diff --git a/faq/windows.po b/faq/windows.po index 6efd39f547..33b20afcc6 100644 --- a/faq/windows.po +++ b/faq/windows.po @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Python 3.10\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2022-05-21 17:35+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2022-09-24 00:21+0000\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2022-06-30 23:53+0800\n" "Last-Translator: Adrian Liaw \n" "Language-Team: Chinese - TAIWAN (https://github.com/python/python-docs-zh-" @@ -118,8 +118,8 @@ msgid "" "prompt." msgstr "" "許多人將互動模式作為方便但可高度程式化的計算機。如果你要結束互動式 Python 對" -"話，請呼叫 :func:`exit` 函式或是按住 :kbd:`Ctrl` 鍵再輸入 :kbd:`Z`，然後按" -"下 \":kbd:`Enter`\" 鍵以返回 Windows 命令提示字元。" +"話，請呼叫 :func:`exit` 函式或是按住 :kbd:`Ctrl` 鍵再輸入 :kbd:`Z`，然後按下 " +"\":kbd:`Enter`\" 鍵以返回 Windows 命令提示字元。" #: ../../faq/windows.rst:90 msgid "" @@ -130,11 +130,11 @@ msgid "" "Z` character; Windows is running a single \"python\" command in the window, " "and closes it when you terminate the interpreter." msgstr "" -"你可能還會發現你有一個開始功能表項目，像是：:menuselection:`開始 --> 所有" -"程式 --> Python 3.x --> Python（命令行）`，它會讓你在一個新視窗中看到 " -"``>>>`` 提示字元。如果是這樣，該視窗將在你呼叫 :func:`exit` 函式或輸入 :kbd:" -"`Ctrl-Z` 字元後消失；Windows 正在該視窗中運行單一個「python」命令，並在你終止" -"直譯器時將其關閉。" +"你可能還會發現你有一個開始功能表項目，像是：:menuselection:`開始 --> 所有程" +"式 --> Python 3.x --> Python（命令行）`，它會讓你在一個新視窗中看到 ``>>>`` " +"提示字元。如果是這樣，該視窗將在你呼叫 :func:`exit` 函式或輸入 :kbd:`Ctrl-Z` " +"字元後消失；Windows 正在該視窗中運行單一個「python」命令，並在你終止直譯器時" +"將其關閉。" #: ../../faq/windows.rst:97 msgid "" @@ -435,8 +435,8 @@ msgid "" "radio button." msgstr "" "在任何編輯器下，將 tab 和空格混合都是一個壞主意。MSVC 在這方面也是一樣，且可" -"以輕鬆配置為使用空格：選擇\\ :menuselection:`工具 --> 選項 --> Tabs`，然後" -"對於「預設」檔案類型，將「Tab 大小」和「縮排大小」設定為 4，然後選擇「插入空" +"以輕鬆配置為使用空格：選擇\\ :menuselection:`工具 --> 選項 --> Tabs`，然後對" +"於「預設」檔案類型，將「Tab 大小」和「縮排大小」設定為 4，然後選擇「插入空" "格」單選鈕。" #: ../../faq/windows.rst:267 @@ -463,6 +463,19 @@ msgstr "" "式 ``kbhit()``，該函式會檢查是否出現鍵盤打擊 (keyboard hit)，以及函式 " "``getch()``，該函式會取得一個字元且不會將其印出。" +#: ../../faq/windows.rst:281 +msgid "How do I solve the missing api-ms-win-crt-runtime-l1-1-0.dll error?" +msgstr "" + +#: ../../faq/windows.rst:283 +msgid "" +"This can occur on Python 3.5 and later when using Windows 8.1 or earlier " +"without all updates having been installed. First ensure your operating " +"system is supported and is up to date, and if that does not resolve the " +"issue, visit the `Microsoft support page `_ for guidance on manually installing the C Runtime update." +msgstr "" + #~ msgid "or::" #~ msgstr "" #~ "或是：\n" diff --git a/library/logging.po b/library/logging.po index 87d4a5179a..f9fd26d5e0 100644 --- a/library/logging.po +++ b/library/logging.po @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Python 3.10\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2022-09-09 00:20+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2022-09-21 00:21+0000\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2018-05-23 16:05+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Adrian Liaw \n" "Language-Team: Chinese - TAIWAN (https://github.com/python/python-docs-zh-" @@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ msgid "" "information." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:189 ../../library/logging.rst:1050 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:189 ../../library/logging.rst:1066 msgid "" "The second optional keyword argument is *stack_info*, which defaults to " "``False``. If true, stack information is added to the logging message, " @@ -280,14 +280,14 @@ msgid "" "handlers." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:198 ../../library/logging.rst:1059 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:198 ../../library/logging.rst:1075 msgid "" "You can specify *stack_info* independently of *exc_info*, e.g. to just show " "how you got to a certain point in your code, even when no exceptions were " "raised. The stack frames are printed following a header line which says:" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:206 ../../library/logging.rst:1067 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:206 ../../library/logging.rst:1083 msgid "" "This mimics the ``Traceback (most recent call last):`` which is used when " "displaying exception frames." @@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ msgid "" "dictionary with these keys." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:246 ../../library/logging.rst:1098 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:246 ../../library/logging.rst:1114 msgid "" "While this might be annoying, this feature is intended for use in " "specialized circumstances, such as multi-threaded servers where the same " @@ -354,7 +354,7 @@ msgid "" "will be sent to the handler set on :attr:`lastResort`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:257 ../../library/logging.rst:1109 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:257 ../../library/logging.rst:1125 msgid "The *stack_info* parameter was added." msgstr "新增 *stack_info* 參數。" @@ -666,14 +666,39 @@ msgstr "" #: ../../library/logging.rst:525 msgid "" +"This method is called after a handler-level lock is acquired, which is " +"released after this method returns. When you override this method, note that " +"you should be careful when calling anything that invokes other parts of the " +"logging API which might do locking, because that might result in a deadlock. " +"Specifically:" +msgstr "" + +#: ../../library/logging.rst:531 +msgid "" +"Logging configuration APIs acquire the module-level lock, and then " +"individual handler-level locks as those handlers are configured." +msgstr "" + +#: ../../library/logging.rst:534 +msgid "" +"Many logging APIs lock the module-level lock. If such an API is called from " +"this method, it could cause a deadlock if a configuration call is made on " +"another thread, because that thread will try to acquire the module-level " +"lock *before* the handler-level lock, whereas this thread tries to acquire " +"the module-level lock *after* the handler-level lock (because in this " +"method, the handler-level lock has already been acquired)." +msgstr "" + +#: ../../library/logging.rst:541 +msgid "" "For a list of handlers included as standard, see :mod:`logging.handlers`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:530 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:546 msgid "Formatter Objects" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:534 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:550 msgid "" ":class:`Formatter` objects have the following attributes and methods. They " "are responsible for converting a :class:`LogRecord` to (usually) a string " @@ -684,7 +709,7 @@ msgid "" "information in the formatted output (such as a timestamp), keep reading." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:542 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:558 msgid "" "A Formatter can be initialized with a format string which makes use of " "knowledge of the :class:`LogRecord` attributes - such as the default value " @@ -694,13 +719,13 @@ msgid "" "ref:`old-string-formatting` for more information on string formatting." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:549 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:565 msgid "" "The useful mapping keys in a :class:`LogRecord` are given in the section on :" "ref:`logrecord-attributes`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:555 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:571 msgid "" "Returns a new instance of the :class:`Formatter` class. The instance is " "initialized with a format string for the message as a whole, as well as a " @@ -709,7 +734,7 @@ msgid "" "format is used which is described in the :meth:`formatTime` documentation." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:561 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:577 msgid "" "The *style* parameter can be one of '%', '{' or '$' and determines how the " "format string will be merged with its data: using one of %-formatting, :meth:" @@ -719,29 +744,29 @@ msgid "" "for more information on using {- and $-formatting for log messages." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:569 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:585 msgid "" "The *defaults* parameter can be a dictionary with default values to use in " "custom fields. For example: ``logging.Formatter('%(ip)s %(message)s', " "defaults={\"ip\": None})``" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:573 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:589 msgid "The *style* parameter was added." msgstr "新增 *style* 參數。" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:576 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:592 msgid "" "The *validate* parameter was added. Incorrect or mismatched style and fmt " "will raise a ``ValueError``. For example: ``logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s - " "%(message)s', style='{')``." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:581 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:597 msgid "The *defaults* parameter was added." msgstr "新增 *defaults* 參數。" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:586 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:602 msgid "" "The record's attribute dictionary is used as the operand to a string " "formatting operation. Returns the resulting string. Before formatting the " @@ -760,13 +785,13 @@ msgid "" "recalculates it afresh." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:602 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:618 msgid "" "If stack information is available, it's appended after the exception " "information, using :meth:`formatStack` to transform it if necessary." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:608 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:624 msgid "" "This method should be called from :meth:`format` by a formatter which wants " "to make use of a formatted time. This method can be overridden in formatters " @@ -779,7 +804,7 @@ msgid "" "resulting string is returned." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:618 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:634 msgid "" "This function uses a user-configurable function to convert the creation time " "to a tuple. By default, :func:`time.localtime` is used; to change this for a " @@ -789,7 +814,7 @@ msgid "" "be shown in GMT, set the ``converter`` attribute in the ``Formatter`` class." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:626 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:642 msgid "" "Previously, the default format was hard-coded as in this example: " "``2010-09-06 22:38:15,292`` where the part before the comma is handled by a " @@ -804,11 +829,11 @@ msgid "" "the millisecond value)." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:639 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:655 msgid "The ``default_msec_format`` can be ``None``." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:644 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:660 msgid "" "Formats the specified exception information (a standard exception tuple as " "returned by :func:`sys.exc_info`) as a string. This default implementation " @@ -816,14 +841,14 @@ msgid "" "returned." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:651 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:667 msgid "" "Formats the specified stack information (a string as returned by :func:" "`traceback.print_stack`, but with the last newline removed) as a string. " "This default implementation just returns the input value." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:657 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:673 msgid "" "A base formatter class suitable for subclassing when you want to format a " "number of records. You can pass a :class:`Formatter` instance which you want " @@ -832,7 +857,7 @@ msgid "" "used as the line formatter." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:665 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:681 msgid "" "Return a header for a list of *records*. The base implementation just " "returns the empty string. You will need to override this method if you want " @@ -840,14 +865,14 @@ msgid "" "separator line." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:672 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:688 msgid "" "Return a footer for a list of *records*. The base implementation just " "returns the empty string. You will need to override this method if you want " "specific behaviour, e.g. to show the count of records or a separator line." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:679 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:695 msgid "" "Return formatted text for a list of *records*. The base implementation just " "returns the empty string if there are no records; otherwise, it returns the " @@ -855,11 +880,11 @@ msgid "" "and the footer." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:687 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:703 msgid "Filter Objects" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:689 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:705 msgid "" "``Filters`` can be used by ``Handlers`` and ``Loggers`` for more " "sophisticated filtering than is provided by levels. The base filter class " @@ -869,7 +894,7 @@ msgid "" "If initialized with the empty string, all events are passed." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:699 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:715 msgid "" "Returns an instance of the :class:`Filter` class. If *name* is specified, it " "names a logger which, together with its children, will have its events " @@ -877,13 +902,13 @@ msgid "" "event." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:706 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:722 msgid "" "Is the specified record to be logged? Returns zero for no, nonzero for yes. " "If deemed appropriate, the record may be modified in-place by this method." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:710 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:726 msgid "" "Note that filters attached to handlers are consulted before an event is " "emitted by the handler, whereas filters attached to loggers are consulted " @@ -893,13 +918,13 @@ msgid "" "setting, unless the filter has also been applied to those descendant loggers." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:717 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:733 msgid "" "You don't actually need to subclass ``Filter``: you can pass any instance " "which has a ``filter`` method with the same semantics." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:720 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:736 msgid "" "You don't need to create specialized ``Filter`` classes, or use other " "classes with a ``filter`` method: you can use a function (or other callable) " @@ -910,7 +935,7 @@ msgid "" "value should conform to that returned by :meth:`~Filter.filter`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:730 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:746 msgid "" "Although filters are used primarily to filter records based on more " "sophisticated criteria than levels, they get to see every record which is " @@ -922,11 +947,11 @@ msgid "" "contextual information into logs (see :ref:`filters-contextual`)." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:743 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:759 msgid "LogRecord Objects" msgstr "LogRecord 物件" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:745 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:761 msgid "" ":class:`LogRecord` instances are created automatically by the :class:" "`Logger` every time something is logged, and can be created manually via :" @@ -934,11 +959,11 @@ msgid "" "wire)." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:753 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:769 msgid "Contains all the information pertinent to the event being logged." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:755 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:771 msgid "" "The primary information is passed in *msg* and *args*, which are combined " "using ``msg % args`` to create the :attr:`!message` attribute of the record." @@ -948,7 +973,7 @@ msgstr "" msgid "Parameters" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:759 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:775 msgid "" "The name of the logger used to log the event represented by this :class:`!" "LogRecord`. Note that the logger name in the :class:`!LogRecord` will always " @@ -956,7 +981,7 @@ msgid "" "different (ancestor) logger." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:767 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:783 msgid "" "The :ref:`numeric level ` of the logging event (such as ``10`` for " "``DEBUG``, ``20`` for ``INFO``, etc). Note that this is converted to *two* " @@ -964,45 +989,45 @@ msgid "" "attr:`!levelname` for the corresponding level name." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:774 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:790 msgid "" "The full string path of the source file where the logging call was made." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:778 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:794 msgid "The line number in the source file where the logging call was made." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:782 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:798 msgid "" "The event description message, which can be a %-format string with " "placeholders for variable data." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:786 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:802 msgid "" "Variable data to merge into the *msg* argument to obtain the event " "description." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:790 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:806 msgid "" "An exception tuple with the current exception information, as returned by :" "func:`sys.exc_info`, or ``None`` if no exception information is available." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:795 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:811 msgid "" "The name of the function or method from which the logging call was invoked." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:799 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:815 msgid "" "A text string representing stack information from the base of the stack in " "the current thread, up to the logging call." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:806 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:822 msgid "" "Returns the message for this :class:`LogRecord` instance after merging any " "user-supplied arguments with the message. If the user-supplied message " @@ -1011,7 +1036,7 @@ msgid "" "whose ``__str__`` method can return the actual format string to be used." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:813 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:829 msgid "" "The creation of a :class:`LogRecord` has been made more configurable by " "providing a factory which is used to create the record. The factory can be " @@ -1019,24 +1044,24 @@ msgid "" "this for the factory's signature)." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:819 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:835 msgid "" "This functionality can be used to inject your own values into a :class:" "`LogRecord` at creation time. You can use the following pattern::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:831 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:847 msgid "" "With this pattern, multiple factories could be chained, and as long as they " "don't overwrite each other's attributes or unintentionally overwrite the " "standard attributes listed above, there should be no surprises." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:840 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:856 msgid "LogRecord attributes" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:842 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:858 msgid "" "The LogRecord has a number of attributes, most of which are derived from the " "parameters to the constructor. (Note that the names do not always correspond " @@ -1047,7 +1072,7 @@ msgid "" "style format string." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:850 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:866 msgid "" "If you are using {}-formatting (:func:`str.format`), you can use ``{attrname}" "`` as the placeholder in the format string. If you are using $-formatting (:" @@ -1055,7 +1080,7 @@ msgid "" "course, replace ``attrname`` with the actual attribute name you want to use." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:856 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:872 msgid "" "In the case of {}-formatting, you can specify formatting flags by placing " "them after the attribute name, separated from it with a colon. For example: " @@ -1064,308 +1089,308 @@ msgid "" "on the options available to you." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:863 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:879 msgid "Attribute name" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:863 ../../library/logging.rst:1246 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:879 ../../library/logging.rst:1262 msgid "Format" msgstr "格式" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:863 ../../library/logging.rst:1246 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:879 ../../library/logging.rst:1262 msgid "Description" msgstr "描述" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:0 ../../library/logging.rst:865 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:0 ../../library/logging.rst:881 msgid "args" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:865 ../../library/logging.rst:879 -#: ../../library/logging.rst:907 ../../library/logging.rst:925 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:881 ../../library/logging.rst:895 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:923 ../../library/logging.rst:941 msgid "You shouldn't need to format this yourself." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:865 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:881 msgid "" "The tuple of arguments merged into ``msg`` to produce ``message``, or a dict " "whose values are used for the merge (when there is only one argument, and it " "is a dictionary)." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:870 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:886 msgid "asctime" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:870 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:886 msgid "``%(asctime)s``" msgstr "``%(asctime)s``" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:870 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:886 msgid "" "Human-readable time when the :class:`LogRecord` was created. By default " "this is of the form '2003-07-08 16:49:45,896' (the numbers after the comma " "are millisecond portion of the time)." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:876 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:892 msgid "created" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:876 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:892 msgid "``%(created)f``" msgstr "``%(created)f``" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:876 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:892 msgid "" "Time when the :class:`LogRecord` was created (as returned by :func:`time." "time`)." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:0 ../../library/logging.rst:879 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:0 ../../library/logging.rst:895 msgid "exc_info" msgstr "exc_info" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:879 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:895 msgid "" "Exception tuple (à la ``sys.exc_info``) or, if no exception has occurred, " "``None``." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:882 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:898 msgid "filename" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:882 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:898 msgid "``%(filename)s``" msgstr "``%(filename)s``" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:882 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:898 msgid "Filename portion of ``pathname``." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:884 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:900 msgid "funcName" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:884 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:900 msgid "``%(funcName)s``" msgstr "``%(funcName)s``" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:884 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:900 msgid "Name of function containing the logging call." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:886 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:902 msgid "levelname" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:886 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:902 msgid "``%(levelname)s``" msgstr "``%(levelname)s``" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:886 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:902 msgid "" "Text logging level for the message (``'DEBUG'``, ``'INFO'``, ``'WARNING'``, " "``'ERROR'``, ``'CRITICAL'``)." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:890 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:906 msgid "levelno" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:890 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:906 msgid "``%(levelno)s``" msgstr "``%(levelno)s``" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:890 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:906 msgid "" "Numeric logging level for the message (:const:`DEBUG`, :const:`INFO`, :const:" "`WARNING`, :const:`ERROR`, :const:`CRITICAL`)." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:895 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:911 msgid "lineno" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:895 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:911 msgid "``%(lineno)d``" msgstr "``%(lineno)d``" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:895 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:911 msgid "Source line number where the logging call was issued (if available)." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:898 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:914 msgid "message" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:898 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:914 msgid "``%(message)s``" msgstr "``%(message)s``" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:898 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:914 msgid "" "The logged message, computed as ``msg % args``. This is set when :meth:" "`Formatter.format` is invoked." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:902 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:918 msgid "module" msgstr "模組" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:902 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:918 msgid "``%(module)s``" msgstr "``%(module)s``" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:902 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:918 msgid "Module (name portion of ``filename``)." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:904 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:920 msgid "msecs" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:904 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:920 msgid "``%(msecs)d``" msgstr "``%(msecs)d``" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:904 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:920 msgid "" "Millisecond portion of the time when the :class:`LogRecord` was created." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:0 ../../library/logging.rst:907 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:0 ../../library/logging.rst:923 msgid "msg" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:907 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:923 msgid "" "The format string passed in the original logging call. Merged with ``args`` " "to produce ``message``, or an arbitrary object (see :ref:`arbitrary-object-" "messages`)." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:0 ../../library/logging.rst:912 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:0 ../../library/logging.rst:928 msgid "name" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:912 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:928 msgid "``%(name)s``" msgstr "``%(name)s``" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:912 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:928 msgid "Name of the logger used to log the call." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:914 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:930 msgid "pathname" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:914 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:930 msgid "``%(pathname)s``" msgstr "``%(pathname)s``" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:914 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:930 msgid "" "Full pathname of the source file where the logging call was issued (if " "available)." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:917 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:933 msgid "process" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:917 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:933 msgid "``%(process)d``" msgstr "``%(process)d``" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:917 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:933 msgid "Process ID (if available)." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:919 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:935 msgid "processName" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:919 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:935 msgid "``%(processName)s``" msgstr "``%(processName)s``" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:919 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:935 msgid "Process name (if available)." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:921 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:937 msgid "relativeCreated" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:921 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:937 msgid "``%(relativeCreated)d``" msgstr "``%(relativeCreated)d``" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:921 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:937 msgid "" "Time in milliseconds when the LogRecord was created, relative to the time " "the logging module was loaded." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:925 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:941 msgid "stack_info" msgstr "stack_info" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:925 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:941 msgid "" "Stack frame information (where available) from the bottom of the stack in " "the current thread, up to and including the stack frame of the logging call " "which resulted in the creation of this record." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:931 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:947 msgid "thread" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:931 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:947 msgid "``%(thread)d``" msgstr "``%(thread)d``" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:931 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:947 msgid "Thread ID (if available)." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:933 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:949 msgid "threadName" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:933 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:949 msgid "``%(threadName)s``" msgstr "``%(threadName)s``" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:933 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:949 msgid "Thread name (if available)." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:936 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:952 msgid "*processName* was added." msgstr "新增 *processName*\\ 。" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:943 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:959 msgid "LoggerAdapter Objects" msgstr "LoggerAdapter 物件" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:945 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:961 msgid "" ":class:`LoggerAdapter` instances are used to conveniently pass contextual " "information into logging calls. For a usage example, see the section on :ref:" "`adding contextual information to your logging output `." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:951 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:967 msgid "" "Returns an instance of :class:`LoggerAdapter` initialized with an " "underlying :class:`Logger` instance and a dict-like object." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:956 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:972 msgid "" "Modifies the message and/or keyword arguments passed to a logging call in " "order to insert contextual information. This implementation takes the object " @@ -1374,7 +1399,7 @@ msgid "" "(possibly modified) versions of the arguments passed in." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:962 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:978 msgid "" "In addition to the above, :class:`LoggerAdapter` supports the following " "methods of :class:`Logger`: :meth:`~Logger.debug`, :meth:`~Logger.info`, :" @@ -1386,24 +1411,24 @@ msgid "" "interchangeably." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:971 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:987 msgid "" "The :meth:`~Logger.isEnabledFor`, :meth:`~Logger.getEffectiveLevel`, :meth:" "`~Logger.setLevel` and :meth:`~Logger.hasHandlers` methods were added to :" "class:`LoggerAdapter`. These methods delegate to the underlying logger." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:976 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:992 msgid "" "Attribute :attr:`manager` and method :meth:`_log` were added, which delegate " "to the underlying logger and allow adapters to be nested." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:982 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:998 msgid "Thread Safety" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:984 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1000 msgid "" "The logging module is intended to be thread-safe without any special work " "needing to be done by its clients. It achieves this though using threading " @@ -1412,7 +1437,7 @@ msgid "" "O." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:989 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1005 msgid "" "If you are implementing asynchronous signal handlers using the :mod:`signal` " "module, you may not be able to use logging from within such handlers. This " @@ -1420,17 +1445,17 @@ msgid "" "always re-entrant, and so cannot be invoked from such signal handlers." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:996 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1012 msgid "Module-Level Functions" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:998 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1014 msgid "" "In addition to the classes described above, there are a number of module-" "level functions." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1004 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1020 msgid "" "Return a logger with the specified name or, if name is ``None``, return a " "logger which is the root logger of the hierarchy. If specified, the name is " @@ -1439,14 +1464,14 @@ msgid "" "logging." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1009 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1025 msgid "" "All calls to this function with a given name return the same logger " "instance. This means that logger instances never need to be passed between " "different parts of an application." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1016 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1032 msgid "" "Return either the standard :class:`Logger` class, or the last class passed " "to :func:`setLoggerClass`. This function may be called from within a new " @@ -1455,24 +1480,24 @@ msgid "" "example::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1027 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1043 msgid "Return a callable which is used to create a :class:`LogRecord`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1029 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1045 msgid "" "This function has been provided, along with :func:`setLogRecordFactory`, to " "allow developers more control over how the :class:`LogRecord` representing a " "logging event is constructed." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1034 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1050 msgid "" "See :func:`setLogRecordFactory` for more information about the how the " "factory is called." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1039 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1055 msgid "" "Logs a message with level :const:`DEBUG` on the root logger. The *msg* is " "the message format string, and the *args* are the arguments which are merged " @@ -1481,7 +1506,7 @@ msgid "" "argument.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1044 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1060 msgid "" "There are three keyword arguments in *kwargs* which are inspected: " "*exc_info* which, if it does not evaluate as false, causes exception " @@ -1491,7 +1516,7 @@ msgid "" "exception information." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1070 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1086 msgid "" "The third optional keyword argument is *extra* which can be used to pass a " "dictionary which is used to populate the __dict__ of the LogRecord created " @@ -1500,18 +1525,18 @@ msgid "" "logged messages. For example::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1081 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1097 msgid "would print something like:" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1087 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1103 msgid "" "The keys in the dictionary passed in *extra* should not clash with the keys " "used by the logging system. (See the :class:`Formatter` documentation for " "more information on which keys are used by the logging system.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1091 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1107 msgid "" "If you choose to use these attributes in logged messages, you need to " "exercise some care. In the above example, for instance, the :class:" @@ -1522,58 +1547,58 @@ msgid "" "dictionary with these keys." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1105 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1121 msgid "" "This function (as well as :func:`info`, :func:`warning`, :func:`error` and :" "func:`critical`) will call :func:`basicConfig` if the root logger doesn't " "have any handler attached." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1114 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1130 msgid "" "Logs a message with level :const:`INFO` on the root logger. The arguments " "are interpreted as for :func:`debug`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1120 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1136 msgid "" "Logs a message with level :const:`WARNING` on the root logger. The arguments " "are interpreted as for :func:`debug`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1123 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1139 msgid "" "There is an obsolete function ``warn`` which is functionally identical to " "``warning``. As ``warn`` is deprecated, please do not use it - use " "``warning`` instead." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1130 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1146 msgid "" "Logs a message with level :const:`ERROR` on the root logger. The arguments " "are interpreted as for :func:`debug`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1136 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1152 msgid "" "Logs a message with level :const:`CRITICAL` on the root logger. The " "arguments are interpreted as for :func:`debug`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1142 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1158 msgid "" "Logs a message with level :const:`ERROR` on the root logger. The arguments " "are interpreted as for :func:`debug`. Exception info is added to the logging " "message. This function should only be called from an exception handler." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1148 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1164 msgid "" "Logs a message with level *level* on the root logger. The other arguments " "are interpreted as for :func:`debug`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1153 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1169 msgid "" "Provides an overriding level *level* for all loggers which takes precedence " "over the logger's own level. When the need arises to temporarily throttle " @@ -1587,7 +1612,7 @@ msgid "" "individual loggers." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1164 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1180 msgid "" "Note that if you have defined any custom logging level higher than " "``CRITICAL`` (this is not recommended), you won't be able to rely on the " @@ -1595,13 +1620,13 @@ msgid "" "a suitable value." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1169 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1185 msgid "" "The *level* parameter was defaulted to level ``CRITICAL``. See :issue:" "`28524` for more information about this change." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1175 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1191 msgid "" "Associates level *level* with text *levelName* in an internal dictionary, " "which is used to map numeric levels to a textual representation, for example " @@ -1611,17 +1636,17 @@ msgid "" "and they should increase in increasing order of severity." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1182 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1198 msgid "" "If you are thinking of defining your own levels, please see the section on :" "ref:`custom-levels`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1187 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1203 msgid "Returns the textual or numeric representation of logging level *level*." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1189 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1205 msgid "" "If *level* is one of the predefined levels :const:`CRITICAL`, :const:" "`ERROR`, :const:`WARNING`, :const:`INFO` or :const:`DEBUG` then you get the " @@ -1631,20 +1656,20 @@ msgid "" "the corresponding string representation is returned." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1196 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1212 msgid "" "The *level* parameter also accepts a string representation of the level such " "as 'INFO'. In such cases, this functions returns the corresponding numeric " "value of the level." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1200 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1216 msgid "" "If no matching numeric or string value is passed in, the string 'Level %s' % " "level is returned." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1203 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1219 msgid "" "Levels are internally integers (as they need to be compared in the logging " "logic). This function is used to convert between an integer level and the " @@ -1653,7 +1678,7 @@ msgid "" "versa." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1209 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1225 msgid "" "In Python versions earlier than 3.4, this function could also be passed a " "text level, and would return the corresponding numeric value of the level. " @@ -1661,7 +1686,7 @@ msgid "" "Python 3.4, but reinstated in 3.4.2 due to retain backward compatibility." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1217 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1233 msgid "" "Creates and returns a new :class:`LogRecord` instance whose attributes are " "defined by *attrdict*. This function is useful for taking a pickled :class:" @@ -1669,7 +1694,7 @@ msgid "" "as a :class:`LogRecord` instance at the receiving end." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1225 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1241 msgid "" "Does basic configuration for the logging system by creating a :class:" "`StreamHandler` with a default :class:`Formatter` and adding it to the root " @@ -1678,13 +1703,13 @@ msgid "" "no handlers are defined for the root logger." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1231 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1247 msgid "" "This function does nothing if the root logger already has handlers " "configured, unless the keyword argument *force* is set to ``True``." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1234 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1250 msgid "" "This function should be called from the main thread before other threads are " "started. In versions of Python prior to 2.7.1 and 3.2, if this function is " @@ -1693,54 +1718,54 @@ msgid "" "unexpected results such as messages being duplicated in the log." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1241 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1257 msgid "The following keyword arguments are supported." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1248 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1264 msgid "*filename*" msgstr "*filename*" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1248 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1264 msgid "" "Specifies that a :class:`FileHandler` be created, using the specified " "filename, rather than a :class:`StreamHandler`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1252 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1268 msgid "*filemode*" msgstr "*filemode*" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1252 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1268 msgid "" "If *filename* is specified, open the file in this :ref:`mode `. " "Defaults to ``'a'``." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1256 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1272 msgid "*format*" msgstr "*format*" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1256 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1272 msgid "" "Use the specified format string for the handler. Defaults to attributes " "``levelname``, ``name`` and ``message`` separated by colons." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1261 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1277 msgid "*datefmt*" msgstr "*datefmt*" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1261 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1277 msgid "" "Use the specified date/time format, as accepted by :func:`time.strftime`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1264 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1280 msgid "*style*" msgstr "*style*" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1264 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1280 msgid "" "If *format* is specified, use this style for the format string. One of " "``'%'``, ``'{'`` or ``'$'`` for :ref:`printf-style `." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1275 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1291 msgid "*stream*" msgstr "*stream*" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1275 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1291 msgid "" "Use the specified stream to initialize the :class:`StreamHandler`. Note that " "this argument is incompatible with *filename* - if both are present, a " "``ValueError`` is raised." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1281 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1297 msgid "*handlers*" msgstr "*handlers*" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1281 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1297 msgid "" "If specified, this should be an iterable of already created handlers to add " "to the root logger. Any handlers which don't already have a formatter set " @@ -1780,33 +1805,33 @@ msgid "" "present, a ``ValueError`` is raised." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1290 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1306 msgid "*force*" msgstr "*force*" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1290 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1306 msgid "" "If this keyword argument is specified as true, any existing handlers " "attached to the root logger are removed and closed, before carrying out the " "configuration as specified by the other arguments." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1296 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1312 msgid "*encoding*" msgstr "*encoding*" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1296 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1312 msgid "" "If this keyword argument is specified along with *filename*, its value is " "used when the :class:`FileHandler` is created, and thus used when opening " "the output file." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1301 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1317 msgid "*errors*" msgstr "*errors*" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1301 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1317 msgid "" "If this keyword argument is specified along with *filename*, its value is " "used when the :class:`FileHandler` is created, and thus used when opening " @@ -1815,39 +1840,39 @@ msgid "" "`open`, which means that it will be treated the same as passing 'errors'." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1312 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1328 msgid "The *style* argument was added." msgstr "新增 *style* 引數。" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1315 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1331 msgid "" "The *handlers* argument was added. Additional checks were added to catch " "situations where incompatible arguments are specified (e.g. *handlers* " "together with *stream* or *filename*, or *stream* together with *filename*)." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1321 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1337 msgid "The *force* argument was added." msgstr "新增 *force* 引數。" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1324 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1340 msgid "The *encoding* and *errors* arguments were added." msgstr "新增 *encoding* 與 *errors* 引數。" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1329 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1345 msgid "" "Informs the logging system to perform an orderly shutdown by flushing and " "closing all handlers. This should be called at application exit and no " "further use of the logging system should be made after this call." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1333 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1349 msgid "" "When the logging module is imported, it registers this function as an exit " "handler (see :mod:`atexit`), so normally there's no need to do that manually." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1340 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1356 msgid "" "Tells the logging system to use the class *klass* when instantiating a " "logger. The class should define :meth:`__init__` such that only a name " @@ -1859,32 +1884,32 @@ msgid "" "loggers." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1351 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1367 msgid "Set a callable which is used to create a :class:`LogRecord`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1353 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1369 msgid "The factory callable to be used to instantiate a log record." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1355 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1371 msgid "" "This function has been provided, along with :func:`getLogRecordFactory`, to " "allow developers more control over how the :class:`LogRecord` representing a " "logging event is constructed." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1360 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1376 msgid "The factory has the following signature:" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1362 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1378 msgid "" "``factory(name, level, fn, lno, msg, args, exc_info, func=None, sinfo=None, " "**kwargs)``" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1364 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1380 msgid "The logger name." msgstr "" @@ -1892,7 +1917,7 @@ msgstr "" msgid "level" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1365 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1381 msgid "The logging level (numeric)." msgstr "" @@ -1900,7 +1925,7 @@ msgstr "" msgid "fn" msgstr "fn" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1366 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1382 msgid "The full pathname of the file where the logging call was made." msgstr "" @@ -1908,19 +1933,19 @@ msgstr "" msgid "lno" msgstr "lno" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1367 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1383 msgid "The line number in the file where the logging call was made." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1368 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1384 msgid "The logging message." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1369 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1385 msgid "The arguments for the logging message." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1370 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1386 msgid "An exception tuple, or ``None``." msgstr "" @@ -1928,7 +1953,7 @@ msgstr "" msgid "func" msgstr "func" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1371 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1387 msgid "The name of the function or method which invoked the logging call." msgstr "" @@ -1936,7 +1961,7 @@ msgstr "" msgid "sinfo" msgstr "sinfo" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1373 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1389 msgid "" "A stack traceback such as is provided by :func:`traceback.print_stack`, " "showing the call hierarchy." @@ -1946,15 +1971,15 @@ msgstr "" msgid "kwargs" msgstr "kwargs" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1375 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1391 msgid "Additional keyword arguments." msgstr "額外的關鍵字引數。" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1379 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1395 msgid "Module-Level Attributes" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1383 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1399 msgid "" "A \"handler of last resort\" is available through this attribute. This is a :" "class:`StreamHandler` writing to ``sys.stderr`` with a level of ``WARNING``, " @@ -1965,22 +1990,22 @@ msgid "" "reason, ``lastResort`` can be set to ``None``." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1394 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1410 msgid "Integration with the warnings module" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1396 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1412 msgid "" "The :func:`captureWarnings` function can be used to integrate :mod:`logging` " "with the :mod:`warnings` module." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1401 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1417 msgid "" "This function is used to turn the capture of warnings by logging on and off." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1404 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1420 msgid "" "If *capture* is ``True``, warnings issued by the :mod:`warnings` module will " "be redirected to the logging system. Specifically, a warning will be " @@ -1989,46 +2014,46 @@ msgid "" "`WARNING`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1409 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1425 msgid "" "If *capture* is ``False``, the redirection of warnings to the logging system " "will stop, and warnings will be redirected to their original destinations (i." "e. those in effect before ``captureWarnings(True)`` was called)." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1417 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1433 msgid "Module :mod:`logging.config`" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1417 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1433 msgid "Configuration API for the logging module." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1420 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1436 msgid "Module :mod:`logging.handlers`" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1420 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1436 msgid "Useful handlers included with the logging module." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1424 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1440 msgid ":pep:`282` - A Logging System" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1423 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1439 msgid "" "The proposal which described this feature for inclusion in the Python " "standard library." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1429 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1445 msgid "" "`Original Python logging package `_" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/logging.rst:1427 +#: ../../library/logging.rst:1443 msgid "" "This is the original source for the :mod:`logging` package. The version of " "the package available from this site is suitable for use with Python 1.5.2, " diff --git a/library/mailcap.po b/library/mailcap.po index bf56a2733a..dfb35a6551 100644 --- a/library/mailcap.po +++ b/library/mailcap.po @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Python 3.10\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2022-05-21 17:35+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2022-09-21 00:21+0000\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2015-12-09 17:51+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Liang-Bo Wang \n" "Language-Team: Chinese - TAIWAN (https://github.com/python/python-docs-zh-" @@ -98,7 +98,24 @@ msgid "" "the check fails." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/mailcap.rst:66 +#: ../../library/mailcap.rst:65 +msgid "" +"To prevent security issues with shell metacharacters (symbols that have " +"special effects in a shell command line), ``findmatch`` will refuse to " +"inject ASCII characters other than alphanumerics and ``@+=:,./-_`` into the " +"returned command line." +msgstr "" + +#: ../../library/mailcap.rst:70 +msgid "" +"If a disallowed character appears in *filename*, ``findmatch`` will always " +"return ``(None, None)`` as if no entry was found. If such a character " +"appears elsewhere (a value in *plist* or in *MIMEtype*), ``findmatch`` will " +"ignore all mailcap entries which use that value. A :mod:`warning ` " +"will be raised in either case." +msgstr "" + +#: ../../library/mailcap.rst:78 msgid "" "Returns a dictionary mapping MIME types to a list of mailcap file entries. " "This dictionary must be passed to the :func:`findmatch` function. An entry " @@ -106,7 +123,7 @@ msgid "" "the details of this representation." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/mailcap.rst:71 +#: ../../library/mailcap.rst:83 msgid "" "The information is derived from all of the mailcap files found on the " "system. Settings in the user's mailcap file :file:`$HOME/.mailcap` will " @@ -114,6 +131,6 @@ msgid "" "usr/etc/mailcap`, and :file:`/usr/local/etc/mailcap`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/mailcap.rst:76 +#: ../../library/mailcap.rst:88 msgid "An example usage::" msgstr "" diff --git a/library/sqlite3.po b/library/sqlite3.po index 2e3fc72503..0cb830b77c 100644 --- a/library/sqlite3.po +++ b/library/sqlite3.po @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Python 3.10\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2022-09-14 00:20+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2022-09-16 10:07+0000\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2018-05-23 16:10+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Adrian Liaw \n" "Language-Team: Chinese - TAIWAN (https://github.com/python/python-docs-zh-" @@ -1586,15 +1586,16 @@ msgid "" "If the connection attribute :attr:`~Connection.isolation_level` is not " "``None``, new transactions are implicitly opened before :meth:`~Cursor." "execute` and :meth:`~Cursor.executemany` executes ``INSERT``, ``UPDATE``, " -"``DELETE``, or ``REPLACE`` statements. Use the :meth:`~Connection.commit` " -"and :meth:`~Connection.rollback` methods to respectively commit and roll " -"back pending transactions. You can choose the underlying `SQLite transaction " +"``DELETE``, or ``REPLACE`` statements; for other statements, no implicit " +"transaction handling is performed. Use the :meth:`~Connection.commit` and :" +"meth:`~Connection.rollback` methods to respectively commit and roll back " +"pending transactions. You can choose the underlying `SQLite transaction " "behaviour`_ — that is, whether and what type of ``BEGIN`` statements :mod:`!" "sqlite3` implicitly executes – via the :attr:`~Connection.isolation_level` " "attribute." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/sqlite3.rst:1861 +#: ../../library/sqlite3.rst:1862 msgid "" "If :attr:`~Connection.isolation_level` is set to ``None``, no transactions " "are implicitly opened at all. This leaves the underlying SQLite library in " @@ -1604,14 +1605,14 @@ msgid "" "in_transaction` attribute." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/sqlite3.rst:1869 +#: ../../library/sqlite3.rst:1870 msgid "" "The :meth:`~Cursor.executescript` method implicitly commits any pending " "transaction before execution of the given SQL script, regardless of the " "value of :attr:`~Connection.isolation_level`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/sqlite3.rst:1873 +#: ../../library/sqlite3.rst:1874 msgid "" ":mod:`!sqlite3` used to implicitly commit an open transaction before DDL " "statements. This is no longer the case." diff --git a/library/typing.po b/library/typing.po index d138b4a16b..b63c3a2337 100644 --- a/library/typing.po +++ b/library/typing.po @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Python 3.10\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2022-08-14 00:16+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2022-09-21 00:21+0000\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2018-05-23 16:14+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Adrian Liaw \n" "Language-Team: Chinese - TAIWAN (https://github.com/python/python-docs-zh-" @@ -60,151 +60,158 @@ msgid "" "provides backports of these new features to older versions of Python." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:42 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:41 +msgid "" +"The documentation at https://typing.readthedocs.io/ serves as useful " +"reference for type system features, useful typing related tools and typing " +"best practices." +msgstr "" + +#: ../../library/typing.rst:47 msgid "Relevant PEPs" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:44 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:49 msgid "" "Since the initial introduction of type hints in :pep:`484` and :pep:`483`, a " "number of PEPs have modified and enhanced Python's framework for type " "annotations. These include:" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:49 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:54 msgid ":pep:`526`: Syntax for Variable Annotations" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:49 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:54 msgid "" "*Introducing* syntax for annotating variables outside of function " "definitions, and :data:`ClassVar`" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:52 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:57 msgid ":pep:`544`: Protocols: Structural subtyping (static duck typing)" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:52 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:57 msgid "" "*Introducing* :class:`Protocol` and the :func:" "`@runtime_checkable` decorator" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:55 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:60 msgid ":pep:`585`: Type Hinting Generics In Standard Collections" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:55 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:60 msgid "" "*Introducing* :class:`types.GenericAlias` and the ability to use standard " "library classes as :ref:`generic types`" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:57 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:62 msgid ":pep:`586`: Literal Types" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:58 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:63 msgid "*Introducing* :data:`Literal`" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:59 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:64 msgid "" ":pep:`589`: TypedDict: Type Hints for Dictionaries with a Fixed Set of Keys" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:60 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:65 msgid "*Introducing* :class:`TypedDict`" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:61 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:66 msgid ":pep:`591`: Adding a final qualifier to typing" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:62 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:67 msgid "*Introducing* :data:`Final` and the :func:`@final` decorator" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:63 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:68 msgid ":pep:`593`: Flexible function and variable annotations" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:64 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:69 msgid "*Introducing* :data:`Annotated`" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:67 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:72 msgid ":pep:`604`: Allow writing union types as ``X | Y``" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:66 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:71 msgid "" "*Introducing* :data:`types.UnionType` and the ability to use the binary-or " "operator ``|`` to signify a :ref:`union of types`" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:69 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:74 msgid ":pep:`612`: Parameter Specification Variables" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:70 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:75 msgid "*Introducing* :class:`ParamSpec` and :data:`Concatenate`" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:71 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:76 msgid ":pep:`613`: Explicit Type Aliases" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:72 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:77 msgid "*Introducing* :data:`TypeAlias`" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:74 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:79 msgid ":pep:`647`: User-Defined Type Guards" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:74 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:79 msgid "*Introducing* :data:`TypeGuard`" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:79 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:84 msgid "Type aliases" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:81 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:86 msgid "" "A type alias is defined by assigning the type to the alias. In this example, " "``Vector`` and ``list[float]`` will be treated as interchangeable synonyms::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:92 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:97 msgid "" "Type aliases are useful for simplifying complex type signatures. For " "example::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:110 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:115 msgid "" "Note that ``None`` as a type hint is a special case and is replaced by " "``type(None)``." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:116 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:121 msgid "NewType" msgstr "NewType" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:118 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:123 msgid "Use the :class:`NewType` helper to create distinct types::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:125 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:130 msgid "" "The static type checker will treat the new type as if it were a subclass of " "the original type. This is useful in helping catch logical errors::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:137 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:142 msgid "" "You may still perform all ``int`` operations on a variable of type " "``UserId``, but the result will always be of type ``int``. This lets you " @@ -212,7 +219,7 @@ msgid "" "you from accidentally creating a ``UserId`` in an invalid way::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:145 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:150 msgid "" "Note that these checks are enforced only by the static type checker. At " "runtime, the statement ``Derived = NewType('Derived', Base)`` will make " @@ -221,31 +228,31 @@ msgid "" "class or introduce much overhead beyond that of a regular function call." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:151 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:156 msgid "" "More precisely, the expression ``some_value is Derived(some_value)`` is " "always true at runtime." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:154 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:159 msgid "It is invalid to create a subtype of ``Derived``::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:163 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:168 msgid "" "However, it is possible to create a :class:`NewType` based on a 'derived' " "``NewType``::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:171 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:176 msgid "and typechecking for ``ProUserId`` will work as expected." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:173 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:178 msgid "See :pep:`484` for more details." msgstr "更多細節請見 :pep:`484`\\ 。" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:177 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:182 msgid "" "Recall that the use of a type alias declares two types to be *equivalent* to " "one another. Doing ``Alias = Original`` will make the static type checker " @@ -253,7 +260,7 @@ msgid "" "This is useful when you want to simplify complex type signatures." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:182 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:187 msgid "" "In contrast, ``NewType`` declares one type to be a *subtype* of another. " "Doing ``Derived = NewType('Derived', Original)`` will make the static type " @@ -263,39 +270,39 @@ msgid "" "errors with minimal runtime cost." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:191 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:196 msgid "" "``NewType`` is now a class rather than a function. There is some additional " "runtime cost when calling ``NewType`` over a regular function. However, " "this cost will be reduced in 3.11.0." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:198 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:203 msgid "Callable" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:200 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:205 msgid "" "Frameworks expecting callback functions of specific signatures might be type " "hinted using ``Callable[[Arg1Type, Arg2Type], ReturnType]``." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:203 ../../library/typing.rst:1018 -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2252 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:208 ../../library/typing.rst:1023 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2257 msgid "For example::" msgstr "" "舉例來說：\n" "\n" "::" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:218 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:223 msgid "" "It is possible to declare the return type of a callable without specifying " "the call signature by substituting a literal ellipsis for the list of " "arguments in the type hint: ``Callable[..., ReturnType]``." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:222 ../../library/typing.rst:709 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:227 ../../library/typing.rst:714 msgid "" "Callables which take other callables as arguments may indicate that their " "parameter types are dependent on each other using :class:`ParamSpec`. " @@ -306,97 +313,97 @@ msgid "" "ReturnType]`` respectively." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:230 ../../library/typing.rst:721 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:235 ../../library/typing.rst:726 msgid "" "``Callable`` now supports :class:`ParamSpec` and :data:`Concatenate`. See :" "pep:`612` for more information." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:235 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:240 msgid "" "The documentation for :class:`ParamSpec` and :class:`Concatenate` provides " "examples of usage in ``Callable``." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:241 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:246 msgid "Generics" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:243 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:248 msgid "" "Since type information about objects kept in containers cannot be statically " "inferred in a generic way, abstract base classes have been extended to " "support subscription to denote expected types for container elements." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:254 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:259 msgid "" "Generics can be parameterized by using a factory available in typing called :" "class:`TypeVar`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:270 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:275 msgid "User-defined generic types" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:272 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:277 msgid "A user-defined class can be defined as a generic class." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:298 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:303 msgid "" "``Generic[T]`` as a base class defines that the class ``LoggedVar`` takes a " "single type parameter ``T`` . This also makes ``T`` valid as a type within " "the class body." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:302 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:307 msgid "" "The :class:`Generic` base class defines :meth:`~object.__class_getitem__` so " "that ``LoggedVar[t]`` is valid as a type::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:311 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:316 msgid "" "A generic type can have any number of type variables. All varieties of :" "class:`TypeVar` are permissible as parameters for a generic type::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:323 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:328 msgid "" "Each type variable argument to :class:`Generic` must be distinct. This is " "thus invalid::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:334 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:339 msgid "You can use multiple inheritance with :class:`Generic`::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:344 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:349 msgid "" "When inheriting from generic classes, some type variables could be fixed::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:354 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:359 msgid "In this case ``MyDict`` has a single parameter, ``T``." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:356 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:361 msgid "" "Using a generic class without specifying type parameters assumes :data:`Any` " "for each position. In the following example, ``MyIterable`` is not generic " "but implicitly inherits from ``Iterable[Any]``::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:364 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:369 msgid "User defined generic type aliases are also supported. Examples::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:381 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:386 msgid ":class:`Generic` no longer has a custom metaclass." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:384 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:389 msgid "" "User-defined generics for parameter expressions are also supported via " "parameter specification variables in the form ``Generic[P]``. The behavior " @@ -406,7 +413,7 @@ msgid "" "used to substitute a :class:`ParamSpec`::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:401 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:406 msgid "" "Furthermore, a generic with only one parameter specification variable will " "accept parameter lists in the forms ``X[[Type1, Type2, ...]]`` and also " @@ -414,20 +421,20 @@ msgid "" "converted to the former, so the following are equivalent::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:413 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:418 msgid "" "Do note that generics with :class:`ParamSpec` may not have correct " "``__parameters__`` after substitution in some cases because they are " "intended primarily for static type checking." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:417 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:422 msgid "" ":class:`Generic` can now be parameterized over parameter expressions. See :" "class:`ParamSpec` and :pep:`612` for more details." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:421 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:426 msgid "" "A user-defined generic class can have ABCs as base classes without a " "metaclass conflict. Generic metaclasses are not supported. The outcome of " @@ -435,24 +442,24 @@ msgid "" "hashable and comparable for equality." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:428 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:433 msgid "The :data:`Any` type" msgstr ":data:`Any` 型別" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:430 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:435 msgid "" "A special kind of type is :data:`Any`. A static type checker will treat " "every type as being compatible with :data:`Any` and :data:`Any` as being " "compatible with every type." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:434 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:439 msgid "" "This means that it is possible to perform any operation or method call on a " "value of type :data:`Any` and assign it to any variable::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:452 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:457 msgid "" "Notice that no typechecking is performed when assigning a value of type :" "data:`Any` to a more precise type. For example, the static type checker did " @@ -461,19 +468,19 @@ msgid "" "runtime!" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:458 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:463 msgid "" "Furthermore, all functions without a return type or parameter types will " "implicitly default to using :data:`Any`::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:471 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:476 msgid "" "This behavior allows :data:`Any` to be used as an *escape hatch* when you " "need to mix dynamically and statically typed code." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:474 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:479 msgid "" "Contrast the behavior of :data:`Any` with the behavior of :class:`object`. " "Similar to :data:`Any`, every type is a subtype of :class:`object`. However, " @@ -481,7 +488,7 @@ msgid "" "subtype of every other type." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:479 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:484 msgid "" "That means when the type of a value is :class:`object`, a type checker will " "reject almost all operations on it, and assigning it to a variable (or using " @@ -489,24 +496,24 @@ msgid "" "example::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:501 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:506 msgid "" "Use :class:`object` to indicate that a value could be any type in a typesafe " "manner. Use :data:`Any` to indicate that a value is dynamically typed." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:506 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:511 msgid "Nominal vs structural subtyping" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:508 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:513 msgid "" "Initially :pep:`484` defined the Python static type system as using *nominal " "subtyping*. This means that a class ``A`` is allowed where a class ``B`` is " "expected if and only if ``A`` is a subclass of ``B``." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:512 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:517 msgid "" "This requirement previously also applied to abstract base classes, such as :" "class:`~collections.abc.Iterable`. The problem with this approach is that a " @@ -515,7 +522,7 @@ msgid "" "code. For example, this conforms to :pep:`484`::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:525 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:530 msgid "" ":pep:`544` allows to solve this problem by allowing users to write the above " "code without explicit base classes in the class definition, allowing " @@ -524,22 +531,22 @@ msgid "" "subtyping* (or static duck-typing)::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:541 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:546 msgid "" "Moreover, by subclassing a special class :class:`Protocol`, a user can " "define new custom protocols to fully enjoy structural subtyping (see " "examples below)." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:546 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:551 msgid "Module contents" msgstr "模組內容" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:548 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:553 msgid "The module defines the following classes, functions and decorators." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:552 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:557 msgid "" "This module defines several types that are subclasses of pre-existing " "standard library classes which also extend :class:`Generic` to support type " @@ -547,7 +554,7 @@ msgid "" "corresponding pre-existing classes were enhanced to support ``[]``." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:558 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:563 msgid "" "The redundant types are deprecated as of Python 3.9 but no deprecation " "warnings will be issued by the interpreter. It is expected that type " @@ -555,147 +562,147 @@ msgid "" "Python 3.9 or newer." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:563 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:568 msgid "" "The deprecated types will be removed from the :mod:`typing` module in the " "first Python version released 5 years after the release of Python 3.9.0. See " "details in :pep:`585`—*Type Hinting Generics In Standard Collections*." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:569 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:574 msgid "Special typing primitives" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:572 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:577 msgid "Special types" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:574 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:579 msgid "These can be used as types in annotations and do not support ``[]``." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:578 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:583 msgid "Special type indicating an unconstrained type." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:580 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:585 msgid "Every type is compatible with :data:`Any`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:581 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:586 msgid ":data:`Any` is compatible with every type." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:585 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:590 msgid "Special type indicating that a function never returns. For example::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:598 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:603 msgid "" "Special annotation for explicitly declaring a :ref:`type alias `. For example::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:605 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:610 msgid "See :pep:`613` for more details about explicit type aliases." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:610 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:615 msgid "Special forms" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:612 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:617 msgid "" "These can be used as types in annotations using ``[]``, each having a unique " "syntax." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:616 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:621 msgid "" "Tuple type; ``Tuple[X, Y]`` is the type of a tuple of two items with the " "first item of type X and the second of type Y. The type of the empty tuple " "can be written as ``Tuple[()]``." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:620 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:625 msgid "" "Example: ``Tuple[T1, T2]`` is a tuple of two elements corresponding to type " "variables T1 and T2. ``Tuple[int, float, str]`` is a tuple of an int, a " "float and a string." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:624 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:629 msgid "" "To specify a variable-length tuple of homogeneous type, use literal " "ellipsis, e.g. ``Tuple[int, ...]``. A plain :data:`Tuple` is equivalent to " "``Tuple[Any, ...]``, and in turn to :class:`tuple`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:628 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:633 msgid "" ":class:`builtins.tuple ` now supports ``[]``. See :pep:`585` and :ref:" "`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:634 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:639 msgid "" "Union type; ``Union[X, Y]`` is equivalent to ``X | Y`` and means either X or " "Y." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:636 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:641 msgid "" "To define a union, use e.g. ``Union[int, str]`` or the shorthand ``int | " "str``. Using that shorthand is recommended. Details:" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:638 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:643 msgid "The arguments must be types and there must be at least one." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:640 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:645 msgid "Unions of unions are flattened, e.g.::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:644 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:649 msgid "Unions of a single argument vanish, e.g.::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:648 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:653 msgid "Redundant arguments are skipped, e.g.::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:652 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:657 msgid "When comparing unions, the argument order is ignored, e.g.::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:656 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:661 msgid "You cannot subclass or instantiate a ``Union``." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:658 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:663 msgid "You cannot write ``Union[X][Y]``." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:660 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:665 msgid "Don't remove explicit subclasses from unions at runtime." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:663 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:668 msgid "" "Unions can now be written as ``X | Y``. See :ref:`union type " "expressions`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:669 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:674 msgid "Optional type." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:671 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:676 msgid "``Optional[X]`` is equivalent to ``X | None`` (or ``Union[X, None]``)." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:673 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:678 msgid "" "Note that this is not the same concept as an optional argument, which is one " "that has a default. An optional argument with a default does not require " @@ -703,31 +710,31 @@ msgid "" "optional. For example::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:681 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:686 msgid "" "On the other hand, if an explicit value of ``None`` is allowed, the use of " "``Optional`` is appropriate, whether the argument is optional or not. For " "example::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:688 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:693 msgid "" "Optional can now be written as ``X | None``. See :ref:`union type " "expressions`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:694 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:699 msgid "Callable type; ``Callable[[int], str]`` is a function of (int) -> str." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:696 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:701 msgid "" "The subscription syntax must always be used with exactly two values: the " "argument list and the return type. The argument list must be a list of " "types or an ellipsis; the return type must be a single type." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:701 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:706 msgid "" "There is no syntax to indicate optional or keyword arguments; such function " "types are rarely used as callback types. ``Callable[..., ReturnType]`` " @@ -737,19 +744,19 @@ msgid "" "Callable`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:717 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:722 msgid "" ":class:`collections.abc.Callable` now supports ``[]``. See :pep:`585` and :" "ref:`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:726 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:731 msgid "" "The documentation for :class:`ParamSpec` and :class:`Concatenate` provide " "examples of usage with ``Callable``." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:731 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:736 msgid "" "Used with :data:`Callable` and :class:`ParamSpec` to type annotate a higher " "order callable which adds, removes, or transforms parameters of another " @@ -759,7 +766,7 @@ msgid "" "``Concatenate`` must be a :class:`ParamSpec`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:738 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:743 msgid "" "For example, to annotate a decorator ``with_lock`` which provides a :class:" "`threading.Lock` to the decorated function, ``Concatenate`` can be used to " @@ -770,17 +777,17 @@ msgid "" "passed in::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:777 ../../library/typing.rst:1264 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:782 ../../library/typing.rst:1269 msgid "" ":pep:`612` -- Parameter Specification Variables (the PEP which introduced " "``ParamSpec`` and ``Concatenate``)." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:779 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:784 msgid ":class:`ParamSpec` and :class:`Callable`." msgstr ":class:`ParamSpec` 和 :class:`Callable`\\ 。" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:784 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:789 msgid "" "A variable annotated with ``C`` may accept a value of type ``C``. In " "contrast, a variable annotated with ``Type[C]`` may accept values that are " @@ -788,11 +795,11 @@ msgid "" "``C``. For example::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:793 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:798 msgid "Note that ``Type[C]`` is covariant::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:805 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:810 msgid "" "The fact that ``Type[C]`` is covariant implies that all subclasses of ``C`` " "should implement the same constructor signature and class method signatures " @@ -802,39 +809,39 @@ msgid "" "particular case may change in future revisions of :pep:`484`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:813 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:818 msgid "" "The only legal parameters for :class:`Type` are classes, :data:`Any`, :ref:" "`type variables `, and unions of any of these types. For example::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:819 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:824 msgid "" "``Type[Any]`` is equivalent to ``Type`` which in turn is equivalent to " "``type``, which is the root of Python's metaclass hierarchy." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:824 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:829 msgid "" ":class:`builtins.type ` now supports ``[]``. See :pep:`585` and :ref:" "`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:830 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:835 msgid "" "A type that can be used to indicate to type checkers that the corresponding " "variable or function parameter has a value equivalent to the provided " "literal (or one of several literals). For example::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:844 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:849 msgid "" "``Literal[...]`` cannot be subclassed. At runtime, an arbitrary value is " "allowed as type argument to ``Literal[...]``, but type checkers may impose " "restrictions. See :pep:`586` for more details about literal types." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:850 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:855 msgid "" "``Literal`` now de-duplicates parameters. Equality comparisons of " "``Literal`` objects are no longer order dependent. ``Literal`` objects will " @@ -842,22 +849,22 @@ msgid "" "their parameters are not :term:`hashable`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:858 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:863 msgid "Special type construct to mark class variables." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:860 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:865 msgid "" "As introduced in :pep:`526`, a variable annotation wrapped in ClassVar " "indicates that a given attribute is intended to be used as a class variable " "and should not be set on instances of that class. Usage::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:868 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:873 msgid ":data:`ClassVar` accepts only types and cannot be further subscribed." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:870 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:875 msgid "" ":data:`ClassVar` is not a class itself, and should not be used with :func:" "`isinstance` or :func:`issubclass`. :data:`ClassVar` does not change Python " @@ -865,19 +872,19 @@ msgid "" "example, a type checker might flag the following code as an error::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:884 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:889 msgid "" "A special typing construct to indicate to type checkers that a name cannot " "be re-assigned or overridden in a subclass. For example::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:896 ../../library/typing.rst:2147 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:901 ../../library/typing.rst:2152 msgid "" "There is no runtime checking of these properties. See :pep:`591` for more " "details." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:903 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:908 msgid "" "A type, introduced in :pep:`593` (``Flexible function and variable " "annotations``), to decorate existing types with context-specific metadata " @@ -894,7 +901,7 @@ msgid "" "application." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:917 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:922 msgid "" "Ultimately, the responsibility of how to interpret the annotations (if at " "all) is the responsibility of the tool or library encountering the " @@ -903,21 +910,21 @@ msgid "" "using ``isinstance()``)." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:923 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:928 msgid "" "When a tool or a library does not support annotations or encounters an " "unknown annotation it should just ignore it and treat annotated type as the " "underlying type." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:927 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:932 msgid "" "It's up to the tool consuming the annotations to decide whether the client " "is allowed to have several annotations on one type and how to merge those " "annotations." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:931 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:936 msgid "" "Since the ``Annotated`` type allows you to put several annotations of the " "same (or different) type(s) on any node, the tools or libraries consuming " @@ -925,59 +932,59 @@ msgid "" "example, if you are doing value range analysis you might allow this::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:940 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:945 msgid "" "Passing ``include_extras=True`` to :func:`get_type_hints` lets one access " "the extra annotations at runtime." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:943 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:948 msgid "The details of the syntax:" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:945 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:950 msgid "The first argument to ``Annotated`` must be a valid type" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:947 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:952 msgid "" "Multiple type annotations are supported (``Annotated`` supports variadic " "arguments)::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:952 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:957 msgid "" "``Annotated`` must be called with at least two arguments " "( ``Annotated[int]`` is not valid)" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:955 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:960 msgid "" "The order of the annotations is preserved and matters for equality checks::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:962 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:967 msgid "" "Nested ``Annotated`` types are flattened, with metadata ordered starting " "with the innermost annotation::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:969 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:974 msgid "Duplicated annotations are not removed::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:975 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:980 msgid "``Annotated`` can be used with nested and generic aliases::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:988 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:993 msgid "" "Special typing form used to annotate the return type of a user-defined type " "guard function. ``TypeGuard`` only accepts a single type argument. At " "runtime, functions marked this way should return a boolean." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:992 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:997 msgid "" "``TypeGuard`` aims to benefit *type narrowing* -- a technique used by static " "type checkers to determine a more precise type of an expression within a " @@ -986,44 +993,44 @@ msgid "" "conditional expression here is sometimes referred to as a \"type guard\"::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1007 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1012 msgid "" "Sometimes it would be convenient to use a user-defined boolean function as a " "type guard. Such a function should use ``TypeGuard[...]`` as its return " "type to alert static type checkers to this intention." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1011 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1016 msgid "" "Using ``-> TypeGuard`` tells the static type checker that for a given " "function:" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1014 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1019 msgid "The return value is a boolean." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1015 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1020 msgid "" "If the return value is ``True``, the type of its argument is the type inside " "``TypeGuard``." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1032 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1037 msgid "" "If ``is_str_list`` is a class or instance method, then the type in " "``TypeGuard`` maps to the type of the second parameter after ``cls`` or " "``self``." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1036 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1041 msgid "" "In short, the form ``def foo(arg: TypeA) -> TypeGuard[TypeB]: ...``, means " "that if ``foo(arg)`` returns ``True``, then ``arg`` narrows from ``TypeA`` " "to ``TypeB``." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1042 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1047 msgid "" "``TypeB`` need not be a narrower form of ``TypeA`` -- it can even be a wider " "form. The main reason is to allow for things like narrowing ``List[object]`` " @@ -1032,50 +1039,50 @@ msgid "" "guards is left to the user." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1048 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1053 msgid "" "``TypeGuard`` also works with type variables. For more information, see :" "pep:`647` (User-Defined Type Guards)." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1055 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1060 msgid "Building generic types" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1057 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1062 msgid "" "These are not used in annotations. They are building blocks for creating " "generic types." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1061 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1066 msgid "Abstract base class for generic types." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1063 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1068 msgid "" "A generic type is typically declared by inheriting from an instantiation of " "this class with one or more type variables. For example, a generic mapping " "type might be defined as::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1072 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1077 msgid "This class can then be used as follows::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1085 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1090 msgid "Type variable." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1087 ../../library/typing.rst:1193 -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1370 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1092 ../../library/typing.rst:1198 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1375 msgid "Usage::" msgstr "" "用法：\n" "\n" "::" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1093 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1098 msgid "" "Type variables exist primarily for the benefit of static type checkers. " "They serve as the parameters for generic types as well as for generic " @@ -1083,13 +1090,13 @@ msgid "" "types. Generic functions work as follows::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1113 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1118 msgid "" "Note that type variables can be *bound*, *constrained*, or neither, but " "cannot be both bound *and* constrained." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1116 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1121 msgid "" "Constrained type variables and bound type variables have different semantics " "in several important ways. Using a *constrained* type variable means that " @@ -1097,19 +1104,19 @@ msgid "" "constraints given::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1126 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1131 msgid "" "Using a *bound* type variable, however, means that the ``TypeVar`` will be " "solved using the most specific type possible::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1137 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1142 msgid "" "Type variables can be bound to concrete types, abstract types (ABCs or " "protocols), and even unions of types::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1143 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1148 msgid "" "Bound type variables are particularly useful for annotating :func:" "`classmethods ` that serve as alternative constructors. In the " @@ -1121,26 +1128,26 @@ msgid "" "type even if the method is called on a subclass::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1181 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1186 msgid "" "At runtime, ``isinstance(x, T)`` will raise :exc:`TypeError`. In general, :" "func:`isinstance` and :func:`issubclass` should not be used with types." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1184 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1189 msgid "" "Type variables may be marked covariant or contravariant by passing " "``covariant=True`` or ``contravariant=True``. See :pep:`484` for more " "details. By default, type variables are invariant." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1190 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1195 msgid "" "Parameter specification variable. A specialized version of :class:`type " "variables `." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1197 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1202 msgid "" "Parameter specification variables exist primarily for the benefit of static " "type checkers. They are used to forward the parameter types of one callable " @@ -1150,7 +1157,7 @@ msgid "" "See :class:`Generic` for more information on generic types." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1204 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1209 msgid "" "For example, to add basic logging to a function, one can create a decorator " "``add_logging`` to log function calls. The parameter specification variable " @@ -1158,27 +1165,27 @@ msgid "" "new callable returned by it have inter-dependent type parameters::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1228 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1233 msgid "" "Without ``ParamSpec``, the simplest way to annotate this previously was to " "use a :class:`TypeVar` with bound ``Callable[..., Any]``. However this " "causes two problems:" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1232 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1237 msgid "" "The type checker can't type check the ``inner`` function because ``*args`` " "and ``**kwargs`` have to be typed :data:`Any`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1234 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1239 msgid "" ":func:`~cast` may be required in the body of the ``add_logging`` decorator " "when returning the ``inner`` function, or the static type checker must be " "told to ignore the ``return inner``." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1241 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1246 msgid "" "Since ``ParamSpec`` captures both positional and keyword parameters, ``P." "args`` and ``P.kwargs`` can be used to split a ``ParamSpec`` into its " @@ -1191,7 +1198,7 @@ msgid "" "`ParamSpecKwargs`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1251 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1256 msgid "" "Parameter specification variables created with ``covariant=True`` or " "``contravariant=True`` can be used to declare covariant or contravariant " @@ -1200,17 +1207,17 @@ msgid "" "decided." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1260 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1265 msgid "" "Only parameter specification variables defined in global scope can be " "pickled." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1266 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1271 msgid ":class:`Callable` and :class:`Concatenate`." msgstr ":class:`Callable` 和 :class:`Concatenate`\\ 。" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1271 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1276 msgid "" "Arguments and keyword arguments attributes of a :class:`ParamSpec`. The ``P." "args`` attribute of a ``ParamSpec`` is an instance of ``ParamSpecArgs``, and " @@ -1218,36 +1225,36 @@ msgid "" "runtime introspection and have no special meaning to static type checkers." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1276 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1281 msgid "" "Calling :func:`get_origin` on either of these objects will return the " "original ``ParamSpec``::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1288 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1293 msgid "" "``AnyStr`` is a :class:`constrained type variable ` defined as " "``AnyStr = TypeVar('AnyStr', str, bytes)``." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1291 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1296 msgid "" "It is meant to be used for functions that may accept any kind of string " "without allowing different kinds of strings to mix. For example::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1303 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1308 msgid "" "Base class for protocol classes. Protocol classes are defined like this::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1309 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1314 msgid "" "Such classes are primarily used with static type checkers that recognize " "structural subtyping (static duck-typing), for example::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1321 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1326 msgid "" "See :pep:`544` for details. Protocol classes decorated with :func:" "`runtime_checkable` (described later) act as simple-minded runtime protocols " @@ -1255,15 +1262,15 @@ msgid "" "signatures." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1326 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1331 msgid "Protocol classes can be generic, for example::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1336 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1341 msgid "Mark a protocol class as a runtime protocol." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1338 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1343 msgid "" "Such a protocol can be used with :func:`isinstance` and :func:`issubclass`. " "This raises :exc:`TypeError` when applied to a non-protocol class. This " @@ -1272,7 +1279,7 @@ msgid "" "For example::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1351 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1356 msgid "" ":func:`runtime_checkable` will check only the presence of the required " "methods, not their type signatures. For example, :class:`ssl.SSLObject` is a " @@ -1282,38 +1289,38 @@ msgid "" "making it impossible to call (instantiate) :class:`ssl.SSLObject`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1362 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1367 msgid "Other special directives" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1364 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1369 msgid "" "These are not used in annotations. They are building blocks for declaring " "types." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1368 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1373 msgid "Typed version of :func:`collections.namedtuple`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1376 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1381 msgid "This is equivalent to::" msgstr "" "這等價於：\n" "\n" "::" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1380 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1385 msgid "" "To give a field a default value, you can assign to it in the class body::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1389 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1394 msgid "" "Fields with a default value must come after any fields without a default." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1391 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1396 msgid "" "The resulting class has an extra attribute ``__annotations__`` giving a dict " "that maps the field names to the field types. (The field names are in the " @@ -1322,52 +1329,52 @@ msgid "" "API.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1397 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1402 msgid "``NamedTuple`` subclasses can also have docstrings and methods::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1407 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1412 msgid "Backward-compatible usage::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1411 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1416 msgid "Added support for :pep:`526` variable annotation syntax." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1414 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1419 msgid "Added support for default values, methods, and docstrings." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1417 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1422 msgid "" "The ``_field_types`` and ``__annotations__`` attributes are now regular " "dictionaries instead of instances of ``OrderedDict``." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1421 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1426 msgid "" "Removed the ``_field_types`` attribute in favor of the more standard " "``__annotations__`` attribute which has the same information." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1427 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1432 msgid "" "A helper class to indicate a distinct type to a typechecker, see :ref:" "`distinct`. At runtime it returns an object that returns its argument when " "called. Usage::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1437 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1442 msgid "``NewType`` is now a class rather than a function." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1442 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1447 msgid "" "Special construct to add type hints to a dictionary. At runtime it is a " "plain :class:`dict`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1445 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1450 msgid "" "``TypedDict`` declares a dictionary type that expects all of its instances " "to have a certain set of keys, where each key is associated with a value of " @@ -1375,27 +1382,27 @@ msgid "" "enforced by type checkers. Usage::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1461 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1466 msgid "" "To allow using this feature with older versions of Python that do not " "support :pep:`526`, ``TypedDict`` supports two additional equivalent " "syntactic forms::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1468 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1473 msgid "" "The functional syntax should also be used when any of the keys are not " "valid :ref:`identifiers `, for example because they are " "keywords or contain hyphens. Example::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1480 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1485 msgid "" "By default, all keys must be present in a ``TypedDict``. It is possible to " "override this by specifying totality. Usage::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1488 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1493 msgid "" "This means that a ``Point2D`` ``TypedDict`` can have any of the keys " "omitted. A type checker is only expected to support a literal ``False`` or " @@ -1403,37 +1410,37 @@ msgid "" "and makes all items defined in the class body required." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1493 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1498 msgid "" "It is possible for a ``TypedDict`` type to inherit from one or more other " "``TypedDict`` types using the class-based syntax. Usage::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1500 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1505 msgid "" "``Point3D`` has three items: ``x``, ``y`` and ``z``. It is equivalent to " "this definition::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1508 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1513 msgid "" "A ``TypedDict`` cannot inherit from a non-\\ ``TypedDict`` class, notably " "including :class:`Generic`. For example::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1526 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1531 msgid "" "A ``TypedDict`` can be introspected via annotations dicts (see :ref:" "`annotations-howto` for more information on annotations best practices), :" "attr:`__total__`, :attr:`__required_keys__`, and :attr:`__optional_keys__`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1532 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1537 msgid "" "``Point2D.__total__`` gives the value of the ``total`` argument. Example::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1552 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1557 msgid "" "``Point2D.__required_keys__`` and ``Point2D.__optional_keys__`` return :" "class:`frozenset` objects containing required and non-required keys, " @@ -1443,152 +1450,152 @@ msgid "" "it from another ``TypedDict`` with a different value for ``total``. Usage::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1574 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1579 msgid "" "See :pep:`589` for more examples and detailed rules of using ``TypedDict``." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1579 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1584 msgid "Generic concrete collections" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1582 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1587 msgid "Corresponding to built-in types" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1586 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1591 msgid "" "A generic version of :class:`dict`. Useful for annotating return types. To " "annotate arguments it is preferred to use an abstract collection type such " "as :class:`Mapping`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1590 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1595 msgid "This type can be used as follows::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1595 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1600 msgid "" ":class:`builtins.dict ` now supports ``[]``. See :pep:`585` and :ref:" "`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1601 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1606 msgid "" "Generic version of :class:`list`. Useful for annotating return types. To " "annotate arguments it is preferred to use an abstract collection type such " "as :class:`Sequence` or :class:`Iterable`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1606 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1611 msgid "This type may be used as follows::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1616 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1621 msgid "" ":class:`builtins.list ` now supports ``[]``. See :pep:`585` and :ref:" "`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1622 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1627 msgid "" "A generic version of :class:`builtins.set `. Useful for annotating " "return types. To annotate arguments it is preferred to use an abstract " "collection type such as :class:`AbstractSet`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1626 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1631 msgid "" ":class:`builtins.set ` now supports ``[]``. See :pep:`585` and :ref:" "`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1632 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1637 msgid "A generic version of :class:`builtins.frozenset `." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1634 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1639 msgid "" ":class:`builtins.frozenset ` now supports ``[]``. See :pep:`585` " "and :ref:`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1638 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1643 msgid ":data:`Tuple` is a special form." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1641 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1646 msgid "Corresponding to types in :mod:`collections`" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1645 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1650 msgid "A generic version of :class:`collections.defaultdict`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1649 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1654 msgid "" ":class:`collections.defaultdict` now supports ``[]``. See :pep:`585` and :" "ref:`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1655 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1660 msgid "A generic version of :class:`collections.OrderedDict`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1659 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1664 msgid "" ":class:`collections.OrderedDict` now supports ``[]``. See :pep:`585` and :" "ref:`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1665 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1670 msgid "A generic version of :class:`collections.ChainMap`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1670 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1675 msgid "" ":class:`collections.ChainMap` now supports ``[]``. See :pep:`585` and :ref:" "`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1676 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1681 msgid "A generic version of :class:`collections.Counter`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1681 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1686 msgid "" ":class:`collections.Counter` now supports ``[]``. See :pep:`585` and :ref:" "`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1687 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1692 msgid "A generic version of :class:`collections.deque`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1692 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1697 msgid "" ":class:`collections.deque` now supports ``[]``. See :pep:`585` and :ref:" "`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1697 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1702 msgid "Other concrete types" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1703 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1708 msgid "" "Generic type ``IO[AnyStr]`` and its subclasses ``TextIO(IO[str])`` and " "``BinaryIO(IO[bytes])`` represent the types of I/O streams such as returned " "by :func:`open`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1710 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1715 msgid "" "The ``typing.io`` namespace is deprecated and will be removed. These types " "should be directly imported from ``typing`` instead." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1715 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1720 msgid "" "These type aliases correspond to the return types from :func:`re.compile` " "and :func:`re.match`. These types (and the corresponding functions) are " @@ -1596,413 +1603,413 @@ msgid "" "``Pattern[bytes]``, ``Match[str]``, or ``Match[bytes]``." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1725 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1730 msgid "" "The ``typing.re`` namespace is deprecated and will be removed. These types " "should be directly imported from ``typing`` instead." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1726 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1731 msgid "" "Classes ``Pattern`` and ``Match`` from :mod:`re` now support ``[]``. See :" "pep:`585` and :ref:`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1732 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1737 msgid "" "``Text`` is an alias for ``str``. It is provided to supply a forward " "compatible path for Python 2 code: in Python 2, ``Text`` is an alias for " "``unicode``." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1736 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1741 msgid "" "Use ``Text`` to indicate that a value must contain a unicode string in a " "manner that is compatible with both Python 2 and Python 3::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1745 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1750 msgid "Abstract Base Classes" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1748 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1753 msgid "Corresponding to collections in :mod:`collections.abc`" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1752 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1757 msgid "A generic version of :class:`collections.abc.Set`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1754 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1759 msgid "" ":class:`collections.abc.Set` now supports ``[]``. See :pep:`585` and :ref:" "`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1760 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1765 msgid "A generic version of :class:`collections.abc.ByteString`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1762 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1767 msgid "" "This type represents the types :class:`bytes`, :class:`bytearray`, and :" "class:`memoryview` of byte sequences." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1765 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1770 msgid "" "As a shorthand for this type, :class:`bytes` can be used to annotate " "arguments of any of the types mentioned above." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1768 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1773 msgid "" ":class:`collections.abc.ByteString` now supports ``[]``. See :pep:`585` and :" "ref:`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1774 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1779 msgid "A generic version of :class:`collections.abc.Collection`" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1778 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1783 msgid "" ":class:`collections.abc.Collection` now supports ``[]``. See :pep:`585` and :" "ref:`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1784 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1789 msgid "A generic version of :class:`collections.abc.Container`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1786 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1791 msgid "" ":class:`collections.abc.Container` now supports ``[]``. See :pep:`585` and :" "ref:`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1792 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1797 msgid "A generic version of :class:`collections.abc.ItemsView`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1794 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1799 msgid "" ":class:`collections.abc.ItemsView` now supports ``[]``. See :pep:`585` and :" "ref:`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1800 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1805 msgid "A generic version of :class:`collections.abc.KeysView`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1802 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1807 msgid "" ":class:`collections.abc.KeysView` now supports ``[]``. See :pep:`585` and :" "ref:`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1808 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1813 msgid "" "A generic version of :class:`collections.abc.Mapping`. This type can be used " "as follows::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1814 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1819 msgid "" ":class:`collections.abc.Mapping` now supports ``[]``. See :pep:`585` and :" "ref:`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1820 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1825 msgid "A generic version of :class:`collections.abc.MappingView`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1822 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1827 msgid "" ":class:`collections.abc.MappingView` now supports ``[]``. See :pep:`585` " "and :ref:`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1828 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1833 msgid "A generic version of :class:`collections.abc.MutableMapping`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1830 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1835 msgid "" ":class:`collections.abc.MutableMapping` now supports ``[]``. See :pep:`585` " "and :ref:`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1836 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1841 msgid "A generic version of :class:`collections.abc.MutableSequence`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1838 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1843 msgid "" ":class:`collections.abc.MutableSequence` now supports ``[]``. See :pep:`585` " "and :ref:`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1844 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1849 msgid "A generic version of :class:`collections.abc.MutableSet`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1846 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1851 msgid "" ":class:`collections.abc.MutableSet` now supports ``[]``. See :pep:`585` and :" "ref:`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1852 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1857 msgid "A generic version of :class:`collections.abc.Sequence`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1854 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1859 msgid "" ":class:`collections.abc.Sequence` now supports ``[]``. See :pep:`585` and :" "ref:`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1860 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1865 msgid "A generic version of :class:`collections.abc.ValuesView`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1862 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1867 msgid "" ":class:`collections.abc.ValuesView` now supports ``[]``. See :pep:`585` and :" "ref:`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1867 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1872 msgid "Corresponding to other types in :mod:`collections.abc`" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1871 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1876 msgid "A generic version of :class:`collections.abc.Iterable`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1873 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1878 msgid "" ":class:`collections.abc.Iterable` now supports ``[]``. See :pep:`585` and :" "ref:`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1879 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1884 msgid "A generic version of :class:`collections.abc.Iterator`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1881 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1886 msgid "" ":class:`collections.abc.Iterator` now supports ``[]``. See :pep:`585` and :" "ref:`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1887 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1892 msgid "" "A generator can be annotated by the generic type ``Generator[YieldType, " "SendType, ReturnType]``. For example::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1896 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1901 msgid "" "Note that unlike many other generics in the typing module, the ``SendType`` " "of :class:`Generator` behaves contravariantly, not covariantly or " "invariantly." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1900 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1905 msgid "" "If your generator will only yield values, set the ``SendType`` and " "``ReturnType`` to ``None``::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1908 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1913 msgid "" "Alternatively, annotate your generator as having a return type of either " "``Iterable[YieldType]`` or ``Iterator[YieldType]``::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1916 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1921 msgid "" ":class:`collections.abc.Generator` now supports ``[]``. See :pep:`585` and :" "ref:`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1922 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1927 msgid "An alias to :class:`collections.abc.Hashable`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1926 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1931 msgid "A generic version of :class:`collections.abc.Reversible`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1928 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1933 msgid "" ":class:`collections.abc.Reversible` now supports ``[]``. See :pep:`585` and :" "ref:`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1934 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1939 msgid "An alias to :class:`collections.abc.Sized`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1937 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1942 msgid "Asynchronous programming" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1941 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1946 msgid "" "A generic version of :class:`collections.abc.Coroutine`. The variance and " "order of type variables correspond to those of :class:`Generator`, for " "example::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1953 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1958 msgid "" ":class:`collections.abc.Coroutine` now supports ``[]``. See :pep:`585` and :" "ref:`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1959 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1964 msgid "" "An async generator can be annotated by the generic type " "``AsyncGenerator[YieldType, SendType]``. For example::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1968 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1973 msgid "" "Unlike normal generators, async generators cannot return a value, so there " "is no ``ReturnType`` type parameter. As with :class:`Generator`, the " "``SendType`` behaves contravariantly." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1972 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1977 msgid "" "If your generator will only yield values, set the ``SendType`` to ``None``::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1980 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1985 msgid "" "Alternatively, annotate your generator as having a return type of either " "``AsyncIterable[YieldType]`` or ``AsyncIterator[YieldType]``::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1990 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:1995 msgid "" ":class:`collections.abc.AsyncGenerator` now supports ``[]``. See :pep:`585` " "and :ref:`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:1996 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2001 msgid "A generic version of :class:`collections.abc.AsyncIterable`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2000 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2005 msgid "" ":class:`collections.abc.AsyncIterable` now supports ``[]``. See :pep:`585` " "and :ref:`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2006 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2011 msgid "A generic version of :class:`collections.abc.AsyncIterator`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2010 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2015 msgid "" ":class:`collections.abc.AsyncIterator` now supports ``[]``. See :pep:`585` " "and :ref:`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2016 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2021 msgid "A generic version of :class:`collections.abc.Awaitable`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2020 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2025 msgid "" ":class:`collections.abc.Awaitable` now supports ``[]``. See :pep:`585` and :" "ref:`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2026 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2031 msgid "Context manager types" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2030 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2035 msgid "A generic version of :class:`contextlib.AbstractContextManager`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2035 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2040 msgid "" ":class:`contextlib.AbstractContextManager` now supports ``[]``. See :pep:" "`585` and :ref:`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2041 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2046 msgid "A generic version of :class:`contextlib.AbstractAsyncContextManager`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2046 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2051 msgid "" ":class:`contextlib.AbstractAsyncContextManager` now supports ``[]``. See :" "pep:`585` and :ref:`types-genericalias`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2051 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2056 msgid "Protocols" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2053 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2058 msgid "These protocols are decorated with :func:`runtime_checkable`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2057 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2062 msgid "" "An ABC with one abstract method ``__abs__`` that is covariant in its return " "type." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2062 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2067 msgid "An ABC with one abstract method ``__bytes__``." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2066 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2071 msgid "An ABC with one abstract method ``__complex__``." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2070 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2075 msgid "An ABC with one abstract method ``__float__``." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2074 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2079 msgid "An ABC with one abstract method ``__index__``." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2080 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2085 msgid "An ABC with one abstract method ``__int__``." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2084 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2089 msgid "" "An ABC with one abstract method ``__round__`` that is covariant in its " "return type." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2088 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2093 msgid "Functions and decorators" msgstr "函式與裝飾器" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2092 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2097 msgid "Cast a value to a type." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2094 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2099 msgid "" "This returns the value unchanged. To the type checker this signals that the " "return value has the designated type, but at runtime we intentionally don't " "check anything (we want this to be as fast as possible)." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2101 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2106 msgid "" "The ``@overload`` decorator allows describing functions and methods that " "support multiple different combinations of argument types. A series of " @@ -2017,69 +2024,69 @@ msgid "" "variable::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2125 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2130 msgid "See :pep:`484` for details and comparison with other typing semantics." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2129 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2134 msgid "" "A decorator to indicate to type checkers that the decorated method cannot be " "overridden, and the decorated class cannot be subclassed. For example::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2154 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2159 msgid "Decorator to indicate that annotations are not type hints." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2156 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2161 msgid "" "This works as class or function :term:`decorator`. With a class, it applies " "recursively to all methods defined in that class (but not to methods defined " "in its superclasses or subclasses)." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2160 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2165 msgid "This mutates the function(s) in place." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2164 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2169 msgid "Decorator to give another decorator the :func:`no_type_check` effect." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2166 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2171 msgid "" "This wraps the decorator with something that wraps the decorated function " "in :func:`no_type_check`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2171 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2176 msgid "Decorator to mark a class or function to be unavailable at runtime." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2173 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2178 msgid "" "This decorator is itself not available at runtime. It is mainly intended to " "mark classes that are defined in type stub files if an implementation " "returns an instance of a private class::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2184 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2189 msgid "" "Note that returning instances of private classes is not recommended. It is " "usually preferable to make such classes public." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2188 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2193 msgid "Introspection helpers" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2192 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2197 msgid "" "Return a dictionary containing type hints for a function, method, module or " "class object." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2195 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2200 msgid "" "This is often the same as ``obj.__annotations__``. In addition, forward " "references encoded as string literals are handled by evaluating them in " @@ -2089,29 +2096,29 @@ msgid "" "merging all the ``__annotations__`` along ``C.__mro__`` in reverse order." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2203 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2208 msgid "" "The function recursively replaces all ``Annotated[T, ...]`` with ``T``, " "unless ``include_extras`` is set to ``True`` (see :class:`Annotated` for " "more information). For example::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2218 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2223 msgid "" ":func:`get_type_hints` does not work with imported :ref:`type aliases ` that include forward references. Enabling postponed evaluation of " "annotations (:pep:`563`) may remove the need for most forward references." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2223 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2228 msgid "Added ``include_extras`` parameter as part of :pep:`593`." msgstr "新增 ``include_extras`` 參數（如 :pep:`593` 中所述）。" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2229 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2234 msgid "Provide basic introspection for generic types and special typing forms." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2231 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2236 msgid "" "For a typing object of the form ``X[Y, Z, ...]`` these functions return " "``X`` and ``(Y, Z, ...)``. If ``X`` is a generic alias for a builtin or :mod:" @@ -2122,11 +2129,11 @@ msgid "" "and ``()`` correspondingly. Examples::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2250 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2255 msgid "Check if a type is a :class:`TypedDict`." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2265 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2270 msgid "" "A class used for internal typing representation of string forward " "references. For example, ``List[\"SomeClass\"]`` is implicitly transformed " @@ -2134,24 +2141,24 @@ msgid "" "instantiated by a user, but may be used by introspection tools." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2271 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2276 msgid "" ":pep:`585` generic types such as ``list[\"SomeClass\"]`` will not be " "implicitly transformed into ``list[ForwardRef(\"SomeClass\")]`` and thus " "will not automatically resolve to ``list[SomeClass]``." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2278 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2283 msgid "Constant" msgstr "常數" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2282 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2287 msgid "" "A special constant that is assumed to be ``True`` by 3rd party static type " "checkers. It is ``False`` at runtime. Usage::" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2291 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2296 msgid "" "The first type annotation must be enclosed in quotes, making it a \"forward " "reference\", to hide the ``expensive_mod`` reference from the interpreter " @@ -2159,7 +2166,7 @@ msgid "" "second annotation does not need to be enclosed in quotes." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/typing.rst:2298 +#: ../../library/typing.rst:2303 msgid "" "If ``from __future__ import annotations`` is used, annotations are not " "evaluated at function definition time. Instead, they are stored as strings " diff --git a/library/wave.po b/library/wave.po index 1ddcc5c33a..40ff44399a 100644 --- a/library/wave.po +++ b/library/wave.po @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Python 3.10\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-06-20 18:08+0800\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2022-09-24 00:21+0000\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2018-05-23 16:15+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Adrian Liaw \n" "Language-Team: Chinese - TAIWAN (https://github.com/python/python-docs-zh-" @@ -29,41 +29,42 @@ msgstr "**原始碼：**\\ :source:`Lib/wave.py`" #: ../../library/wave.rst:14 msgid "" "The :mod:`wave` module provides a convenient interface to the WAV sound " -"format. It does not support compression/decompression, but it does support " -"mono/stereo." +"format. Only files using ``WAVE_FORMAT_PCM`` are supported. Note that this " +"does not include files using ``WAVE_FORMAT_EXTENSIBLE`` even if the " +"subformat is PCM." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/wave.rst:17 +#: ../../library/wave.rst:18 msgid "The :mod:`wave` module defines the following function and exception:" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/wave.rst:22 +#: ../../library/wave.rst:23 msgid "" "If *file* is a string, open the file by that name, otherwise treat it as a " "file-like object. *mode* can be:" msgstr "" -#: ../../library/wave.rst:26 +#: ../../library/wave.rst:27 msgid "``'rb'``" msgstr "``'rb'``" -#: ../../library/wave.rst:26 +#: ../../library/wave.rst:27 msgid "Read only mode." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/wave.rst:29 +#: ../../library/wave.rst:30 msgid "``'wb'``" msgstr "``'wb'``" -#: ../../library/wave.rst:29 +#: ../../library/wave.rst:30 msgid "Write only mode." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/wave.rst:31 +#: ../../library/wave.rst:32 msgid "Note that it does not allow read/write WAV files." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/wave.rst:33 +#: ../../library/wave.rst:34 msgid "" "A *mode* of ``'rb'`` returns a :class:`Wave_read` object, while a *mode* of " "``'wb'`` returns a :class:`Wave_write` object. If *mode* is omitted and a " @@ -71,14 +72,14 @@ msgid "" "value for *mode*." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/wave.rst:38 +#: ../../library/wave.rst:39 msgid "" "If you pass in a file-like object, the wave object will not close it when " "its :meth:`close` method is called; it is the caller's responsibility to " "close the file object." msgstr "" -#: ../../library/wave.rst:42 +#: ../../library/wave.rst:43 msgid "" "The :func:`.open` function may be used in a :keyword:`with` statement. When " "the :keyword:`!with` block completes, the :meth:`Wave_read.close() \n" "Language-Team: Chinese - TAIWAN (https://github.com/python/python-docs-zh-" @@ -1069,40 +1069,52 @@ msgstr "" msgid "" "If the syntax ``**expression`` appears in the function call, ``expression`` " "must evaluate to a :term:`mapping`, the contents of which are treated as " -"additional keyword arguments. If a keyword is already present (as an " -"explicit keyword argument, or from another unpacking), a :exc:`TypeError` " -"exception is raised." +"additional keyword arguments. If a parameter matching a key has already been " +"given a value (by an explicit keyword argument, or from another unpacking), " +"a :exc:`TypeError` exception is raised." msgstr "" #: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1056 msgid "" +"When ``**expression`` is used, each key in this mapping must be a string. " +"Each value from the mapping is assigned to the first formal parameter " +"eligible for keyword assignment whose name is equal to the key. A key need " +"not be a Python identifier (e.g. ``\"max-temp °F\"`` is acceptable, although " +"it will not match any formal parameter that could be declared). If there is " +"no match to a formal parameter the key-value pair is collected by the ``**`` " +"parameter, if there is one, or if there is not, a :exc:`TypeError` exception " +"is raised." +msgstr "" + +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1066 +msgid "" "Formal parameters using the syntax ``*identifier`` or ``**identifier`` " "cannot be used as positional argument slots or as keyword argument names." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1059 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1069 msgid "" "Function calls accept any number of ``*`` and ``**`` unpackings, positional " "arguments may follow iterable unpackings (``*``), and keyword arguments may " "follow dictionary unpackings (``**``). Originally proposed by :pep:`448`." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1065 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1075 msgid "" "A call always returns some value, possibly ``None``, unless it raises an " "exception. How this value is computed depends on the type of the callable " "object." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1069 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1079 msgid "If it is---" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1082 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1092 msgid "a user-defined function:" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1078 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1088 msgid "" "The code block for the function is executed, passing it the argument list. " "The first thing the code block will do is bind the formal parameters to the " @@ -1111,73 +1123,73 @@ msgid "" "value of the function call." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1096 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1106 msgid "a built-in function or method:" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1095 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1105 msgid "" "The result is up to the interpreter; see :ref:`built-in-funcs` for the " "descriptions of built-in functions and methods." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1103 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1113 msgid "a class object:" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1103 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1113 msgid "A new instance of that class is returned." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1113 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1123 msgid "a class instance method:" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1111 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1121 msgid "" "The corresponding user-defined function is called, with an argument list " "that is one longer than the argument list of the call: the instance becomes " "the first argument." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1122 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1132 msgid "a class instance:" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1120 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1130 msgid "" "The class must define a :meth:`__call__` method; the effect is then the same " "as if that method was called." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1128 ../../reference/expressions.rst:1894 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1138 ../../reference/expressions.rst:1904 msgid "Await expression" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1130 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1140 msgid "" "Suspend the execution of :term:`coroutine` on an :term:`awaitable` object. " "Can only be used inside a :term:`coroutine function`." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1142 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1152 msgid "The power operator" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1148 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1158 msgid "" "The power operator binds more tightly than unary operators on its left; it " "binds less tightly than unary operators on its right. The syntax is:" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1154 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1164 msgid "" "Thus, in an unparenthesized sequence of power and unary operators, the " "operators are evaluated from right to left (this does not constrain the " "evaluation order for the operands): ``-1**2`` results in ``-1``." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1158 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1168 msgid "" "The power operator has the same semantics as the built-in :func:`pow` " "function, when called with two arguments: it yields its left argument raised " @@ -1185,7 +1197,7 @@ msgid "" "converted to a common type, and the result is of that type." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1163 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1173 msgid "" "For int operands, the result has the same type as the operands unless the " "second argument is negative; in that case, all arguments are converted to " @@ -1193,40 +1205,40 @@ msgid "" "``100``, but ``10**-2`` returns ``0.01``." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1168 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1178 msgid "" "Raising ``0.0`` to a negative power results in a :exc:`ZeroDivisionError`. " "Raising a negative number to a fractional power results in a :class:" "`complex` number. (In earlier versions it raised a :exc:`ValueError`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1172 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1182 msgid "" "This operation can be customized using the special :meth:`__pow__` method." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1177 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1187 msgid "Unary arithmetic and bitwise operations" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1183 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1193 msgid "All unary arithmetic and bitwise operations have the same priority:" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1194 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1204 msgid "" "The unary ``-`` (minus) operator yields the negation of its numeric " "argument; the operation can be overridden with the :meth:`__neg__` special " "method." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1202 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1212 msgid "" "The unary ``+`` (plus) operator yields its numeric argument unchanged; the " "operation can be overridden with the :meth:`__pos__` special method." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1209 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1219 msgid "" "The unary ``~`` (invert) operator yields the bitwise inversion of its " "integer argument. The bitwise inversion of ``x`` is defined as ``-(x+1)``. " @@ -1234,17 +1246,17 @@ msgid "" "meth:`__invert__` special method." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1218 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1228 msgid "" "In all three cases, if the argument does not have the proper type, a :exc:" "`TypeError` exception is raised." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1225 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1235 msgid "Binary arithmetic operations" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1229 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1239 msgid "" "The binary arithmetic operations have the conventional priority levels. " "Note that some of these operations also apply to certain non-numeric types. " @@ -1252,7 +1264,7 @@ msgid "" "multiplicative operators and one for additive operators:" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1244 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1254 msgid "" "The ``*`` (multiplication) operator yields the product of its arguments. " "The arguments must either both be numbers, or one argument must be an " @@ -1262,19 +1274,19 @@ msgid "" "an empty sequence." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1250 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1260 msgid "" "This operation can be customized using the special :meth:`__mul__` and :meth:" "`__rmul__` methods." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1257 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1267 msgid "" "The ``@`` (at) operator is intended to be used for matrix multiplication. " "No builtin Python types implement this operator." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1268 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1278 msgid "" "The ``/`` (division) and ``//`` (floor division) operators yield the " "quotient of their arguments. The numeric arguments are first converted to a " @@ -1284,13 +1296,13 @@ msgid "" "the :exc:`ZeroDivisionError` exception." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1275 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1285 msgid "" "This operation can be customized using the special :meth:`__truediv__` and :" "meth:`__floordiv__` methods." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1282 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1292 msgid "" "The ``%`` (modulo) operator yields the remainder from the division of the " "first argument by the second. The numeric arguments are first converted to " @@ -1302,7 +1314,7 @@ msgid "" "absolute value of the second operand [#]_." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1291 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1301 msgid "" "The floor division and modulo operators are connected by the following " "identity: ``x == (x//y)*y + (x%y)``. Floor division and modulo are also " @@ -1310,7 +1322,7 @@ msgid "" "y, x%y)``. [#]_." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1296 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1306 msgid "" "In addition to performing the modulo operation on numbers, the ``%`` " "operator is also overloaded by string objects to perform old-style string " @@ -1319,20 +1331,20 @@ msgid "" "formatting`." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1301 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1311 msgid "" "The *modulo* operation can be customized using the special :meth:`__mod__` " "method." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1303 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1313 msgid "" "The floor division operator, the modulo operator, and the :func:`divmod` " "function are not defined for complex numbers. Instead, convert to a " "floating point number using the :func:`abs` function if appropriate." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1312 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1322 msgid "" "The ``+`` (addition) operator yields the sum of its arguments. The " "arguments must either both be numbers or both be sequences of the same " @@ -1340,84 +1352,84 @@ msgid "" "then added together. In the latter case, the sequences are concatenated." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1317 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1327 msgid "" "This operation can be customized using the special :meth:`__add__` and :meth:" "`__radd__` methods." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1325 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1335 msgid "" "The ``-`` (subtraction) operator yields the difference of its arguments. " "The numeric arguments are first converted to a common type." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1328 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1338 msgid "" "This operation can be customized using the special :meth:`__sub__` method." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1334 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1344 msgid "Shifting operations" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1341 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1351 msgid "" "The shifting operations have lower priority than the arithmetic operations:" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1346 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1356 msgid "" "These operators accept integers as arguments. They shift the first argument " "to the left or right by the number of bits given by the second argument." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1349 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1359 msgid "" "This operation can be customized using the special :meth:`__lshift__` and :" "meth:`__rshift__` methods." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1354 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1364 msgid "" "A right shift by *n* bits is defined as floor division by ``pow(2,n)``. A " "left shift by *n* bits is defined as multiplication with ``pow(2,n)``." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1361 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1371 msgid "Binary bitwise operations" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1365 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1375 msgid "Each of the three bitwise operations has a different priority level:" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1376 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1386 msgid "" "The ``&`` operator yields the bitwise AND of its arguments, which must be " "integers or one of them must be a custom object overriding :meth:`__and__` " "or :meth:`__rand__` special methods." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1385 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1395 msgid "" "The ``^`` operator yields the bitwise XOR (exclusive OR) of its arguments, " "which must be integers or one of them must be a custom object overriding :" "meth:`__xor__` or :meth:`__rxor__` special methods." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1394 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1404 msgid "" "The ``|`` operator yields the bitwise (inclusive) OR of its arguments, which " "must be integers or one of them must be a custom object overriding :meth:" "`__or__` or :meth:`__ror__` special methods." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1402 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1412 msgid "Comparisons" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1414 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1424 msgid "" "Unlike C, all comparison operations in Python have the same priority, which " "is lower than that of any arithmetic, shifting or bitwise operation. Also " @@ -1425,14 +1437,14 @@ msgid "" "conventional in mathematics:" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1424 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1434 msgid "" "Comparisons yield boolean values: ``True`` or ``False``. Custom :dfn:`rich " "comparison methods` may return non-boolean values. In this case Python will " "call :func:`bool` on such value in boolean contexts." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1430 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1440 msgid "" "Comparisons can be chained arbitrarily, e.g., ``x < y <= z`` is equivalent " "to ``x < y and y <= z``, except that ``y`` is evaluated only once (but in " @@ -1440,7 +1452,7 @@ msgid "" "false)." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1434 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1444 msgid "" "Formally, if *a*, *b*, *c*, ..., *y*, *z* are expressions and *op1*, " "*op2*, ..., *opN* are comparison operators, then ``a op1 b op2 c ... y opN " @@ -1448,24 +1460,24 @@ msgid "" "each expression is evaluated at most once." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1439 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1449 msgid "" "Note that ``a op1 b op2 c`` doesn't imply any kind of comparison between *a* " "and *c*, so that, e.g., ``x < y > z`` is perfectly legal (though perhaps not " "pretty)." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1444 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1454 msgid "Value comparisons" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1446 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1456 msgid "" "The operators ``<``, ``>``, ``==``, ``>=``, ``<=``, and ``!=`` compare the " "values of two objects. The objects do not need to have the same type." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1449 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1459 msgid "" "Chapter :ref:`objects` states that objects have a value (in addition to type " "and identity). The value of an object is a rather abstract notion in " @@ -1477,7 +1489,7 @@ msgid "" "indirectly, by means of their comparison implementation." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1458 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1468 msgid "" "Because all types are (direct or indirect) subtypes of :class:`object`, they " "inherit the default comparison behavior from :class:`object`. Types can " @@ -1485,7 +1497,7 @@ msgid "" "methods` like :meth:`__lt__`, described in :ref:`customization`." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1464 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1474 msgid "" "The default behavior for equality comparison (``==`` and ``!=``) is based on " "the identity of the objects. Hence, equality comparison of instances with " @@ -1495,14 +1507,14 @@ msgid "" "``x is y`` implies ``x == y``)." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1471 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1481 msgid "" "A default order comparison (``<``, ``>``, ``<=``, and ``>=``) is not " "provided; an attempt raises :exc:`TypeError`. A motivation for this default " "behavior is the lack of a similar invariant as for equality." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1475 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1485 msgid "" "The behavior of the default equality comparison, that instances with " "different identities are always unequal, may be in contrast to what types " @@ -1511,13 +1523,13 @@ msgid "" "in fact, a number of built-in types have done that." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1481 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1491 msgid "" "The following list describes the comparison behavior of the most important " "built-in types." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1484 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1494 msgid "" "Numbers of built-in numeric types (:ref:`typesnumeric`) and of the standard " "library types :class:`fractions.Fraction` and :class:`decimal.Decimal` can " @@ -1527,7 +1539,7 @@ msgid "" "of precision." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1491 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1501 msgid "" "The not-a-number values ``float('NaN')`` and ``decimal.Decimal('NaN')`` are " "special. Any ordered comparison of a number to a not-a-number value is " @@ -1537,32 +1549,32 @@ msgid "" "is compliant with IEEE 754." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1498 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1508 msgid "" "``None`` and ``NotImplemented`` are singletons. :PEP:`8` advises that " "comparisons for singletons should always be done with ``is`` or ``is not``, " "never the equality operators." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1502 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1512 msgid "" "Binary sequences (instances of :class:`bytes` or :class:`bytearray`) can be " "compared within and across their types. They compare lexicographically " "using the numeric values of their elements." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1506 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1516 msgid "" "Strings (instances of :class:`str`) compare lexicographically using the " "numerical Unicode code points (the result of the built-in function :func:" "`ord`) of their characters. [#]_" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1510 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1520 msgid "Strings and binary sequences cannot be directly compared." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1512 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1522 msgid "" "Sequences (instances of :class:`tuple`, :class:`list`, or :class:`range`) " "can be compared only within each of their types, with the restriction that " @@ -1571,7 +1583,7 @@ msgid "" "raises :exc:`TypeError`." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1518 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1528 msgid "" "Sequences compare lexicographically using comparison of corresponding " "elements. The built-in containers typically assume identical objects are " @@ -1579,19 +1591,19 @@ msgid "" "objects to improve performance and to maintain their internal invariants." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1523 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1533 msgid "" "Lexicographical comparison between built-in collections works as follows:" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1525 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1535 msgid "" "For two collections to compare equal, they must be of the same type, have " "the same length, and each pair of corresponding elements must compare equal " "(for example, ``[1,2] == (1,2)`` is false because the type is not the same)." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1530 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1540 msgid "" "Collections that support order comparison are ordered the same as their " "first unequal elements (for example, ``[1,2,x] <= [1,2,y]`` has the same " @@ -1600,25 +1612,25 @@ msgid "" "true)." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1536 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1546 msgid "" "Mappings (instances of :class:`dict`) compare equal if and only if they have " "equal `(key, value)` pairs. Equality comparison of the keys and values " "enforces reflexivity." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1540 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1550 msgid "" "Order comparisons (``<``, ``>``, ``<=``, and ``>=``) raise :exc:`TypeError`." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1542 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1552 msgid "" "Sets (instances of :class:`set` or :class:`frozenset`) can be compared " "within and across their types." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1545 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1555 msgid "" "They define order comparison operators to mean subset and superset tests. " "Those relations do not define total orderings (for example, the two sets " @@ -1629,110 +1641,110 @@ msgid "" "sets as inputs)." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1553 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1563 msgid "Comparison of sets enforces reflexivity of its elements." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1555 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1565 msgid "" "Most other built-in types have no comparison methods implemented, so they " "inherit the default comparison behavior." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1558 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1568 msgid "" "User-defined classes that customize their comparison behavior should follow " "some consistency rules, if possible:" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1561 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1571 msgid "" "Equality comparison should be reflexive. In other words, identical objects " "should compare equal:" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1564 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1574 msgid "``x is y`` implies ``x == y``" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1566 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1576 msgid "" "Comparison should be symmetric. In other words, the following expressions " "should have the same result:" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1569 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1579 msgid "``x == y`` and ``y == x``" msgstr "``x == y`` 和 ``y == x``" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1571 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1581 msgid "``x != y`` and ``y != x``" msgstr "``x != y`` 和 ``y != x``" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1573 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1583 msgid "``x < y`` and ``y > x``" msgstr "``x < y`` 和 ``y > x``" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1575 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1585 msgid "``x <= y`` and ``y >= x``" msgstr "``x <= y`` 和 ``y >= x``" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1577 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1587 msgid "" "Comparison should be transitive. The following (non-exhaustive) examples " "illustrate that:" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1580 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1590 msgid "``x > y and y > z`` implies ``x > z``" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1582 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1592 msgid "``x < y and y <= z`` implies ``x < z``" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1584 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1594 msgid "" "Inverse comparison should result in the boolean negation. In other words, " "the following expressions should have the same result:" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1587 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1597 msgid "``x == y`` and ``not x != y``" msgstr "``x == y`` 和 ``not x != y``" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1589 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1599 msgid "``x < y`` and ``not x >= y`` (for total ordering)" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1591 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1601 msgid "``x > y`` and ``not x <= y`` (for total ordering)" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1593 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1603 msgid "" "The last two expressions apply to totally ordered collections (e.g. to " "sequences, but not to sets or mappings). See also the :func:`~functools." "total_ordering` decorator." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1597 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1607 msgid "" "The :func:`hash` result should be consistent with equality. Objects that are " "equal should either have the same hash value, or be marked as unhashable." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1601 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1611 msgid "" "Python does not enforce these consistency rules. In fact, the not-a-number " "values are an example for not following these rules." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1610 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1620 msgid "Membership test operations" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1612 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1622 msgid "" "The operators :keyword:`in` and :keyword:`not in` test for membership. ``x " "in s`` evaluates to ``True`` if *x* is a member of *s*, and ``False`` " @@ -1743,7 +1755,7 @@ msgid "" "expression ``x in y`` is equivalent to ``any(x is e or x == e for e in y)``." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1620 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1630 msgid "" "For the string and bytes types, ``x in y`` is ``True`` if and only if *x* is " "a substring of *y*. An equivalent test is ``y.find(x) != -1``. Empty " @@ -1751,14 +1763,14 @@ msgid "" "\"\" in \"abc\"`` will return ``True``." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1625 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1635 msgid "" "For user-defined classes which define the :meth:`__contains__` method, ``x " "in y`` returns ``True`` if ``y.__contains__(x)`` returns a true value, and " "``False`` otherwise." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1629 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1639 msgid "" "For user-defined classes which do not define :meth:`__contains__` but do " "define :meth:`__iter__`, ``x in y`` is ``True`` if some value ``z``, for " @@ -1767,7 +1779,7 @@ msgid "" "as if :keyword:`in` raised that exception." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1635 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1645 msgid "" "Lastly, the old-style iteration protocol is tried: if a class defines :meth:" "`__getitem__`, ``x in y`` is ``True`` if and only if there is a non-negative " @@ -1776,17 +1788,17 @@ msgid "" "raised, it is as if :keyword:`in` raised that exception)." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1647 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1657 msgid "" "The operator :keyword:`not in` is defined to have the inverse truth value " "of :keyword:`in`." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1660 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1670 msgid "Identity comparisons" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1662 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1672 msgid "" "The operators :keyword:`is` and :keyword:`is not` test for an object's " "identity: ``x is y`` is true if and only if *x* and *y* are the same " @@ -1794,11 +1806,11 @@ msgid "" "``x is not y`` yields the inverse truth value. [#]_" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1674 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1684 msgid "Boolean operations" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1685 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1695 msgid "" "In the context of Boolean operations, and also when expressions are used by " "control flow statements, the following values are interpreted as false: " @@ -1809,25 +1821,25 @@ msgid "" "method." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1694 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1704 msgid "" "The operator :keyword:`not` yields ``True`` if its argument is false, " "``False`` otherwise." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1699 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1709 msgid "" "The expression ``x and y`` first evaluates *x*; if *x* is false, its value " "is returned; otherwise, *y* is evaluated and the resulting value is returned." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1704 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1714 msgid "" "The expression ``x or y`` first evaluates *x*; if *x* is true, its value is " "returned; otherwise, *y* is evaluated and the resulting value is returned." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1707 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1717 msgid "" "Note that neither :keyword:`and` nor :keyword:`or` restrict the value and " "type they return to ``False`` and ``True``, but rather return the last " @@ -1838,11 +1850,11 @@ msgid "" "argument (for example, ``not 'foo'`` produces ``False`` rather than ``''``.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1717 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1727 msgid "Assignment expressions" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1722 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1732 msgid "" "An assignment expression (sometimes also called a \"named expression\" or " "\"walrus\") assigns an :token:`~python-grammar:expression` to an :token:" @@ -1850,44 +1862,44 @@ msgid "" "`~python-grammar:expression`." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1727 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1737 msgid "One common use case is when handling matched regular expressions:" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1734 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1744 msgid "Or, when processing a file stream in chunks:" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1741 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1751 msgid "See :pep:`572` for more details about assignment expressions." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1748 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1758 msgid "Conditional expressions" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1760 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1770 msgid "" "Conditional expressions (sometimes called a \"ternary operator\") have the " "lowest priority of all Python operations." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1763 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1773 msgid "" "The expression ``x if C else y`` first evaluates the condition, *C* rather " "than *x*. If *C* is true, *x* is evaluated and its value is returned; " "otherwise, *y* is evaluated and its value is returned." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1767 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1777 msgid "See :pep:`308` for more details about conditional expressions." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1774 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1784 msgid "Lambdas" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1785 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1795 msgid "" "Lambda expressions (sometimes called lambda forms) are used to create " "anonymous functions. The expression ``lambda parameters: expression`` yields " @@ -1895,25 +1907,25 @@ msgid "" "defined with:" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1794 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1804 msgid "" "See section :ref:`function` for the syntax of parameter lists. Note that " "functions created with lambda expressions cannot contain statements or " "annotations." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1802 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1812 msgid "Expression lists" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1816 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1826 msgid "" "Except when part of a list or set display, an expression list containing at " "least one comma yields a tuple. The length of the tuple is the number of " "expressions in the list. The expressions are evaluated from left to right." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1825 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1835 msgid "" "An asterisk ``*`` denotes :dfn:`iterable unpacking`. Its operand must be " "an :term:`iterable`. The iterable is expanded into a sequence of items, " @@ -1921,12 +1933,12 @@ msgid "" "unpacking." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1830 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1840 msgid "" "Iterable unpacking in expression lists, originally proposed by :pep:`448`." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1835 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1845 msgid "" "The trailing comma is required only to create a single tuple (a.k.a. a " "*singleton*); it is optional in all other cases. A single expression " @@ -1935,28 +1947,28 @@ msgid "" "parentheses: ``()``.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1845 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1855 msgid "Evaluation order" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1849 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1859 msgid "" "Python evaluates expressions from left to right. Notice that while " "evaluating an assignment, the right-hand side is evaluated before the left-" "hand side." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1852 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1862 msgid "" "In the following lines, expressions will be evaluated in the arithmetic " "order of their suffixes::" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1866 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1876 msgid "Operator precedence" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1871 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1881 msgid "" "The following table summarizes the operator precedence in Python, from " "highest precedence (most binding) to lowest precedence (least binding). " @@ -1965,176 +1977,176 @@ msgid "" "left to right (except for exponentiation, which groups from right to left)." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1877 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1887 msgid "" "Note that comparisons, membership tests, and identity tests, all have the " "same precedence and have a left-to-right chaining feature as described in " "the :ref:`comparisons` section." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1883 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1893 msgid "Operator" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1883 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1893 msgid "Description" msgstr "描述" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1885 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1895 msgid "``(expressions...)``," msgstr "``(expressions...)``," -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1887 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1897 msgid "``[expressions...]``, ``{key: value...}``, ``{expressions...}``" msgstr "``[expressions...]``, ``{key: value...}``, ``{expressions...}``" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1885 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1895 msgid "" "Binding or parenthesized expression, list display, dictionary display, set " "display" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1891 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1901 msgid "``x[index]``, ``x[index:index]``, ``x(arguments...)``, ``x.attribute``" msgstr "``x[index]``, ``x[index:index]``, ``x(arguments...)``, ``x.attribute``" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1891 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1901 msgid "Subscription, slicing, call, attribute reference" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1894 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1904 msgid ":keyword:`await x `" msgstr ":keyword:`await x `" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1896 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1906 msgid "``**``" msgstr "``**``" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1896 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1906 msgid "Exponentiation [#]_" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1898 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1908 msgid "``+x``, ``-x``, ``~x``" msgstr "``+x``, ``-x``, ``~x``" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1898 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1908 msgid "Positive, negative, bitwise NOT" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1900 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1910 msgid "``*``, ``@``, ``/``, ``//``, ``%``" msgstr "``*``, ``@``, ``/``, ``//``, ``%``" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1900 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1910 msgid "" "Multiplication, matrix multiplication, division, floor division, remainder " "[#]_" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1904 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1914 msgid "``+``, ``-``" msgstr "``+``, ``-``" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1904 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1914 msgid "Addition and subtraction" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1906 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1916 msgid "``<<``, ``>>``" msgstr "``<<``, ``>>``" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1906 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1916 msgid "Shifts" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1908 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1918 msgid "``&``" msgstr "``&``" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1908 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1918 msgid "Bitwise AND" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1910 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1920 msgid "``^``" msgstr "``^``" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1910 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1920 msgid "Bitwise XOR" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1912 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1922 msgid "``|``" msgstr "``|``" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1912 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1922 msgid "Bitwise OR" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1914 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1924 msgid "" ":keyword:`in`, :keyword:`not in`, :keyword:`is`, :keyword:`is not`, ``<``, " "``<=``, ``>``, ``>=``, ``!=``, ``==``" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1914 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1924 msgid "Comparisons, including membership tests and identity tests" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1918 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1928 msgid ":keyword:`not x `" msgstr ":keyword:`not x `" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1918 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1928 msgid "Boolean NOT" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1920 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1930 msgid ":keyword:`and`" msgstr ":keyword:`and`" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1920 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1930 msgid "Boolean AND" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1922 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1932 msgid ":keyword:`or`" msgstr ":keyword:`or`" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1922 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1932 msgid "Boolean OR" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1924 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1934 msgid ":keyword:`if ` -- :keyword:`!else`" msgstr ":keyword:`if ` -- :keyword:`!else`" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1924 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1934 msgid "Conditional expression" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1926 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1936 msgid ":keyword:`lambda`" msgstr ":keyword:`lambda`" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1926 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1936 msgid "Lambda expression" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1928 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1938 msgid "``:=``" msgstr "``:=``" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1928 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1938 msgid "Assignment expression" msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1933 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1943 msgid "Footnotes" msgstr "註解" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1934 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1944 msgid "" "While ``abs(x%y) < abs(y)`` is true mathematically, for floats it may not be " "true numerically due to roundoff. For example, and assuming a platform on " @@ -2146,7 +2158,7 @@ msgid "" "approach is more appropriate depends on the application." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1943 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1953 msgid "" "If x is very close to an exact integer multiple of y, it's possible for ``x//" "y`` to be one larger than ``(x-x%y)//y`` due to rounding. In such cases, " @@ -2154,7 +2166,7 @@ msgid "" "* y + x % y`` be very close to ``x``." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1948 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1958 msgid "" "The Unicode standard distinguishes between :dfn:`code points` (e.g. U+0041) " "and :dfn:`abstract characters` (e.g. \"LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A\"). While most " @@ -2168,7 +2180,7 @@ msgid "" "(COMBINING CEDILLA)." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1959 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1969 msgid "" "The comparison operators on strings compare at the level of Unicode code " "points. This may be counter-intuitive to humans. For example, ``\"\\u00C7\" " @@ -2176,13 +2188,13 @@ msgid "" "same abstract character \"LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA\"." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1964 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1974 msgid "" "To compare strings at the level of abstract characters (that is, in a way " "intuitive to humans), use :func:`unicodedata.normalize`." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1967 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1977 msgid "" "Due to automatic garbage-collection, free lists, and the dynamic nature of " "descriptors, you may notice seemingly unusual behaviour in certain uses of " @@ -2190,13 +2202,13 @@ msgid "" "instance methods, or constants. Check their documentation for more info." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1972 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1982 msgid "" "The power operator ``**`` binds less tightly than an arithmetic or bitwise " "unary operator on its right, that is, ``2**-1`` is ``0.5``." msgstr "" -#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1975 +#: ../../reference/expressions.rst:1985 msgid "" "The ``%`` operator is also used for string formatting; the same precedence " "applies." diff --git a/tutorial/inputoutput.po b/tutorial/inputoutput.po index 5918038772..4fc5da01e6 100644 --- a/tutorial/inputoutput.po +++ b/tutorial/inputoutput.po @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Python 3.10\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2022-07-06 00:17+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2022-09-22 00:19+0000\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2022-06-27 09:44+0800\n" "Last-Translator: Steven Hsu \n" "Language-Team: Chinese - TAIWAN (https://github.com/python/python-docs-zh-" @@ -187,22 +187,32 @@ msgstr "" #: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:136 msgid "" -"For a reference on these format specifications, see the reference guide for " -"the :ref:`formatspec`." -msgstr "若要參考這些格式化字串的規格，詳見 :ref:`formatspec` 參考指南。" +"The ``=`` specifier can be used to expand an expression to the text of the " +"expression, an equal sign, then the representation of the evaluated " +"expression:" +msgstr "" + +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:145 +msgid "" +"See :ref:`self-documenting expressions ` for more " +"information on the ``=`` specifier. For a reference on these format " +"specifications, see the reference guide for the :ref:`formatspec`." +msgstr "" +"更多關於 ``=`` 說明符的資訊請見\\ :ref:`自文件性運算式 (self-documenting expressions) `。" +"若要參考這些格式化字串的規格，詳見 :ref:`formatspec` 參考指南。" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:142 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:152 msgid "The String format() Method" msgstr "字串的 format() method" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:144 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:154 msgid "Basic usage of the :meth:`str.format` method looks like this::" msgstr "" ":meth:`str.format` method 的基本用法如下：\n" "\n" "::" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:149 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:159 msgid "" "The brackets and characters within them (called format fields) are replaced " "with the objects passed into the :meth:`str.format` method. A number in the " @@ -215,7 +225,7 @@ msgstr "" "\n" "::" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:159 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:169 msgid "" "If keyword arguments are used in the :meth:`str.format` method, their values " "are referred to by using the name of the argument. ::" @@ -225,14 +235,14 @@ msgstr "" "\n" "::" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:166 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:176 msgid "Positional and keyword arguments can be arbitrarily combined::" msgstr "" "位置引數和關鍵字引數可以任意組合：\n" "\n" "::" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:172 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:182 msgid "" "If you have a really long format string that you don't want to split up, it " "would be nice if you could reference the variables to be formatted by name " @@ -245,7 +255,7 @@ msgstr "" "\n" "::" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:182 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:192 msgid "" "This could also be done by passing the ``table`` dictionary as keyword " "arguments with the ``**`` notation. ::" @@ -254,7 +264,7 @@ msgstr "" "\n" "::" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:189 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:199 msgid "" "This is particularly useful in combination with the built-in function :func:" "`vars`, which returns a dictionary containing all local variables." @@ -262,7 +272,7 @@ msgstr "" "與內建函式 :func:`vars` 組合使用時，這種方式特別實用。該函式可以回傳一個包含" "所有區域變數的 dictionary。" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:192 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:202 msgid "" "As an example, the following lines produce a tidily aligned set of columns " "giving integers and their squares and cubes::" @@ -271,7 +281,7 @@ msgstr "" "\n" "::" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:209 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:219 msgid "" "For a complete overview of string formatting with :meth:`str.format`, see :" "ref:`formatstrings`." @@ -279,18 +289,18 @@ msgstr "" "關於使用 :meth:`str.format` 進行字串格式化的完整概述，請見\\ :ref:" "`formatstrings`\\ 。" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:214 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:224 msgid "Manual String Formatting" msgstr "手動格式化字串" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:216 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:226 msgid "Here's the same table of squares and cubes, formatted manually::" msgstr "" "下面是以手動格式化完成的同一個平方及立方的表：\n" "\n" "::" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:234 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:244 msgid "" "(Note that the one space between each column was added by the way :func:" "`print` works: it always adds spaces between its arguments.)" @@ -298,7 +308,7 @@ msgstr "" "（請注意，使用 :func:`print` 讓每欄之間加入一個空格的方法：這種方法總是在其引" "數間加入空格。）" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:237 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:247 msgid "" "The :meth:`str.rjust` method of string objects right-justifies a string in a " "field of a given width by padding it with spaces on the left. There are " @@ -316,7 +326,7 @@ msgstr "" "況好，那種情況會讓值變得不正確。（如果你真的想截斷字串，可以加入像 ``x." "ljust(n)[:n]`` 這樣的切片運算。）" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:246 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:256 msgid "" "There is another method, :meth:`str.zfill`, which pads a numeric string on " "the left with zeros. It understands about plus and minus signs::" @@ -326,11 +336,11 @@ msgstr "" "\n" "::" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:258 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:268 msgid "Old string formatting" msgstr "格式化字串的舊方法" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:260 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:270 msgid "" "The % operator (modulo) can also be used for string formatting. Given " "``'string' % values``, instances of ``%`` in ``string`` are replaced with " @@ -343,16 +353,16 @@ msgstr "" "\n" "::" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:269 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:279 msgid "" "More information can be found in the :ref:`old-string-formatting` section." msgstr "更多資訊請見 :ref:`old-string-formatting`\\ 小節。" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:275 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:285 msgid "Reading and Writing Files" msgstr "讀寫檔案" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:281 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:291 msgid "" ":func:`open` returns a :term:`file object`, and is most commonly used with " "two positional arguments and one keyword argument: ``open(filename, mode, " @@ -361,7 +371,7 @@ msgstr "" ":func:`open` 回傳一個 :term:`file object`\\ ，而它最常使用的兩個位置引數和一" "個關鍵字引數是：\\ ``open(filename, mode, encoding=None)``" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:294 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:304 msgid "" "The first argument is a string containing the filename. The second argument " "is another string containing a few characters describing the way in which " @@ -379,7 +389,7 @@ msgstr "" "``'r+'`` 可以開啟檔案並進行讀取和寫入。\\ *mode* 引數是選擇性的，若省略時會預" "設為 ``'r'``。" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:303 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:313 msgid "" "Normally, files are opened in :dfn:`text mode`, that means, you read and " "write strings from and to the file, which are encoded in a specific " @@ -397,7 +407,7 @@ msgstr "" "`binary mode`\\ （二進制模式）開啟檔案，二進制模式資料以 :class:`bytes` 物件" "的形式被讀寫。以二進制模式開啟檔案時不可以指定 *encoding*\\ 。" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:313 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:323 msgid "" "In text mode, the default when reading is to convert platform-specific line " "endings (``\\n`` on Unix, ``\\r\\n`` on Windows) to just ``\\n``. When " @@ -413,7 +423,7 @@ msgstr "" "字檔案來說沒有問題，但會毀壞像是 :file:`JPEG` 或 :file:`EXE` 檔案中的二進制資" "料。在讀寫此類檔案時，注意一定要使用二進制模式。" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:321 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:331 msgid "" "It is good practice to use the :keyword:`with` keyword when dealing with " "file objects. The advantage is that the file is properly closed after its " @@ -427,7 +437,7 @@ msgstr "" "\n" "::" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:334 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:344 msgid "" "If you're not using the :keyword:`with` keyword, then you should call ``f." "close()`` to close the file and immediately free up any system resources " @@ -436,7 +446,7 @@ msgstr "" "如果你沒有使用 :keyword:`with` 關鍵字，則應呼叫 ``f.close()`` 關閉檔案，可以" "立即釋放被它所使用的系統資源。" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:339 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:349 msgid "" "Calling ``f.write()`` without using the :keyword:`!with` keyword or calling " "``f.close()`` **might** result in the arguments of ``f.write()`` not being " @@ -446,7 +456,7 @@ msgstr "" "即使程式成功退出，也\\ **可能**\\ 導致 ``f.write()`` 的引數沒有被完全寫入硬" "碟。" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:347 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:357 msgid "" "After a file object is closed, either by a :keyword:`with` statement or by " "calling ``f.close()``, attempts to use the file object will automatically " @@ -457,17 +467,17 @@ msgstr "" "\n" "::" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:361 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:371 msgid "Methods of File Objects" msgstr "檔案物件的 method" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:363 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:373 msgid "" "The rest of the examples in this section will assume that a file object " "called ``f`` has already been created." msgstr "本節其餘的範例皆假設一個名為 ``f`` 的檔案物件已被建立。" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:366 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:376 msgid "" "To read a file's contents, call ``f.read(size)``, which reads some quantity " "of data and returns it as a string (in text mode) or bytes object (in binary " @@ -487,7 +497,7 @@ msgstr "" "\n" "::" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:380 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:390 msgid "" "``f.readline()`` reads a single line from the file; a newline character (``" "\\n``) is left at the end of the string, and is only omitted on the last " @@ -503,7 +513,7 @@ msgstr "" "\n" "::" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:394 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:404 msgid "" "For reading lines from a file, you can loop over the file object. This is " "memory efficient, fast, and leads to simple code::" @@ -513,7 +523,7 @@ msgstr "" "\n" "::" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:403 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:413 msgid "" "If you want to read all the lines of a file in a list you can also use " "``list(f)`` or ``f.readlines()``." @@ -521,7 +531,7 @@ msgstr "" "如果你想把一個檔案的所有行讀進一個 list 裡，可以用 ``list(f)`` 或 ``f." "readlines()``。" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:406 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:416 msgid "" "``f.write(string)`` writes the contents of *string* to the file, returning " "the number of characters written. ::" @@ -530,7 +540,7 @@ msgstr "" "\n" "::" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:412 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:422 msgid "" "Other types of objects need to be converted -- either to a string (in text " "mode) or a bytes object (in binary mode) -- before writing them::" @@ -540,7 +550,7 @@ msgstr "" "\n" "::" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:420 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:430 msgid "" "``f.tell()`` returns an integer giving the file object's current position in " "the file represented as number of bytes from the beginning of the file when " @@ -549,7 +559,7 @@ msgstr "" "``f.tell()`` 回傳一個整數，它給出檔案物件在檔案中的當前位置，在二進制模式下表" "示為檔案開始至今的位元組數，在文字模式下表示為一個意義不明的數字。" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:424 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:434 msgid "" "To change the file object's position, use ``f.seek(offset, whence)``. The " "position is computed from adding *offset* to a reference point; the " @@ -566,7 +576,7 @@ msgstr "" "\n" "::" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:443 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:453 msgid "" "In text files (those opened without a ``b`` in the mode string), only seeks " "relative to the beginning of the file are allowed (the exception being " @@ -579,7 +589,7 @@ msgstr "" "的值，或是 0，才是有效的 *offset* 值。其他任何 *offset* 值都會產生未定義的行" "為。" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:449 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:459 msgid "" "File objects have some additional methods, such as :meth:`~file.isatty` and :" "meth:`~file.truncate` which are less frequently used; consult the Library " @@ -588,11 +598,11 @@ msgstr "" "檔案物件還有一些附加的 method，像是較不常使用的 :meth:`~file.isatty` 和 :" "meth:`~file.truncate`\\ ；檔案物件的完整指南詳見程式庫參考手冊。" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:457 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:467 msgid "Saving structured data with :mod:`json`" msgstr "使用 :mod:`json` 儲存結構化資料" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:461 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:471 msgid "" "Strings can easily be written to and read from a file. Numbers take a bit " "more effort, since the :meth:`read` method only returns strings, which will " @@ -606,7 +616,7 @@ msgstr "" "樣的字串，並回傳數值 123。當你想儲存像是巢狀 list 和 dictionary（字典）等複雜" "的資料類型時，手動剖析 (parsing) 和序列化 (serializing) 就變得複雜。" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:468 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:478 msgid "" "Rather than having users constantly writing and debugging code to save " "complicated data types to files, Python allows you to use the popular data " @@ -625,7 +635,7 @@ msgstr "" "料則稱為 :dfn:`deserializing`\\ （反序列化）。在序列化和反序列化之間，表示物" "件的字串可以被儲存在檔案或資料中，或通過網路連接發送到遠端的機器。" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:479 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:489 msgid "" "The JSON format is commonly used by modern applications to allow for data " "exchange. Many programmers are already familiar with it, which makes it a " @@ -634,7 +644,7 @@ msgstr "" "JSON 格式經常地使用於現代應用程式的資料交換。許多程序設計師早已對它耳熟能詳，" "使它成為提升互操作性 (interoperability) 的好選擇。" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:483 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:493 msgid "" "If you have an object ``x``, you can view its JSON string representation " "with a simple line of code::" @@ -643,7 +653,7 @@ msgstr "" "\n" "::" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:491 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:501 msgid "" "Another variant of the :func:`~json.dumps` function, called :func:`~json." "dump`, simply serializes the object to a :term:`text file`. So if ``f`` is " @@ -655,7 +665,7 @@ msgstr "" "\n" "::" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:497 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:507 msgid "" "To decode the object again, if ``f`` is a :term:`binary file` or :term:`text " "file` object which has been opened for reading::" @@ -665,7 +675,7 @@ msgstr "" "\n" "::" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:503 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:513 msgid "" "JSON files must be encoded in UTF-8. Use ``encoding=\"utf-8\"`` when opening " "JSON file as a :term:`text file` for both of reading and writing." @@ -673,7 +683,7 @@ msgstr "" "JSON 檔案必須以 UTF-8 格式編碼。在開啟 JSON 檔案以作為一個可讀取與寫入的 :" "term:`text file` 時，要用 ``encoding=\"utf-8\"``。" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:506 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:516 msgid "" "This simple serialization technique can handle lists and dictionaries, but " "serializing arbitrary class instances in JSON requires a bit of extra " @@ -684,11 +694,11 @@ msgstr "" "class（類別）實例，則需要一些額外的工作。\\ :mod:`json` 模組的參考資料包含對" "此的說明。" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:512 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:522 msgid ":mod:`pickle` - the pickle module" msgstr ":mod:`pickle` - pickle 模組" -#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:514 +#: ../../tutorial/inputoutput.rst:524 msgid "" "Contrary to :ref:`JSON `, *pickle* is a protocol which allows the " "serialization of arbitrarily complex Python objects. As such, it is " diff --git a/whatsnew/3.10.po b/whatsnew/3.10.po index fa062a206f..f450efe8d2 100644 --- a/whatsnew/3.10.po +++ b/whatsnew/3.10.po @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Python 3.10\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2022-09-03 00:15+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2022-09-21 00:21+0000\n" "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" "Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" "Language-Team: Chinese - TAIWAN (https://github.com/python/python-docs-zh-" @@ -3119,3 +3119,16 @@ msgid "" "` documentation. The default limit is 4300 digits in " "string form." msgstr "" + +#: ../../whatsnew/3.10.rst:2342 +msgid "Notable security feature in 3.10.8" +msgstr "" + +#: ../../whatsnew/3.10.rst:2344 +msgid "" +"The deprecated :mod:`mailcap` module now refuses to inject unsafe text " +"(filenames, MIME types, parameters) into shell commands. Instead of using " +"such text, it will warn and act as if a match was not found (or for test " +"commands, as if the test failed). (Contributed by Petr Viktorin in :gh:" +"`98966`.)" +msgstr "" diff --git a/whatsnew/3.8.po b/whatsnew/3.8.po index e623508aea..380140c9c0 100644 --- a/whatsnew/3.8.po +++ b/whatsnew/3.8.po @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Python 3.10\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2022-06-07 00:13+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2022-09-22 00:19+0000\n" "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" "Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" "Language-Team: Chinese - TAIWAN (https://github.com/python/python-docs-zh-" @@ -256,38 +256,38 @@ msgid "" "`36721`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:255 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:256 msgid "f-strings support ``=`` for self-documenting expressions and debugging" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:257 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:258 msgid "" "Added an ``=`` specifier to :term:`f-string`\\s. An f-string such as " "``f'{expr=}'`` will expand to the text of the expression, an equal sign, " "then the representation of the evaluated expression. For example:" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:266 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:267 msgid "" "The usual :ref:`f-string format specifiers ` allow more control " "over how the result of the expression is displayed::" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:273 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:274 msgid "" "The ``=`` specifier will display the whole expression so that calculations " "can be shown::" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:279 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:280 msgid "(Contributed by Eric V. Smith and Larry Hastings in :issue:`36817`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:283 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:284 msgid "PEP 578: Python Runtime Audit Hooks" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:285 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:286 msgid "" "The PEP adds an Audit Hook and Verified Open Hook. Both are available from " "Python and native code, allowing applications and frameworks written in pure " @@ -296,150 +296,150 @@ msgid "" "is always enabled." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:291 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:292 msgid "See :pep:`578` for full details." msgstr "完整細節請見 :pep:`578`\\ 。" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:295 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:296 msgid "PEP 587: Python Initialization Configuration" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:297 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:298 msgid "" "The :pep:`587` adds a new C API to configure the Python Initialization " "providing finer control on the whole configuration and better error " "reporting." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:300 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:301 msgid "New structures:" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:302 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:303 msgid ":c:type:`PyConfig`" msgstr ":c:type:`PyConfig`" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:303 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:304 msgid ":c:type:`PyPreConfig`" msgstr ":c:type:`PyPreConfig`" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:304 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:305 msgid ":c:type:`PyStatus`" msgstr ":c:type:`PyStatus`" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:305 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:306 msgid ":c:type:`PyWideStringList`" msgstr ":c:type:`PyWideStringList`" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:307 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:308 msgid "New functions:" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:309 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:310 msgid ":c:func:`PyConfig_Clear`" msgstr ":c:func:`PyConfig_Clear`" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:310 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:311 msgid ":c:func:`PyConfig_InitIsolatedConfig`" msgstr ":c:func:`PyConfig_InitIsolatedConfig`" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:311 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:312 msgid ":c:func:`PyConfig_InitPythonConfig`" msgstr ":c:func:`PyConfig_InitPythonConfig`" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:312 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:313 msgid ":c:func:`PyConfig_Read`" msgstr ":c:func:`PyConfig_Read`" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:313 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:314 msgid ":c:func:`PyConfig_SetArgv`" msgstr ":c:func:`PyConfig_SetArgv`" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:314 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:315 msgid ":c:func:`PyConfig_SetBytesArgv`" msgstr ":c:func:`PyConfig_SetBytesArgv`" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:315 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:316 msgid ":c:func:`PyConfig_SetBytesString`" msgstr ":c:func:`PyConfig_SetBytesString`" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:316 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:317 msgid ":c:func:`PyConfig_SetString`" msgstr ":c:func:`PyConfig_SetString`" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:317 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:318 msgid ":c:func:`PyPreConfig_InitIsolatedConfig`" msgstr ":c:func:`PyPreConfig_InitIsolatedConfig`" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:318 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:319 msgid ":c:func:`PyPreConfig_InitPythonConfig`" msgstr ":c:func:`PyPreConfig_InitPythonConfig`" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:319 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:320 msgid ":c:func:`PyStatus_Error`" msgstr ":c:func:`PyStatus_Error`" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:320 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:321 msgid ":c:func:`PyStatus_Exception`" msgstr ":c:func:`PyStatus_Exception`" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:321 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:322 msgid ":c:func:`PyStatus_Exit`" msgstr ":c:func:`PyStatus_Exit`" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:322 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:323 msgid ":c:func:`PyStatus_IsError`" msgstr ":c:func:`PyStatus_IsError`" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:323 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:324 msgid ":c:func:`PyStatus_IsExit`" msgstr ":c:func:`PyStatus_IsExit`" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:324 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:325 msgid ":c:func:`PyStatus_NoMemory`" msgstr ":c:func:`PyStatus_NoMemory`" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:325 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:326 msgid ":c:func:`PyStatus_Ok`" msgstr ":c:func:`PyStatus_Ok`" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:326 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:327 msgid ":c:func:`PyWideStringList_Append`" msgstr ":c:func:`PyWideStringList_Append`" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:327 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:328 msgid ":c:func:`PyWideStringList_Insert`" msgstr ":c:func:`PyWideStringList_Insert`" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:328 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:329 msgid ":c:func:`Py_BytesMain`" msgstr ":c:func:`Py_BytesMain`" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:329 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:330 msgid ":c:func:`Py_ExitStatusException`" msgstr ":c:func:`Py_ExitStatusException`" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:330 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:331 msgid ":c:func:`Py_InitializeFromConfig`" msgstr ":c:func:`Py_InitializeFromConfig`" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:331 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:332 msgid ":c:func:`Py_PreInitialize`" msgstr ":c:func:`Py_PreInitialize`" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:332 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:333 msgid ":c:func:`Py_PreInitializeFromArgs`" msgstr ":c:func:`Py_PreInitializeFromArgs`" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:333 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:334 msgid ":c:func:`Py_PreInitializeFromBytesArgs`" msgstr ":c:func:`Py_PreInitializeFromBytesArgs`" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:334 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:335 msgid ":c:func:`Py_RunMain`" msgstr ":c:func:`Py_RunMain`" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:336 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:337 msgid "" "This PEP also adds ``_PyRuntimeState.preconfig`` (:c:type:`PyPreConfig` " "type) and ``PyInterpreterState.config`` (:c:type:`PyConfig` type) fields to " @@ -448,52 +448,52 @@ msgid "" "private variables." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:342 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:343 msgid "" "See :ref:`Python Initialization Configuration ` for the " "documentation." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:345 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:346 msgid "See :pep:`587` for a full description." msgstr "完整敘述請見 :pep:`587`\\ 。" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:347 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:348 msgid "(Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`36763`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:351 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:352 msgid "PEP 590: Vectorcall: a fast calling protocol for CPython" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:353 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:354 msgid "" ":ref:`vectorcall` is added to the Python/C API. It is meant to formalize " "existing optimizations which were already done for various classes. Any :ref:" "`static type ` implementing a callable can use this protocol." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:359 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:360 msgid "" "This is currently provisional. The aim is to make it fully public in Python " "3.9." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:362 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:363 msgid "See :pep:`590` for a full description." msgstr "完整敘述請見 :pep:`590`\\ 。" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:364 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:365 msgid "" "(Contributed by Jeroen Demeyer, Mark Shannon and Petr Viktorin in :issue:" "`36974`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:368 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:369 msgid "Pickle protocol 5 with out-of-band data buffers" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:370 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:371 msgid "" "When :mod:`pickle` is used to transfer large data between Python processes " "in order to take advantage of multi-core or multi-machine processing, it is " @@ -501,33 +501,33 @@ msgid "" "by applying custom techniques such as data-dependent compression." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:375 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:376 msgid "" "The :mod:`pickle` protocol 5 introduces support for out-of-band buffers " "where :pep:`3118`-compatible data can be transmitted separately from the " "main pickle stream, at the discretion of the communication layer." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:379 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:380 msgid "See :pep:`574` for a full description." msgstr "完整敘述請見 :pep:`574`\\ 。" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:381 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:382 msgid "(Contributed by Antoine Pitrou in :issue:`36785`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:385 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:386 msgid "Other Language Changes" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:387 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:388 msgid "" "A :keyword:`continue` statement was illegal in the :keyword:`finally` clause " "due to a problem with the implementation. In Python 3.8 this restriction " "was lifted. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`32489`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:392 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:393 msgid "" "The :class:`bool`, :class:`int`, and :class:`fractions.Fraction` types now " "have an :meth:`~int.as_integer_ratio` method like that found in :class:" @@ -537,7 +537,7 @@ msgid "" "`33073` and Raymond Hettinger in :issue:`37819`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:400 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:401 msgid "" "Constructors of :class:`int`, :class:`float` and :class:`complex` will now " "use the :meth:`~object.__index__` special method, if available and the " @@ -546,23 +546,23 @@ msgid "" "Storchaka in :issue:`20092`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:406 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:407 msgid "" "Added support of ``\\N{name}`` escapes in :mod:`regular expressions `::" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:413 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:414 msgid "" "(Contributed by Jonathan Eunice and Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`30688`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:415 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:416 msgid "" "Dict and dictviews are now iterable in reversed insertion order using :func:" "`reversed`. (Contributed by Rémi Lapeyre in :issue:`33462`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:418 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:419 msgid "" "The syntax allowed for keyword names in function calls was further " "restricted. In particular, ``f((keyword)=arg)`` is no longer allowed. It was " @@ -571,18 +571,18 @@ msgid "" "issue:`34641`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:424 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:425 msgid "" "Generalized iterable unpacking in :keyword:`yield` and :keyword:`return` " "statements no longer requires enclosing parentheses. This brings the *yield* " "and *return* syntax into better agreement with normal assignment syntax::" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:436 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:437 msgid "(Contributed by David Cuthbert and Jordan Chapman in :issue:`32117`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:438 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:439 msgid "" "When a comma is missed in code such as ``[(10, 20) (30, 40)]``, the compiler " "displays a :exc:`SyntaxWarning` with a helpful suggestion. This improves on " @@ -590,7 +590,7 @@ msgid "" "callable. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`15248`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:444 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:445 msgid "" "Arithmetic operations between subclasses of :class:`datetime.date` or :class:" "`datetime.datetime` and :class:`datetime.timedelta` objects now return an " @@ -600,7 +600,7 @@ msgid "" "datetime.astimezone`. (Contributed by Paul Ganssle in :issue:`32417`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:452 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:453 msgid "" "When the Python interpreter is interrupted by Ctrl-C (SIGINT) and the " "resulting :exc:`KeyboardInterrupt` exception is not caught, the Python " @@ -610,7 +610,7 @@ msgid "" "sessions. (Contributed by Google via Gregory P. Smith in :issue:`1054041`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:459 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:460 msgid "" "Some advanced styles of programming require updating the :class:`types." "CodeType` object for an existing function. Since code objects are " @@ -620,17 +620,17 @@ msgid "" "altered parameters." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:466 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:467 msgid "" "Here's an example that alters the :func:`statistics.mean` function to " "prevent the *data* parameter from being used as a keyword argument::" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:478 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:479 msgid "(Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`37032`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:480 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:481 msgid "" "For integers, the three-argument form of the :func:`pow` function now " "permits the exponent to be negative in the case where the base is relatively " @@ -641,7 +641,7 @@ msgid "" "38 modulo 137, write::" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:494 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:495 msgid "" "Modular inverses arise in the solution of `linear Diophantine equations " "`_. For example, to find " @@ -649,28 +649,28 @@ msgid "" "(mod 147)`` then solve:" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:504 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:505 msgid "(Contributed by Mark Dickinson in :issue:`36027`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:506 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:507 msgid "" "Dict comprehensions have been synced-up with dict literals so that the key " "is computed first and the value second::" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:521 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:522 msgid "" "The guaranteed execution order is helpful with assignment expressions " "because variables assigned in the key expression will be available in the " "value expression::" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:531 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:532 msgid "(Contributed by Jörn Heissler in :issue:`35224`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:533 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:534 msgid "" "The :meth:`object.__reduce__` method can now return a tuple from two to six " "elements long. Formerly, five was the limit. The new, optional sixth " @@ -681,102 +681,102 @@ msgid "" "issue:`35900`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:542 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:543 msgid "New Modules" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:544 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:545 msgid "" "The new :mod:`importlib.metadata` module provides (provisional) support for " "reading metadata from third-party packages. For example, it can extract an " "installed package's version number, list of entry points, and more::" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:563 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:564 msgid "(Contributed by Barry Warsaw and Jason R. Coombs in :issue:`34632`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:567 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:568 msgid "Improved Modules" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:570 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:571 msgid "ast" msgstr "ast" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:572 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:573 msgid "" "AST nodes now have ``end_lineno`` and ``end_col_offset`` attributes, which " "give the precise location of the end of the node. (This only applies to " "nodes that have ``lineno`` and ``col_offset`` attributes.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:576 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:577 msgid "" "New function :func:`ast.get_source_segment` returns the source code for a " "specific AST node." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:579 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:580 msgid "(Contributed by Ivan Levkivskyi in :issue:`33416`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:581 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:582 msgid "The :func:`ast.parse` function has some new flags:" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:583 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:584 msgid "" "``type_comments=True`` causes it to return the text of :pep:`484` and :pep:" "`526` type comments associated with certain AST nodes;" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:586 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:587 msgid "" "``mode='func_type'`` can be used to parse :pep:`484` \"signature type " "comments\" (returned for function definition AST nodes);" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:589 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:590 msgid "" "``feature_version=(3, N)`` allows specifying an earlier Python 3 version. " "For example, ``feature_version=(3, 4)`` will treat :keyword:`async` and :" "keyword:`await` as non-reserved words." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:593 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:594 msgid "(Contributed by Guido van Rossum in :issue:`35766`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:597 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:598 msgid "asyncio" msgstr "asyncio" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:599 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:600 msgid "" ":func:`asyncio.run` has graduated from the provisional to stable API. This " "function can be used to execute a :term:`coroutine` and return the result " "while automatically managing the event loop. For example::" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:611 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:612 msgid "This is *roughly* equivalent to::" msgstr "" "這\\ *大致*\\ 等價於：\n" "\n" "::" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:628 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:629 msgid "" "The actual implementation is significantly more complex. Thus, :func:" "`asyncio.run` should be the preferred way of running asyncio programs." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:631 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:632 msgid "(Contributed by Yury Selivanov in :issue:`32314`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:633 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:634 msgid "" "Running ``python -m asyncio`` launches a natively async REPL. This allows " "rapid experimentation with code that has a top-level :keyword:`await`. " @@ -784,11 +784,11 @@ msgid "" "spawn a new event loop on every invocation:" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:648 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:649 msgid "(Contributed by Yury Selivanov in :issue:`37028`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:650 ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1966 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:651 ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1967 msgid "" "The exception :class:`asyncio.CancelledError` now inherits from :class:" "`BaseException` rather than :class:`Exception` and no longer inherits from :" @@ -796,32 +796,32 @@ msgid "" "in :issue:`32528`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:655 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:656 msgid "" "On Windows, the default event loop is now :class:`~asyncio." "ProactorEventLoop`. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`34687`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:658 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:659 msgid "" ":class:`~asyncio.ProactorEventLoop` now also supports UDP. (Contributed by " "Adam Meily and Andrew Svetlov in :issue:`29883`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:661 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:662 msgid "" ":class:`~asyncio.ProactorEventLoop` can now be interrupted by :exc:" "`KeyboardInterrupt` (\"CTRL+C\"). (Contributed by Vladimir Matveev in :issue:" "`23057`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:665 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:666 msgid "" "Added :meth:`asyncio.Task.get_coro` for getting the wrapped coroutine within " "an :class:`asyncio.Task`. (Contributed by Alex Grönholm in :issue:`36999`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:669 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:670 msgid "" "Asyncio tasks can now be named, either by passing the ``name`` keyword " "argument to :func:`asyncio.create_task` or the :meth:`~asyncio.loop." @@ -832,7 +832,7 @@ msgid "" "issue:`34270`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:677 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:678 msgid "" "Added support for `Happy Eyeballs `_ to :func:`asyncio.loop.create_connection`. To specify the " @@ -842,11 +842,11 @@ msgid "" "connect using both. (Contributed by twisteroid ambassador in :issue:`33530`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:687 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:688 msgid "builtins" msgstr "builtins" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:689 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:690 msgid "" "The :func:`compile` built-in has been improved to accept the ``ast." "PyCF_ALLOW_TOP_LEVEL_AWAIT`` flag. With this new flag passed, :func:" @@ -856,11 +856,11 @@ msgid "" "(Contributed by Matthias Bussonnier in :issue:`34616`)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:698 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:699 msgid "collections" msgstr "collections" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:700 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:701 msgid "" "The :meth:`~collections.somenamedtuple._asdict` method for :func:" "`collections.namedtuple` now returns a :class:`dict` instead of a :class:" @@ -871,25 +871,25 @@ msgid "" "issue:`35864`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:710 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:711 msgid "cProfile" msgstr "cProfile" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:712 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:713 msgid "" "The :class:`cProfile.Profile ` class can now be used as a " "context manager. Profile a block of code by running::" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:721 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:722 msgid "(Contributed by Scott Sanderson in :issue:`29235`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:725 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:726 msgid "csv" msgstr "csv" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:727 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:728 msgid "" "The :class:`csv.DictReader` now returns instances of :class:`dict` instead " "of a :class:`collections.OrderedDict`. The tool is now faster and uses less " @@ -897,22 +897,22 @@ msgid "" "in :issue:`34003`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:734 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:735 msgid "curses" msgstr "curses" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:736 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:737 msgid "" "Added a new variable holding structured version information for the " "underlying ncurses library: :data:`~curses.ncurses_version`. (Contributed by " "Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`31680`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:742 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:743 msgid "ctypes" msgstr "ctypes" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:744 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:745 msgid "" "On Windows, :class:`~ctypes.CDLL` and subclasses now accept a *winmode* " "parameter to specify flags for the underlying ``LoadLibraryEx`` call. The " @@ -922,11 +922,11 @@ msgid "" "add_dll_directory`. (Contributed by Steve Dower in :issue:`36085`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:753 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:754 msgid "datetime" msgstr "datetime" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:755 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:756 msgid "" "Added new alternate constructors :meth:`datetime.date.fromisocalendar` and :" "meth:`datetime.datetime.fromisocalendar`, which construct :class:`date` and :" @@ -935,85 +935,85 @@ msgid "" "(Contributed by Paul Ganssle in :issue:`36004`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:763 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:764 msgid "functools" msgstr "functools" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:765 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:766 msgid "" ":func:`functools.lru_cache` can now be used as a straight decorator rather " "than as a function returning a decorator. So both of these are now " "supported::" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:776 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:777 msgid "(Contributed by Raymond Hettinger in :issue:`36772`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:778 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:779 msgid "" "Added a new :func:`functools.cached_property` decorator, for computed " "properties cached for the life of the instance. ::" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:792 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:793 msgid "(Contributed by Carl Meyer in :issue:`21145`)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:795 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:796 msgid "" "Added a new :func:`functools.singledispatchmethod` decorator that converts " "methods into :term:`generic functions ` using :term:" "`single dispatch`::" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:817 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:818 msgid "(Contributed by Ethan Smith in :issue:`32380`)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:820 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:821 msgid "gc" msgstr "gc" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:822 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:823 msgid "" ":func:`~gc.get_objects` can now receive an optional *generation* parameter " "indicating a generation to get objects from. (Contributed by Pablo Galindo " "in :issue:`36016`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:828 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:829 msgid "gettext" msgstr "gettext" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:830 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:831 msgid "" "Added :func:`~gettext.pgettext` and its variants. (Contributed by Franz " "Glasner, Éric Araujo, and Cheryl Sabella in :issue:`2504`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:835 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:836 msgid "gzip" msgstr "gzip" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:837 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:838 msgid "" "Added the *mtime* parameter to :func:`gzip.compress` for reproducible " "output. (Contributed by Guo Ci Teo in :issue:`34898`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:840 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:841 msgid "" "A :exc:`~gzip.BadGzipFile` exception is now raised instead of :exc:`OSError` " "for certain types of invalid or corrupt gzip files. (Contributed by Filip " "Gruszczyński, Michele Orrù, and Zackery Spytz in :issue:`6584`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:847 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:848 msgid "IDLE and idlelib" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:849 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:850 msgid "" "Output over N lines (50 by default) is squeezed down to a button. N can be " "changed in the PyShell section of the General page of the Settings dialog. " @@ -1023,7 +1023,7 @@ msgid "" "button. (Contributed by Tal Einat in :issue:`1529353`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:856 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:857 msgid "" "Add \"Run Customized\" to the Run menu to run a module with customized " "settings. Any command line arguments entered are added to sys.argv. They " @@ -1032,7 +1032,7 @@ msgid "" "Sabella, Terry Jan Reedy, and others in :issue:`5680` and :issue:`37627`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:862 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:863 msgid "" "Added optional line numbers for IDLE editor windows. Windows open without " "line numbers unless set otherwise in the General tab of the configuration " @@ -1041,7 +1041,7 @@ msgid "" "`17535`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:868 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:869 msgid "" "OS native encoding is now used for converting between Python strings and Tcl " "objects. This allows IDLE to work with emoji and other non-BMP characters. " @@ -1051,37 +1051,37 @@ msgid "" "solved by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`13153`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:875 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:876 msgid "New in 3.8.1:" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:877 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:878 msgid "" "Add option to toggle cursor blink off. (Contributed by Zackery Spytz in :" "issue:`4603`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:880 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:881 msgid "" "Escape key now closes IDLE completion windows. (Contributed by Johnny " "Najera in :issue:`38944`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:883 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:884 msgid "The changes above have been backported to 3.7 maintenance releases." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:885 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:886 msgid "" "Add keywords to module name completion list. (Contributed by Terry J. Reedy " "in :issue:`37765`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:889 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:890 msgid "inspect" msgstr "inspect" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:891 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:892 msgid "" "The :func:`inspect.getdoc` function can now find docstrings for " "``__slots__`` if that attribute is a :class:`dict` where the values are " @@ -1089,15 +1089,15 @@ msgid "" "have for :func:`property`, :func:`classmethod`, and :func:`staticmethod`::" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:903 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:904 msgid "(Contributed by Raymond Hettinger in :issue:`36326`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:907 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:908 msgid "io" msgstr "io" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:909 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:910 msgid "" "In development mode (:option:`-X` ``env``) and in :ref:`debug build `, the :class:`io.IOBase` finalizer now logs the exception if the " @@ -1105,35 +1105,35 @@ msgid "" "release build. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`18748`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:916 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:917 msgid "itertools" msgstr "itertools" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:918 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:919 msgid "" "The :func:`itertools.accumulate` function added an option *initial* keyword " "argument to specify an initial value::" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:925 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:926 msgid "(Contributed by Lisa Roach in :issue:`34659`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:929 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:930 msgid "json.tool" msgstr "json.tool" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:931 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:932 msgid "" "Add option ``--json-lines`` to parse every input line as a separate JSON " "object. (Contributed by Weipeng Hong in :issue:`31553`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:936 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:937 msgid "logging" msgstr "logging" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:938 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:939 msgid "" "Added a *force* keyword argument to :func:`logging.basicConfig()` When set " "to true, any existing handlers attached to the root logger are removed and " @@ -1141,7 +1141,7 @@ msgid "" "arguments." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:943 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:944 msgid "" "This solves a long-standing problem. Once a logger or *basicConfig()* had " "been called, subsequent calls to *basicConfig()* were silently ignored. This " @@ -1149,53 +1149,53 @@ msgid "" "configuration options using the interactive prompt or a Jupyter notebook." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:949 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:950 msgid "" "(Suggested by Raymond Hettinger, implemented by Dong-hee Na, and reviewed by " "Vinay Sajip in :issue:`33897`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:954 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:955 msgid "math" msgstr "math" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:956 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:957 msgid "" "Added new function :func:`math.dist` for computing Euclidean distance " "between two points. (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger in :issue:`33089`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:959 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:960 msgid "" "Expanded the :func:`math.hypot` function to handle multiple dimensions. " "Formerly, it only supported the 2-D case. (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger " "in :issue:`33089`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:963 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:964 msgid "" "Added new function, :func:`math.prod`, as analogous function to :func:`sum` " "that returns the product of a 'start' value (default: 1) times an iterable " "of numbers::" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:972 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:973 msgid "(Contributed by Pablo Galindo in :issue:`35606`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:974 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:975 msgid "" "Added two new combinatoric functions :func:`math.perm` and :func:`math." "comb`::" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:981 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:982 msgid "" "(Contributed by Yash Aggarwal, Keller Fuchs, Serhiy Storchaka, and Raymond " "Hettinger in :issue:`37128`, :issue:`37178`, and :issue:`35431`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:984 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:985 msgid "" "Added a new function :func:`math.isqrt` for computing accurate integer " "square roots without conversion to floating point. The new function " @@ -1203,48 +1203,48 @@ msgid "" "but slower than :func:`math.sqrt`::" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:996 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:997 msgid "(Contributed by Mark Dickinson in :issue:`36887`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:998 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:999 msgid "" "The function :func:`math.factorial` no longer accepts arguments that are not " "int-like. (Contributed by Pablo Galindo in :issue:`33083`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1003 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1004 msgid "mmap" msgstr "mmap" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1005 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1006 msgid "" "The :class:`mmap.mmap` class now has an :meth:`~mmap.mmap.madvise` method to " "access the ``madvise()`` system call. (Contributed by Zackery Spytz in :" "issue:`32941`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1011 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1012 msgid "multiprocessing" msgstr "multiprocessing" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1013 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1014 msgid "" "Added new :mod:`multiprocessing.shared_memory` module. (Contributed by Davin " "Potts in :issue:`35813`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1016 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1017 msgid "" "On macOS, the *spawn* start method is now used by default. (Contributed by " "Victor Stinner in :issue:`33725`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1021 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1022 msgid "os" msgstr "os" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1023 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1024 msgid "" "Added new function :func:`~os.add_dll_directory` on Windows for providing " "additional search paths for native dependencies when importing extension " @@ -1252,14 +1252,14 @@ msgid "" "issue:`36085`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1028 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1029 msgid "" "A new :func:`os.memfd_create` function was added to wrap the " "``memfd_create()`` syscall. (Contributed by Zackery Spytz and Christian " "Heimes in :issue:`26836`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1032 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1033 msgid "" "On Windows, much of the manual logic for handling reparse points (including " "symlinks and directory junctions) has been delegated to the operating " @@ -1272,7 +1272,7 @@ msgid "" "st_reparse_tag` attribute." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1041 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1042 msgid "" "On Windows, :func:`os.readlink` is now able to read directory junctions. " "Note that :func:`~os.path.islink` will return ``False`` for directory " @@ -1281,15 +1281,15 @@ msgid "" "readlink` may now treat junctions as links." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1047 ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1072 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1048 ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1073 msgid "(Contributed by Steve Dower in :issue:`37834`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1051 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1052 msgid "os.path" msgstr "os.path" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1053 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1054 msgid "" ":mod:`os.path` functions that return a boolean result like :func:`~os.path." "exists`, :func:`~os.path.lexists`, :func:`~os.path.isdir`, :func:`~os.path." @@ -1300,7 +1300,7 @@ msgid "" "Storchaka in :issue:`33721`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1061 ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1961 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1062 ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1962 msgid "" ":func:`~os.path.expanduser` on Windows now prefers the :envvar:`USERPROFILE` " "environment variable and does not use :envvar:`HOME`, which is not normally " @@ -1308,23 +1308,23 @@ msgid "" "`36264`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1066 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1067 msgid "" ":func:`~os.path.isdir` on Windows no longer returns ``True`` for a link to a " "non-existent directory." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1069 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1070 msgid "" ":func:`~os.path.realpath` on Windows now resolves reparse points, including " "symlinks and directory junctions." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1076 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1077 msgid "pathlib" msgstr "pathlib" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1078 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1079 msgid "" ":mod:`pathlib.Path` methods that return a boolean result like :meth:" "`~pathlib.Path.exists()`, :meth:`~pathlib.Path.is_dir()`, :meth:`~pathlib." @@ -1337,17 +1337,17 @@ msgid "" "`33721`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1088 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1089 msgid "" "Added :meth:`pathlib.Path.link_to()` which creates a hard link pointing to a " "path. (Contributed by Joannah Nanjekye in :issue:`26978`)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1094 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1095 msgid "pickle" msgstr "pickle" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1096 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1097 msgid "" ":mod:`pickle` extensions subclassing the C-optimized :class:`~pickle." "Pickler` can now override the pickling logic of functions and classes by " @@ -1355,22 +1355,22 @@ msgid "" "(Contributed by Pierre Glaser and Olivier Grisel in :issue:`35900`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1103 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1104 msgid "plistlib" msgstr "plistlib" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1105 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1106 msgid "" "Added new :class:`plistlib.UID` and enabled support for reading and writing " "NSKeyedArchiver-encoded binary plists. (Contributed by Jon Janzen in :issue:" "`26707`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1111 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1112 msgid "pprint" msgstr "pprint" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1113 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1114 msgid "" "The :mod:`pprint` module added a *sort_dicts* parameter to several " "functions. By default, those functions continue to sort dictionaries before " @@ -1379,47 +1379,47 @@ msgid "" "for comparison to JSON inputs during debugging." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1119 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1120 msgid "" "In addition, there is a convenience new function, :func:`pprint.pp` that is " "like :func:`pprint.pprint` but with *sort_dicts* defaulting to ``False``::" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1133 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1134 msgid "(Contributed by Rémi Lapeyre in :issue:`30670`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1137 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1138 msgid "py_compile" msgstr "py_compile" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1139 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1140 msgid "" ":func:`py_compile.compile` now supports silent mode. (Contributed by Joannah " "Nanjekye in :issue:`22640`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1144 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1145 msgid "shlex" msgstr "shlex" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1146 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1147 msgid "" "The new :func:`shlex.join` function acts as the inverse of :func:`shlex." "split`. (Contributed by Bo Bayles in :issue:`32102`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1151 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1152 msgid "shutil" msgstr "shutil" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1153 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1154 msgid "" ":func:`shutil.copytree` now accepts a new ``dirs_exist_ok`` keyword " "argument. (Contributed by Josh Bronson in :issue:`20849`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1156 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1157 msgid "" ":func:`shutil.make_archive` now defaults to the modern pax (POSIX.1-2001) " "format for new archives to improve portability and standards conformance, " @@ -1427,18 +1427,18 @@ msgid "" "(Contributed by C.A.M. Gerlach in :issue:`30661`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1161 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1162 msgid "" ":func:`shutil.rmtree` on Windows now removes directory junctions without " "recursively removing their contents first. (Contributed by Steve Dower in :" "issue:`37834`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1167 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1168 msgid "socket" msgstr "socket" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1169 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1170 msgid "" "Added :meth:`~socket.create_server()` and :meth:`~socket." "has_dualstack_ipv6()` convenience functions to automate the necessary tasks " @@ -1447,66 +1447,66 @@ msgid "" "Rodolà in :issue:`17561`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1174 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1175 msgid "" "The :func:`socket.if_nameindex()`, :func:`socket.if_nametoindex()`, and :" "func:`socket.if_indextoname()` functions have been implemented on Windows. " "(Contributed by Zackery Spytz in :issue:`37007`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1180 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1181 msgid "ssl" msgstr "ssl" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1182 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1183 msgid "" "Added :attr:`~ssl.SSLContext.post_handshake_auth` to enable and :meth:`~ssl." "SSLSocket.verify_client_post_handshake` to initiate TLS 1.3 post-handshake " "authentication. (Contributed by Christian Heimes in :issue:`34670`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1189 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1190 msgid "statistics" msgstr "statistics" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1191 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1192 msgid "" "Added :func:`statistics.fmean` as a faster, floating point variant of :func:" "`statistics.mean()`. (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger and Steven D'Aprano " "in :issue:`35904`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1195 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1196 msgid "" "Added :func:`statistics.geometric_mean()` (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger " "in :issue:`27181`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1198 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1199 msgid "" "Added :func:`statistics.multimode` that returns a list of the most common " "values. (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger in :issue:`35892`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1201 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1202 msgid "" "Added :func:`statistics.quantiles` that divides data or a distribution in to " "equiprobable intervals (e.g. quartiles, deciles, or percentiles). " "(Contributed by Raymond Hettinger in :issue:`36546`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1205 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1206 msgid "" "Added :class:`statistics.NormalDist`, a tool for creating and manipulating " "normal distributions of a random variable. (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger " "in :issue:`36018`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1235 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1236 msgid "sys" msgstr "sys" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1237 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1238 msgid "" "Add new :func:`sys.unraisablehook` function which can be overridden to " "control how \"unraisable exceptions\" are handled. It is called when an " @@ -1515,11 +1515,11 @@ msgid "" "(:func:`gc.collect`). (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`36829`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1246 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1247 msgid "tarfile" msgstr "tarfile" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1248 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1249 msgid "" "The :mod:`tarfile` module now defaults to the modern pax (POSIX.1-2001) " "format for new archives, instead of the previous GNU-specific one. This " @@ -1528,11 +1528,11 @@ msgid "" "(Contributed by C.A.M. Gerlach in :issue:`36268`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1256 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1257 msgid "threading" msgstr "threading" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1258 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1259 msgid "" "Add a new :func:`threading.excepthook` function which handles uncaught :meth:" "`threading.Thread.run` exception. It can be overridden to control how " @@ -1540,7 +1540,7 @@ msgid "" "by Victor Stinner in :issue:`1230540`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1263 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1264 msgid "" "Add a new :func:`threading.get_native_id` function and a :data:`~threading." "Thread.native_id` attribute to the :class:`threading.Thread` class. These " @@ -1550,11 +1550,11 @@ msgid "" "by Jake Tesler in :issue:`36084`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1273 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1274 msgid "tokenize" msgstr "tokenize" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1275 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1276 msgid "" "The :mod:`tokenize` module now implicitly emits a ``NEWLINE`` token when " "provided with input that does not have a trailing new line. This behavior " @@ -1562,11 +1562,11 @@ msgid "" "Askar in :issue:`33899`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1282 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1283 msgid "tkinter" msgstr "tkinter" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1284 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1285 msgid "" "Added methods :meth:`~tkinter.Spinbox.selection_from`, :meth:`~tkinter." "Spinbox.selection_present`, :meth:`~tkinter.Spinbox.selection_range` and :" @@ -1574,38 +1574,38 @@ msgid "" "(Contributed by Juliette Monsel in :issue:`34829`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1291 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1292 msgid "" "Added method :meth:`~tkinter.Canvas.moveto` in the :class:`tkinter.Canvas` " "class. (Contributed by Juliette Monsel in :issue:`23831`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1295 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1296 msgid "" "The :class:`tkinter.PhotoImage` class now has :meth:`~tkinter.PhotoImage." "transparency_get` and :meth:`~tkinter.PhotoImage.transparency_set` methods. " "(Contributed by Zackery Spytz in :issue:`25451`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1302 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1303 msgid "time" msgstr "time" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1304 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1305 msgid "" "Added new clock :data:`~time.CLOCK_UPTIME_RAW` for macOS 10.12. (Contributed " "by Joannah Nanjekye in :issue:`35702`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1309 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1310 msgid "typing" msgstr "typing" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1311 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1312 msgid "The :mod:`typing` module incorporates several new features:" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1313 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1314 msgid "" "A dictionary type with per-key types. See :pep:`589` and :class:`typing." "TypedDict`. TypedDict uses only string keys. By default, every key is " @@ -1613,46 +1613,46 @@ msgid "" "optional::" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1323 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1324 msgid "" "Literal types. See :pep:`586` and :class:`typing.Literal`. Literal types " "indicate that a parameter or return value is constrained to one or more " "specific literal values::" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1330 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1331 msgid "" "\"Final\" variables, functions, methods and classes. See :pep:`591`, :class:" "`typing.Final` and :func:`typing.final`. The final qualifier instructs a " "static type checker to restrict subclassing, overriding, or reassignment::" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1337 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1338 msgid "" "Protocol definitions. See :pep:`544`, :class:`typing.Protocol` and :func:" "`typing.runtime_checkable`. Simple ABCs like :class:`typing.SupportsInt` " "are now ``Protocol`` subclasses." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1341 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1342 msgid "New protocol class :class:`typing.SupportsIndex`." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1343 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1344 msgid "New functions :func:`typing.get_origin` and :func:`typing.get_args`." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1347 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1348 msgid "unicodedata" msgstr "unicodedata" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1349 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1350 msgid "" "The :mod:`unicodedata` module has been upgraded to use the `Unicode 12.1.0 " "`_ release." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1352 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1353 msgid "" "New function :func:`~unicodedata.is_normalized` can be used to verify a " "string is in a specific normal form, often much faster than by actually " @@ -1660,11 +1660,11 @@ msgid "" "Greg Price in :issue:`32285` and :issue:`37966`)." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1359 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1360 msgid "unittest" msgstr "unittest" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1361 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1362 msgid "" "Added :class:`~unittest.mock.AsyncMock` to support an asynchronous version " "of :class:`~unittest.mock.Mock`. Appropriate new assert functions for " @@ -1672,7 +1672,7 @@ msgid "" "`26467`)." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1366 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1367 msgid "" "Added :func:`~unittest.addModuleCleanup()` and :meth:`~unittest.TestCase." "addClassCleanup()` to unittest to support cleanups for :func:`~unittest." @@ -1680,60 +1680,60 @@ msgid "" "Lisa Roach in :issue:`24412`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1372 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1373 msgid "" "Several mock assert functions now also print a list of actual calls upon " "failure. (Contributed by Petter Strandmark in :issue:`35047`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1375 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1376 msgid "" ":mod:`unittest` module gained support for coroutines to be used as test " "cases with :class:`unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase`. (Contributed by Andrew " "Svetlov in :issue:`32972`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1379 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1380 msgid "Example::" msgstr "" "範例：\n" "\n" "::" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1402 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1403 msgid "venv" msgstr "venv" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1404 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1405 msgid "" ":mod:`venv` now includes an ``Activate.ps1`` script on all platforms for " "activating virtual environments under PowerShell Core 6.1. (Contributed by " "Brett Cannon in :issue:`32718`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1410 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1411 msgid "weakref" msgstr "weakref" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1412 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1413 msgid "" "The proxy objects returned by :func:`weakref.proxy` now support the matrix " "multiplication operators ``@`` and ``@=`` in addition to the other numeric " "operators. (Contributed by Mark Dickinson in :issue:`36669`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1418 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1419 msgid "xml" msgstr "xml" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1420 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1421 msgid "" "As mitigation against DTD and external entity retrieval, the :mod:`xml.dom." "minidom` and :mod:`xml.sax` modules no longer process external entities by " "default. (Contributed by Christian Heimes in :issue:`17239`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1425 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1426 msgid "" "The ``.find*()`` methods in the :mod:`xml.etree.ElementTree` module support " "wildcard searches like ``{*}tag`` which ignores the namespace and " @@ -1741,14 +1741,14 @@ msgid "" "by Stefan Behnel in :issue:`28238`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1430 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1431 msgid "" "The :mod:`xml.etree.ElementTree` module provides a new function :func:`–xml." "etree.ElementTree.canonicalize()` that implements C14N 2.0. (Contributed by " "Stefan Behnel in :issue:`13611`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1434 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1435 msgid "" "The target object of :class:`xml.etree.ElementTree.XMLParser` can receive " "namespace declaration events through the new callback methods ``start_ns()`` " @@ -1758,11 +1758,11 @@ msgid "" "by Stefan Behnel in :issue:`36676` and :issue:`36673`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1444 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1445 msgid "xmlrpc" msgstr "xmlrpc" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1446 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1447 msgid "" ":class:`xmlrpc.client.ServerProxy` now supports an optional *headers* " "keyword argument for a sequence of HTTP headers to be sent with each " @@ -1771,36 +1771,36 @@ msgid "" "Cédric Krier in :issue:`35153`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1454 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1455 msgid "Optimizations" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1456 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1457 msgid "" "The :mod:`subprocess` module can now use the :func:`os.posix_spawn` function " "in some cases for better performance. Currently, it is only used on macOS " "and Linux (using glibc 2.24 or newer) if all these conditions are met:" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1460 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1461 msgid "*close_fds* is false;" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1461 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1462 msgid "" "*preexec_fn*, *pass_fds*, *cwd* and *start_new_session* parameters are not " "set;" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1463 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1464 msgid "the *executable* path contains a directory." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1465 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1466 msgid "(Contributed by Joannah Nanjekye and Victor Stinner in :issue:`35537`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1467 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1468 msgid "" ":func:`shutil.copyfile`, :func:`shutil.copy`, :func:`shutil.copy2`, :func:" "`shutil.copytree` and :func:`shutil.move` use platform-specific \"fast-copy" @@ -1816,7 +1816,7 @@ msgid "" "Rodolà in :issue:`33671`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1483 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1484 msgid "" ":func:`shutil.copytree` uses :func:`os.scandir` function and all copy " "functions depending from it use cached :func:`os.stat` values. The speedup " @@ -1826,27 +1826,27 @@ msgid "" "on network filesystems. (Contributed by Giampaolo Rodolà in :issue:`33695`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1490 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1491 msgid "" "The default protocol in the :mod:`pickle` module is now Protocol 4, first " "introduced in Python 3.4. It offers better performance and smaller size " "compared to Protocol 3 available since Python 3.0." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1494 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1495 msgid "" "Removed one :c:type:`Py_ssize_t` member from ``PyGC_Head``. All GC tracked " "objects (e.g. tuple, list, dict) size is reduced 4 or 8 bytes. (Contributed " "by Inada Naoki in :issue:`33597`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1498 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1499 msgid "" ":class:`uuid.UUID` now uses ``__slots__`` to reduce its memory footprint. " "(Contributed by Wouter Bolsterlee and Tal Einat in :issue:`30977`)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1501 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1502 msgid "" "Improved performance of :func:`operator.itemgetter` by 33%. Optimized " "argument handling and added a fast path for the common case of a single non-" @@ -1854,7 +1854,7 @@ msgid "" "standard library). (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger in :issue:`35664`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1507 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1508 msgid "" "Sped-up field lookups in :func:`collections.namedtuple`. They are now more " "than two times faster, making them the fastest form of instance variable " @@ -1862,7 +1862,7 @@ msgid "" "Jevnik, Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`32492`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1512 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1513 msgid "" "The :class:`list` constructor does not overallocate the internal item buffer " "if the input iterable has a known length (the input implements ``__len__``). " @@ -1870,7 +1870,7 @@ msgid "" "Hettinger and Pablo Galindo in :issue:`33234`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1517 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1518 msgid "" "Doubled the speed of class variable writes. When a non-dunder attribute was " "updated, there was an unnecessary call to update slots. (Contributed by " @@ -1878,7 +1878,7 @@ msgid "" "and Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`36012`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1522 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1523 msgid "" "Reduced an overhead of converting arguments passed to many builtin functions " "and methods. This sped up calling some simple builtin functions and methods " @@ -1886,18 +1886,18 @@ msgid "" "`35582` and :issue:`36127`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1527 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1528 msgid "" "``LOAD_GLOBAL`` instruction now uses new \"per opcode cache\" mechanism. It " "is about 40% faster now. (Contributed by Yury Selivanov and Inada Naoki in :" "issue:`26219`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1533 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1534 msgid "Build and C API Changes" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1535 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1536 msgid "" "Default :data:`sys.abiflags` became an empty string: the ``m`` flag for " "pymalloc became useless (builds with and without pymalloc are ABI " @@ -1905,22 +1905,22 @@ msgid "" "issue:`36707`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1539 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1540 msgid "Example of changes:" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1541 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1542 msgid "" "Only ``python3.8`` program is installed, ``python3.8m`` program is gone." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1542 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1543 msgid "" "Only ``python3.8-config`` script is installed, ``python3.8m-config`` script " "is gone." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1544 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1545 msgid "" "The ``m`` flag has been removed from the suffix of dynamic library " "filenames: extension modules in the standard library as well as those " @@ -1929,23 +1929,23 @@ msgid "" "linux-gnu.so`` became ``.cpython-38-x86_64-linux-gnu.so`` in Python 3.8." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1551 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1552 msgid "" "The header files have been reorganized to better separate the different " "kinds of APIs:" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1554 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1555 msgid "``Include/*.h`` should be the portable public stable C API." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1555 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1556 msgid "" "``Include/cpython/*.h`` should be the unstable C API specific to CPython; " "public API, with some private API prefixed by ``_Py`` or ``_PY``." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1557 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1558 msgid "" "``Include/internal/*.h`` is the private internal C API very specific to " "CPython. This API comes with no backward compatibility warranty and should " @@ -1954,42 +1954,42 @@ msgid "" "calling functions. This API is now installed by ``make install``." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1563 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1564 msgid "" "(Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`35134` and :issue:`35081`, work " "initiated by Eric Snow in Python 3.7.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1566 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1567 msgid "" "Some macros have been converted to static inline functions: parameter types " "and return type are well defined, they don't have issues specific to macros, " "variables have a local scopes. Examples:" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1570 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1571 msgid ":c:func:`Py_INCREF`, :c:func:`Py_DECREF`" msgstr ":c:func:`Py_INCREF`, :c:func:`Py_DECREF`" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1571 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1572 msgid ":c:func:`Py_XINCREF`, :c:func:`Py_XDECREF`" msgstr ":c:func:`Py_XINCREF`, :c:func:`Py_XDECREF`" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1572 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1573 msgid ":c:func:`PyObject_INIT`, :c:func:`PyObject_INIT_VAR`" msgstr ":c:func:`PyObject_INIT`, :c:func:`PyObject_INIT_VAR`" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1573 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1574 msgid "" "Private functions: :c:func:`_PyObject_GC_TRACK`, :c:func:" "`_PyObject_GC_UNTRACK`, :c:func:`_Py_Dealloc`" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1576 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1577 msgid "(Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`35059`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1578 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1579 msgid "" "The :c:func:`PyByteArray_Init` and :c:func:`PyByteArray_Fini` functions have " "been removed. They did nothing since Python 2.7.4 and Python 3.2.0, were " @@ -1997,14 +1997,14 @@ msgid "" "(Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`35713`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1583 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1584 msgid "" "The result of :c:func:`PyExceptionClass_Name` is now of type ``const char " "*`` rather of ``char *``. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:" "`33818`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1587 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1588 msgid "" "The duality of ``Modules/Setup.dist`` and ``Modules/Setup`` has been " "removed. Previously, when updating the CPython source tree, one had to " @@ -2015,7 +2015,7 @@ msgid "" "the file could produce build failures." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1595 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1596 msgid "" "Now the build system always reads from ``Modules/Setup`` inside the source " "tree. People who want to customize that file are encouraged to maintain " @@ -2023,11 +2023,11 @@ msgid "" "for any other change to the source tree." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1600 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1601 msgid "(Contributed by Antoine Pitrou in :issue:`32430`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1602 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1603 msgid "" "Functions that convert Python number to C integer like :c:func:" "`PyLong_AsLong` and argument parsing functions like :c:func:" @@ -2043,7 +2043,7 @@ msgid "" "`20092`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1616 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1617 msgid "" "Heap-allocated type objects will now increase their reference count in :c:" "func:`PyObject_Init` (and its parallel macro ``PyObject_INIT``) instead of " @@ -2052,7 +2052,7 @@ msgid "" "issue:`35810`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1622 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1623 msgid "" "The new function :c:func:`PyCode_NewWithPosOnlyArgs` allows to create code " "objects like :c:func:`PyCode_New`, but with an extra *posonlyargcount* " @@ -2060,25 +2060,25 @@ msgid "" "(Contributed by Pablo Galindo in :issue:`37221`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1627 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1628 msgid "" ":c:func:`Py_SetPath` now sets :data:`sys.executable` to the program full " "path (:c:func:`Py_GetProgramFullPath`) rather than to the program name (:c:" "func:`Py_GetProgramName`). (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`38234`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1634 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1635 msgid "Deprecated" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1636 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1637 msgid "" "The distutils ``bdist_wininst`` command is now deprecated, use " "``bdist_wheel`` (wheel packages) instead. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :" "issue:`37481`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1640 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1641 msgid "" "Deprecated methods ``getchildren()`` and ``getiterator()`` in the :mod:`~xml." "etree.ElementTree` module now emit a :exc:`DeprecationWarning` instead of :" @@ -2086,7 +2086,7 @@ msgid "" "(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`29209`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1646 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1647 msgid "" "Passing an object that is not an instance of :class:`concurrent.futures." "ThreadPoolExecutor` to :meth:`loop.set_default_executor() `. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`36492`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1747 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1748 msgid "API and Feature Removals" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1749 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1750 msgid "The following features and APIs have been removed from Python 3.8:" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1751 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1752 msgid "" "Starting with Python 3.3, importing ABCs from :mod:`collections` was " "deprecated, and importing should be done from :mod:`collections.abc`. Being " @@ -2257,20 +2257,20 @@ msgid "" "delayed to 3.9. (See :issue:`36952`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1756 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1757 msgid "" "The :mod:`macpath` module, deprecated in Python 3.7, has been removed. " "(Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`35471`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1759 ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1878 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1760 ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1879 msgid "" "The function :func:`platform.popen` has been removed, after having been " "deprecated since Python 3.3: use :func:`os.popen` instead. (Contributed by " "Victor Stinner in :issue:`35345`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1763 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1764 msgid "" "The function :func:`time.clock` has been removed, after having been " "deprecated since Python 3.3: use :func:`time.perf_counter` or :func:`time." @@ -2278,27 +2278,27 @@ msgid "" "behavior. (Contributed by Matthias Bussonnier in :issue:`36895`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1769 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1770 msgid "" "The ``pyvenv`` script has been removed in favor of ``python3.8 -m venv`` to " "help eliminate confusion as to what Python interpreter the ``pyvenv`` script " "is tied to. (Contributed by Brett Cannon in :issue:`25427`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1773 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1774 msgid "" "``parse_qs``, ``parse_qsl``, and ``escape`` are removed from the :mod:`cgi` " "module. They are deprecated in Python 3.2 or older. They should be imported " "from the ``urllib.parse`` and ``html`` modules instead." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1777 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1778 msgid "" "``filemode`` function is removed from the :mod:`tarfile` module. It is not " "documented and deprecated since Python 3.3." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1780 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1781 msgid "" "The :class:`~xml.etree.ElementTree.XMLParser` constructor no longer accepts " "the *html* argument. It never had an effect and was deprecated in Python " @@ -2306,53 +2306,53 @@ msgid "" "only_parameter>`. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`29209`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1785 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1786 msgid "" "Removed the ``doctype()`` method of :class:`~xml.etree.ElementTree." "XMLParser`. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`29209`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1788 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1789 msgid "" "\"unicode_internal\" codec is removed. (Contributed by Inada Naoki in :issue:" "`36297`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1791 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1792 msgid "" "The ``Cache`` and ``Statement`` objects of the :mod:`sqlite3` module are not " "exposed to the user. (Contributed by Aviv Palivoda in :issue:`30262`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1795 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1796 msgid "" "The ``bufsize`` keyword argument of :func:`fileinput.input` and :func:" "`fileinput.FileInput` which was ignored and deprecated since Python 3.6 has " "been removed. :issue:`36952` (Contributed by Matthias Bussonnier.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1799 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1800 msgid "" "The functions :func:`sys.set_coroutine_wrapper` and :func:`sys." "get_coroutine_wrapper` deprecated in Python 3.7 have been removed; :issue:" "`36933` (Contributed by Matthias Bussonnier.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1805 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1806 msgid "Porting to Python 3.8" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1807 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1808 msgid "" "This section lists previously described changes and other bugfixes that may " "require changes to your code." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1812 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1813 msgid "Changes in Python behavior" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1814 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1815 msgid "" "Yield expressions (both ``yield`` and ``yield from`` clauses) are now " "disallowed in comprehensions and generator expressions (aside from the " @@ -2360,7 +2360,7 @@ msgid "" "Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`10544`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1819 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1820 msgid "" "The compiler now produces a :exc:`SyntaxWarning` when identity checks " "(``is`` and ``is not``) are used with certain types of literals (e.g. " @@ -2370,7 +2370,7 @@ msgid "" "issue:`34850`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1826 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1827 msgid "" "The CPython interpreter can swallow exceptions in some circumstances. In " "Python 3.8 this happens in fewer cases. In particular, exceptions raised " @@ -2378,7 +2378,7 @@ msgid "" "(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`35459`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1831 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1832 msgid "" "Removed ``__str__`` implementations from builtin types :class:`bool`, :class:" "`int`, :class:`float`, :class:`complex` and few classes from the standard " @@ -2388,7 +2388,7 @@ msgid "" "issue:`36793`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1838 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1839 msgid "" "On AIX, :attr:`sys.platform` doesn't contain the major version anymore. It " "is always ``'aix'``, instead of ``'aix3'`` .. ``'aix7'``. Since older " @@ -2397,7 +2397,7 @@ msgid "" "`36588`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1844 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1845 msgid "" ":c:func:`PyEval_AcquireLock` and :c:func:`PyEval_AcquireThread` now " "terminate the current thread if called while the interpreter is finalizing, " @@ -2408,11 +2408,11 @@ msgid "" "`36475`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1854 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1855 msgid "Changes in the Python API" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1856 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1857 msgid "" "The :func:`os.getcwdb` function now uses the UTF-8 encoding on Windows, " "rather than the ANSI code page: see :pep:`529` for the rationale. The " @@ -2420,7 +2420,7 @@ msgid "" "in :issue:`37412`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1861 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1862 msgid "" ":class:`subprocess.Popen` can now use :func:`os.posix_spawn` in some cases " "for better performance. On Windows Subsystem for Linux and QEMU User " @@ -2430,7 +2430,7 @@ msgid "" "by Joannah Nanjekye and Victor Stinner in :issue:`35537`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1868 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1869 msgid "" "The *preexec_fn* argument of * :class:`subprocess.Popen` is no longer " "compatible with subinterpreters. The use of the parameter in a " @@ -2438,20 +2438,20 @@ msgid "" "issue:`34651`, modified by Christian Heimes in :issue:`37951`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1874 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1875 msgid "" "The :meth:`imap.IMAP4.logout` method no longer silently ignores arbitrary " "exceptions. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`36348`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1882 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1883 msgid "" "The :func:`statistics.mode` function no longer raises an exception when " "given multimodal data. Instead, it returns the first mode encountered in " "the input data. (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger in :issue:`35892`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1887 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1888 msgid "" "The :meth:`~tkinter.ttk.Treeview.selection` method of the :class:`tkinter." "ttk.Treeview` class no longer takes arguments. Using it with arguments for " @@ -2460,7 +2460,7 @@ msgid "" "selection. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`31508`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1893 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1894 msgid "" "The :meth:`writexml`, :meth:`toxml` and :meth:`toprettyxml` methods of :mod:" "`xml.dom.minidom`, and the :meth:`write` method of :mod:`xml.etree`, now " @@ -2468,14 +2468,14 @@ msgid "" "Rojas and Raymond Hettinger in :issue:`34160`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1898 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1899 msgid "" "A :mod:`dbm.dumb` database opened with flags ``'r'`` is now read-only. :func:" "`dbm.dumb.open` with flags ``'r'`` and ``'w'`` no longer creates a database " "if it does not exist. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`32749`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1903 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1904 msgid "" "The ``doctype()`` method defined in a subclass of :class:`~xml.etree." "ElementTree.XMLParser` will no longer be called and will emit a :exc:" @@ -2485,7 +2485,7 @@ msgid "" "in :issue:`29209`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1910 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1911 msgid "" "A :exc:`RuntimeError` is now raised when the custom metaclass doesn't " "provide the ``__classcell__`` entry in the namespace passed to ``type." @@ -2493,13 +2493,13 @@ msgid "" "(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`23722`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1915 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1916 msgid "" "The :class:`cProfile.Profile` class can now be used as a context manager. " "(Contributed by Scott Sanderson in :issue:`29235`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1918 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1919 msgid "" ":func:`shutil.copyfile`, :func:`shutil.copy`, :func:`shutil.copy2`, :func:" "`shutil.copytree` and :func:`shutil.move` use platform-specific \"fast-copy" @@ -2507,19 +2507,19 @@ msgid "" "section)." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1923 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1924 msgid "" ":func:`shutil.copyfile` default buffer size on Windows was changed from 16 " "KiB to 1 MiB." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1926 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1927 msgid "" "The ``PyGC_Head`` struct has changed completely. All code that touched the " "struct member should be rewritten. (See :issue:`33597`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1929 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1930 msgid "" "The :c:type:`PyInterpreterState` struct has been moved into the \"internal\" " "header files (specifically Include/internal/pycore_pystate.h). An opaque " @@ -2531,7 +2531,7 @@ msgid "" "functions to the public API). (See :issue:`35886`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1939 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1940 msgid "" "The :meth:`mmap.flush() ` method now returns ``None`` on " "success and raises an exception on error under all platforms. Previously, " @@ -2541,13 +2541,13 @@ msgid "" "(Contributed by Berker Peksag in :issue:`2122`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1946 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1947 msgid "" ":mod:`xml.dom.minidom` and :mod:`xml.sax` modules no longer process external " "entities by default. (Contributed by Christian Heimes in :issue:`17239`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1950 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1951 msgid "" "Deleting a key from a read-only :mod:`dbm` database (:mod:`dbm.dumb`, :mod:" "`dbm.gnu` or :mod:`dbm.ndbm`) raises :attr:`error` (:exc:`dbm.dumb.error`, :" @@ -2555,7 +2555,7 @@ msgid "" "(Contributed by Xiang Zhang in :issue:`33106`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1955 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1956 msgid "" "Simplified AST for literals. All constants will be represented as :class:" "`ast.Constant` instances. Instantiating old classes ``Num``, ``Str``, " @@ -2563,7 +2563,7 @@ msgid "" "``Constant``. (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`32892`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1971 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1972 msgid "" "The function :func:`asyncio.wait_for` now correctly waits for cancellation " "when using an instance of :class:`asyncio.Task`. Previously, upon reaching " @@ -2571,18 +2571,18 @@ msgid "" "Pranskevichus in :issue:`32751`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1976 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1977 msgid "" "The function :func:`asyncio.BaseTransport.get_extra_info` now returns a safe " "to use socket object when 'socket' is passed to the *name* parameter. " "(Contributed by Yury Selivanov in :issue:`37027`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1980 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1981 msgid ":class:`asyncio.BufferedProtocol` has graduated to the stable API." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1984 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1985 msgid "" "DLL dependencies for extension modules and DLLs loaded with :mod:`ctypes` on " "Windows are now resolved more securely. Only the system paths, the directory " @@ -2597,14 +2597,14 @@ msgid "" "verified by the installer). (Contributed by Steve Dower in :issue:`36085`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1997 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:1998 msgid "" "The header files and functions related to pgen have been removed after its " "replacement by a pure Python implementation. (Contributed by Pablo Galindo " "in :issue:`36623`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2001 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2002 msgid "" ":class:`types.CodeType` has a new parameter in the second position of the " "constructor (*posonlyargcount*) to support positional-only arguments defined " @@ -2614,17 +2614,17 @@ msgid "" "code future-proof." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2008 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2009 msgid "" "The parameter ``digestmod`` for :func:`hmac.new` no longer uses the MD5 " "digest by default." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2012 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2013 msgid "Changes in the C API" msgstr "C API 中的改動" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2014 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2015 msgid "" "The :c:type:`PyCompilerFlags` structure got a new *cf_feature_version* " "field. It should be initialized to ``PY_MINOR_VERSION``. The field is " @@ -2632,14 +2632,14 @@ msgid "" "in *cf_flags*. (Contributed by Guido van Rossum in :issue:`35766`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2020 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2021 msgid "" "The :c:func:`PyEval_ReInitThreads` function has been removed from the C API. " "It should not be called explicitly: use :c:func:`PyOS_AfterFork_Child` " "instead. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`36728`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2025 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2026 msgid "" "On Unix, C extensions are no longer linked to libpython except on Android " "and Cygwin. When Python is embedded, ``libpython`` must not be loaded with " @@ -2650,7 +2650,7 @@ msgid "" "Stinner in :issue:`21536`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2033 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2034 msgid "" "Use of ``#`` variants of formats in parsing or building value (e.g. :c:func:" "`PyArg_ParseTuple`, :c:func:`Py_BuildValue`, :c:func:" @@ -2659,7 +2659,7 @@ msgid "" "`arg-parsing` for detail. (Contributed by Inada Naoki in :issue:`36381`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2039 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2040 msgid "" "Instances of heap-allocated types (such as those created with :c:func:" "`PyType_FromSpec`) hold a reference to their type object. Increasing the " @@ -2669,11 +2669,11 @@ msgid "" "through :c:func:`PyType_FromSpec` behave like other classes in managed code." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2047 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2048 msgid ":ref:`Statically allocated types ` are not affected." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2049 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2050 msgid "" "For the vast majority of cases, there should be no side effect. However, " "types that manually increase the reference count after allocating an " @@ -2682,12 +2682,12 @@ msgid "" "instance deallocation." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2055 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2056 msgid "" "To correctly port these types into 3.8, please apply the following changes:" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2058 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2059 msgid "" "Remove :c:macro:`Py_INCREF` on the type object after allocating an instance " "- if any. This may happen after calling :c:func:`PyObject_New`, :c:func:" @@ -2696,32 +2696,32 @@ msgid "" "`PyObject_INIT`." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2065 ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2084 -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2103 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2066 ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2085 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2104 msgid "Example:" msgstr "範例：" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2081 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2082 msgid "" "Ensure that all custom ``tp_dealloc`` functions of heap-allocated types " "decrease the type's reference count." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2098 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2099 msgid "(Contributed by Eddie Elizondo in :issue:`35810`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2100 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2101 msgid "" "The :c:macro:`Py_DEPRECATED()` macro has been implemented for MSVC. The " "macro now must be placed before the symbol name." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2109 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2110 msgid "(Contributed by Zackery Spytz in :issue:`33407`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2111 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2112 msgid "" "The interpreter does not pretend to support binary compatibility of " "extension types across feature releases, anymore. A :c:type:`PyTypeObject` " @@ -2731,17 +2731,17 @@ msgid "" "before reading :c:member:`~PyTypeObject.tp_finalize`)." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2118 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2119 msgid "(Contributed by Antoine Pitrou in :issue:`32388`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2120 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2121 msgid "" "The functions :c:func:`PyNode_AddChild` and :c:func:`PyParser_AddToken` now " "accept two additional ``int`` arguments *end_lineno* and *end_col_offset*." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2123 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2124 msgid "" "The :file:`libpython38.a` file to allow MinGW tools to link directly " "against :file:`python38.dll` is no longer included in the regular Windows " @@ -2750,7 +2750,7 @@ msgid "" "package:" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2133 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2134 msgid "" "The location of an installed :file:`pythonXY.dll` will depend on the " "installation options and the version and language of Windows. See :ref:" @@ -2759,15 +2759,15 @@ msgid "" "the :file:`libs` directory under your Python installation." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2139 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2140 msgid "(Contributed by Steve Dower in :issue:`37351`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2143 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2144 msgid "CPython bytecode changes" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2145 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2146 msgid "" "The interpreter loop has been simplified by moving the logic of unrolling " "the stack of blocks into the compiler. The compiler emits now explicit " @@ -2775,7 +2775,7 @@ msgid "" "code for :keyword:`break`, :keyword:`continue` and :keyword:`return`." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2151 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2152 msgid "" "Removed opcodes :opcode:`BREAK_LOOP`, :opcode:`CONTINUE_LOOP`, :opcode:" "`SETUP_LOOP` and :opcode:`SETUP_EXCEPT`. Added new opcodes :opcode:" @@ -2784,20 +2784,20 @@ msgid "" "`WITH_CLEANUP_START`." msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2157 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2158 msgid "" "(Contributed by Mark Shannon, Antoine Pitrou and Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:" "`17611`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2160 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2161 msgid "" "Added new opcode :opcode:`END_ASYNC_FOR` for handling exceptions raised when " "awaiting a next item in an :keyword:`async for` loop. (Contributed by Serhiy " "Storchaka in :issue:`33041`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2164 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2165 msgid "" "The :opcode:`MAP_ADD` now expects the value as the first element in the " "stack and the key as the second element. This change was made so the key is " @@ -2805,22 +2805,22 @@ msgid "" "by :pep:`572`. (Contributed by Jörn Heissler in :issue:`35224`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2171 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2172 msgid "Demos and Tools" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2173 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2174 msgid "" "Added a benchmark script for timing various ways to access variables: " "``Tools/scripts/var_access_benchmark.py``. (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger " "in :issue:`35884`.)" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2177 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2178 msgid "Here's a summary of performance improvements since Python 3.3:" msgstr "" -#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2224 +#: ../../whatsnew/3.8.rst:2225 msgid "" "The benchmarks were measured on an `Intel® Core™ i7-4960HQ processor " " pFad - Phonifier reborn

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