diff --git a/Doc/library/math.rst b/Doc/library/math.rst index dd2ba419b5bd12..6be61c99274eb7 100644 --- a/Doc/library/math.rst +++ b/Doc/library/math.rst @@ -26,6 +26,92 @@ The following functions are provided by this module. Except when explicitly noted otherwise, all return values are floats. +==================================================== ============================================ +**Number-theoretic and representation functions** +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- +:func:`ceil(x) ` Ceiling of *x*, the smallest integer greater than or equal to *x* +:func:`comb(n, k) ` Number of ways to choose *k* items from *n* items without repetition and without order +:func:`copysign(x, y) ` Magnitude (absolute value) of *x* with the sign of *y* +:func:`fabs(x) ` Absolute value of *x* +:func:`factorial(n) ` *n* factorial +:func:`floor (x) ` Floor of *x*, the largest integer less than or equal to *x* +:func:`fma(x, y, z) ` Fused multiply-add operation: ``(x * y) + z`` +:func:`fmod(x, y) ` Remainder of division ``x / y`` +:func:`frexp(x) ` Mantissa and exponent of *x* +:func:`fsum(iterable) ` Sum of values in the input *iterable* +:func:`gcd(*integers) ` Greatest common divisor of the integer arguments +:func:`isclose(a, b, rel_tol, abs_tol) ` Check if the values *a* and *b* are close to each other +:func:`isfinite(x) ` Check if *x* is neither an infinity nor a NaN +:func:`isinf(x) ` Check if *x* is a positive or negative infinity +:func:`isnan(x) ` Check if *x* is a NaN (not a number) +:func:`isqrt(n) ` Integer square root of a nonnegative integer *n* +:func:`lcm(*integers) ` Least common multiple of the integer arguments +:func:`ldexp(x, i) ` ``x * (2**i)``, inverse of function :func:`frexp` +:func:`modf(x) ` Fractional and integer parts of *x* +:func:`nextafter(x, y, steps) ` Floating-point value *steps* steps after *x* towards *y* +:func:`perm(n, k) ` Number of ways to choose *k* items from *n* items without repetition and with order +:func:`prod(iterable, start) ` Product of elements in the input *iterable* with a *start* value +:func:`remainder(x, y) ` Remainder of *x* with respect to *y* +:func:`sumprod(p, q) ` Sum of products from two iterables *p* and *q* +:func:`trunc(x) ` Integer part of *x* +:func:`ulp(x) ` Value of the least significant bit of *x* + +**Power and logarithmic functions** +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- +:func:`cbrt(x) ` Cube root of *x* +:func:`exp(x) ` *e* raised to the power *x* +:func:`exp2(x) ` *2* raised to the power *x* +:func:`expm1(x) ` *e* raised to the power *x*, minus 1 +:func:`log(x, base) ` Logarithm of *x* to the given base (*e* by default) +:func:`log1p(x) ` Natural logarithm of *1+x* (base *e*) +:func:`log2(x) ` Base-2 logarithm of *x* +:func:`log10(x) ` Base-10 logarithm of *x* +:func:`pow(x, y) ` *x* raised to the power *y* +:func:`sqrt(x) ` Square root of *x* + +**Trigonometric functions** +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- +:func:`acos(x) ` Arc cosine of *x* +:func:`asin(x) ` Arc sine of *x* +:func:`atan(x) ` Arc tangent of *x* +:func:`atan2(y, x) ` ``atan(y / x)`` +:func:`cos(x) ` Cosine of *x* +:func:`dist(p, q) ` Euclidean distance between two points *p* and *q* given as an iterable of coordinates +:func:`hypot(*coordinates) ` Euclidean norm of an iterable of coordinates +:func:`sin(x) ` Sine of *x* +:func:`tan(x) ` Tangent of *x* + +**Angular conversion** +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- +:func:`degrees(x) ` Convert angle *x* from radians to degrees +:func:`radians(x) ` Convert angle *x* from degrees to radians + +**Hyperbolic functions** +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- +:func:`acosh(x) ` Inverse hyperbolic cosine of *x* +:func:`asinh(x) ` Inverse hyperbolic sine of *x* +:func:`atanh(x) ` Inverse hyperbolic tangent of *x* +:func:`cosh(x) ` Hyperbolic cosine of *x* +:func:`sinh(x) ` Hyperbolic sine of *x* +:func:`tanh(x) ` Hyperbolic tangent of *x* + +**Special functions** +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- +:func:`erf(x) ` `Error function `_ at *x* +:func:`erfc(x) ` `Complementary error function `_ at *x* +:func:`gamma(x) ` `Gamma function `_ at *x* +:func:`lgamma(x) ` Natural logarithm of the absolute value of the `Gamma function `_ at *x* + +**Constants** +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- +:data:`pi` *π* = 3.141592... +:data:`e` *e* = 2.718281... +:data:`tau` *τ* = 2\ *π* = 6.283185... +:data:`inf` Positive infinity +:data:`nan` "Not a number" (NaN) +==================================================== ============================================ + + Number-theoretic and representation functions --------------------------------------------- @@ -447,11 +533,11 @@ Power and logarithmic functions .. function:: pow(x, y) - Return ``x`` raised to the power ``y``. Exceptional cases follow + Return *x* raised to the power *y*. Exceptional cases follow the IEEE 754 standard as far as possible. In particular, ``pow(1.0, x)`` and ``pow(x, 0.0)`` always return ``1.0``, even - when ``x`` is a zero or a NaN. If both ``x`` and ``y`` are finite, - ``x`` is negative, and ``y`` is not an integer then ``pow(x, y)`` + when *x* is a zero or a NaN. If both *x* and *y* are finite, + *x* is negative, and *y* is not an integer then ``pow(x, y)`` is undefined, and raises :exc:`ValueError`. Unlike the built-in ``**`` operator, :func:`math.pow` converts both pFad - Phonifier reborn

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