowed reference`. + (Soft deprecated as part of :pep:`667`.) + +* Deprecate the :c:func:`PyImport_ImportModuleNoBlock` function, + which is just an alias to :c:func:`PyImport_ImportModule` since Python 3.3. + (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`105396`.) + +* :term:`Soft deprecate ` the + :c:func:`PyModule_AddObject` function. + It should be replaced with :c:func:`PyModule_Add` + or :c:func:`PyModule_AddObjectRef`. + (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`86493`.) + +* Deprecate the old ``Py_UNICODE`` and ``PY_UNICODE_TYPE`` types. + Use the :c:type:`wchar_t` type directly instead. + Since Python 3.3, ``Py_UNICODE`` and ``PY_UNICODE_TYPE`` + are just aliases to :c:type:`!wchar_t`. + (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`105156`.) + +* Deprecate the :c:func:`PyWeakref_GetObject` and + :c:func:`PyWeakref_GET_OBJECT` functions, + which return a :term:`borrowed reference`. + Replace them with the new :c:func:`PyWeakref_GetRef` function, + which returns a :term:`strong reference`. + The `pythoncapi-compat project`_ can be used to get + :c:func:`PyWeakref_GetRef` on Python 3.12 and older. + (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`105927`.) + +.. Add deprecations above alphabetically, not here at the end. + +.. include:: ../deprecations/c-api-pending-removal-in-3.14.rst + +.. include:: ../deprecations/c-api-pending-removal-in-3.15.rst + +.. include:: ../deprecations/c-api-pending-removal-in-future.rst + +.. _pythoncapi-compat project: https://github.com/python/pythoncapi-compat/ Build Changes ============= @@ -2295,7 +2565,7 @@ Changes in the Python API main interpreter. Any library or application that provides a custom ``_thread`` module - must provide ``_is_main_interpreter()``, just like the module's + must provide :func:`!_is_main_interpreter`, just like the module's other "private" attributes. (See :gh:`112826`.) @@ -2347,22 +2617,22 @@ Changes in the C API -------------------- * ``Python.h`` no longer includes the ```` standard header. It was - included for the ``finite()`` function which is now provided by the + included for the :c:func:`!finite` function which is now provided by the ```` header. It should now be included explicitly if needed. Remove also the ``HAVE_IEEEFP_H`` macro. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`108765`.) * ``Python.h`` no longer includes these standard header files: ````, ```` and ````. If needed, they should now be - included explicitly. For example, ```` provides the ``clock()`` and - ``gmtime()`` functions, ```` provides the ``select()`` - function, and ```` provides the ``futimes()``, ``gettimeofday()`` - and ``setitimer()`` functions. + included explicitly. For example, ```` provides the :c:func:`!clock` and + :c:func:`!gmtime` functions, ```` provides the :c:func:`!select` + function, and ```` provides the :c:func:`!futimes`, :c:func:`!gettimeofday` + and :c:func:`!setitimer` functions. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`108765`.) * On Windows, ``Python.h`` no longer includes the ```` standard header file. If needed, it should now be included explicitly. For example, it - provides ``offsetof()`` function, and ``size_t`` and ``ptrdiff_t`` types. + provides :c:func:`!offsetof` function, and ``size_t`` and ``ptrdiff_t`` types. Including ```` explicitly was already needed by all other platforms, the ``HAVE_STDDEF_H`` macro is only defined on Windows. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`108765`.) @@ -2443,175 +2713,6 @@ Changes in the C API is redundant now that :c:func:`PyFrame_GetLocals` returns a write-through proxy for :term:`optimized scopes `. (Changed as part of :pep:`667`.) -Removed C APIs --------------- - -* Remove many APIs (functions, macros, variables) with names prefixed by - ``_Py`` or ``_PY`` (considered as private API). If your project is affected - by one of these removals and you consider that the removed API should remain - available, please open a new issue to request a public C API and - add ``cc @vstinner`` to the issue to notify Victor Stinner. - (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`106320`.) - -* Remove functions deprecated in Python 3.9: - - * ``PyEval_CallObject()``, ``PyEval_CallObjectWithKeywords()``: use - :c:func:`PyObject_CallNoArgs` or :c:func:`PyObject_Call` instead. - Warning: :c:func:`PyObject_Call` positional arguments must be a - :class:`tuple` and must not be ``NULL``, keyword arguments must be a - :class:`dict` or ``NULL``, whereas removed functions checked arguments type - and accepted ``NULL`` positional and keyword arguments. - To replace ``PyEval_CallObjectWithKeywords(func, NULL, kwargs)`` with - :c:func:`PyObject_Call`, pass an empty tuple as positional arguments using - :c:func:`PyTuple_New(0) `. - * ``PyEval_CallFunction()``: use :c:func:`PyObject_CallFunction` instead. - * ``PyEval_CallMethod()``: use :c:func:`PyObject_CallMethod` instead. - * ``PyCFunction_Call()``: use :c:func:`PyObject_Call` instead. - - (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`105107`.) - -* Remove old buffer protocols deprecated in Python 3.0. Use :ref:`bufferobjects` instead. - - * :c:func:`!PyObject_CheckReadBuffer`: Use :c:func:`PyObject_CheckBuffer` to - test if the object supports the buffer protocol. - Note that :c:func:`PyObject_CheckBuffer` doesn't guarantee that - :c:func:`PyObject_GetBuffer` will succeed. - To test if the object is actually readable, see the next example - of :c:func:`PyObject_GetBuffer`. - - * :c:func:`!PyObject_AsCharBuffer`, :c:func:`!PyObject_AsReadBuffer`: - :c:func:`PyObject_GetBuffer` and :c:func:`PyBuffer_Release` instead: - - .. code-block:: c - - Py_buffer view; - if (PyObject_GetBuffer(obj, &view, PyBUF_SIMPLE) < 0) { - return NULL; - } - // Use `view.buf` and `view.len` to read from the buffer. - // You may need to cast buf as `(const char*)view.buf`. - PyBuffer_Release(&view); - - * :c:func:`!PyObject_AsWriteBuffer`: Use - :c:func:`PyObject_GetBuffer` and :c:func:`PyBuffer_Release` instead: - - .. code-block:: c - - Py_buffer view; - if (PyObject_GetBuffer(obj, &view, PyBUF_WRITABLE) < 0) { - return NULL; - } - // Use `view.buf` and `view.len` to write to the buffer. - PyBuffer_Release(&view); - - (Contributed by Inada Naoki in :gh:`85275`.) - -* Remove the following old functions to configure the Python initialization, - deprecated in Python 3.11: - - * ``PySys_AddWarnOptionUnicode()``: use :c:member:`PyConfig.warnoptions` instead. - * ``PySys_AddWarnOption()``: use :c:member:`PyConfig.warnoptions` instead. - * ``PySys_AddXOption()``: use :c:member:`PyConfig.xoptions` instead. - * ``PySys_HasWarnOptions()``: use :c:member:`PyConfig.xoptions` instead. - * ``PySys_SetPath()``: set :c:member:`PyConfig.module_search_paths` instead. - * ``Py_SetPath()``: set :c:member:`PyConfig.module_search_paths` instead. - * ``Py_SetStandardStreamEncoding()``: set :c:member:`PyConfig.stdio_encoding` - instead, and set also maybe :c:member:`PyConfig.legacy_windows_stdio` (on - Windows). - * ``_Py_SetProgramFullPath()``: set :c:member:`PyConfig.executable` instead. - - Use the new :c:type:`PyConfig` API of the :ref:`Python Initialization - Configuration ` instead (:pep:`587`), added to Python 3.8. - (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`105145`.) - -* Remove ``PyEval_ThreadsInitialized()`` - function, deprecated in Python 3.9. Since Python 3.7, ``Py_Initialize()`` - always creates the GIL: calling ``PyEval_InitThreads()`` does nothing and - ``PyEval_ThreadsInitialized()`` always returned non-zero. - (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`105182`.) - -* Remove ``PyEval_AcquireLock()`` and ``PyEval_ReleaseLock()`` functions, - deprecated in Python 3.2. They didn't update the current thread state. - They can be replaced with: - - * :c:func:`PyEval_SaveThread` and :c:func:`PyEval_RestoreThread`; - * low-level :c:func:`PyEval_AcquireThread` and :c:func:`PyEval_RestoreThread`; - * or :c:func:`PyGILState_Ensure` and :c:func:`PyGILState_Release`. - - (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`105182`.) - -* Remove private ``_PyObject_FastCall()`` function: - use ``PyObject_Vectorcall()`` which is available since Python 3.8 - (:pep:`590`). - (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`106023`.) - -* Remove ``cpython/pytime.h`` header file: it only contained private functions. - (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`106316`.) - -* Remove ``_PyInterpreterState_Get()`` alias to - :c:func:`PyInterpreterState_Get()` which was kept for backward compatibility - with Python 3.8. The `pythoncapi-compat project - `__ can be used to get - :c:func:`PyInterpreterState_Get()` on Python 3.8 and older. - (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`106320`.) - -* The :c:func:`PyModule_AddObject` function is now :term:`soft deprecated`: - :c:func:`PyModule_Add` or :c:func:`PyModule_AddObjectRef` functions should - be used instead. - (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`86493`.) - -* Remove undocumented ``PY_TIMEOUT_MAX`` constant from the limited C API. - (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`110014`.) - -Deprecated C APIs ------------------ - -* Deprecate the old ``Py_UNICODE`` and ``PY_UNICODE_TYPE`` types: use directly - the :c:type:`wchar_t` type instead. Since Python 3.3, ``Py_UNICODE`` and - ``PY_UNICODE_TYPE`` are just aliases to :c:type:`wchar_t`. - (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`105156`.) - -* Deprecate old Python initialization functions: - - * :c:func:`PySys_ResetWarnOptions`: - clear :data:`sys.warnoptions` and :data:`!warnings.filters` instead. - * :c:func:`Py_GetExecPrefix`: get :data:`sys.exec_prefix` instead. - * :c:func:`Py_GetPath`: get :data:`sys.path` instead. - * :c:func:`Py_GetPrefix`: get :data:`sys.prefix` instead. - * :c:func:`Py_GetProgramFullPath`: get :data:`sys.executable` instead. - * :c:func:`Py_GetProgramName`: get :data:`sys.executable` instead. - * :c:func:`Py_GetPythonHome`: get :c:member:`PyConfig.home` or - :envvar:`PYTHONHOME` environment variable instead. - - Functions scheduled for removal in Python 3.15. - (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`105145`.) - -* Deprecate the :c:func:`PyImport_ImportModuleNoBlock` function which is just - an alias to :c:func:`PyImport_ImportModule` since Python 3.3. - Scheduled for removal in Python 3.15. - (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`105396`.) - -* Deprecate the :c:func:`PyWeakref_GetObject` and - :c:func:`PyWeakref_GET_OBJECT` functions, which return a :term:`borrowed - reference`: use the new :c:func:`PyWeakref_GetRef` function instead, it - returns a :term:`strong reference`. The `pythoncapi-compat project - `__ can be used to get - :c:func:`PyWeakref_GetRef` on Python 3.12 and older. - (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`105927`.) - -* Deprecate the :c:func:`PyEval_GetBuiltins`, :c:func:`PyEval_GetGlobals`, and - :c:func:`PyEval_GetLocals` functions, which return a :term:`borrowed reference`. - Refer to the deprecation notices on each function for their recommended replacements. - (Soft deprecated as part of :pep:`667`.) - -.. Add deprecations above alphabetically, not here at the end. - -.. include:: ../deprecations/c-api-pending-removal-in-3.14.rst - -.. include:: ../deprecations/c-api-pending-removal-in-3.15.rst - -.. include:: ../deprecations/c-api-pending-removal-in-future.rst - Regression Test Changes ======================= pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy