TY - JOUR
AU - Tananuchittikul, Pornsek
AU - Yimtae, Kwanchanok
AU - Chayaopas, Nichtima
AU - Thanawirattananit, Panida
AU - Kasemsiri, Pornthep
AU - Piromchai, Patorn
PY - 2023
DA - 2023/11/3
TI - App-Based Hearing Screenings in Preschool Children With Different Types of Headphones: Diagnostic Study
JO - JMIR Mhealth Uhealth
SP - e44703
VL - 11
KW - hearing screening
KW - mobile application
KW - mobile app
KW - headphones
KW - mobile health
KW - mHealth
KW - hearing
KW - headphone
KW - pediatric
KW - child
KW - preschool
KW - audiology
KW - audiometry
KW - audiologist
KW - screening
AB - Background: Hearing disability in preschool children can delay or impact oral communication and social skills. Provision of hearing screening tests by standard audiometry in low- to middle-income countries is problematic due to a lack of pediatric audiologists, standard hearing equipment, and standard soundproof rooms. Therefore, an innovative hearing screening tool that is easily accessible and inexpensive such as a mobile app should be considered. Headphones have been a crucial part of hearing screenings. Audiometric headphones, which serve as the reference standard, have been used in most studies. However, since audiometric headphones are not accessible in rural areas, we hypothesized that generic headphones can also be used in hearing screenings. Objective: This study aimed to determine the sensitivity, specificity, κ coefficiency, and time consumption of the PASS-Pro (Preschool Audiometry Screening System–Pro) app when using TDH39 headphones, Beyerdynamic DT 770 PRO headphones, and generic earmuff headphones compared to standard conditioned play audiometry. Methods: We recruited preschool children aged 4 to 5 years to participate in this study. The children received 3 PASS-Pro screening tests using different types of headphones in a quiet room and 1 standard conditioned play audiometry in a soundproof room. All tests were administered in random order. The agreement coefficient, sensitivity, specificity, and mean test duration were determined. Results: A total of 44 children participated in this study. For mild hearing loss screening, the κ coefficients between standard conditioned play audiometry and the PASS-Pro app using TDH39 headphones, Beyerdynamic DT 770 PRO headphones, and generic earmuff headphones were 0.195, 0.290, and 0.261 (P=.02, P=.002, and P=.004), respectively. The sensitivity for all headphones was 50% and the specificity was more than 88%. For moderate hearing loss screening, the κ coefficients were 0.206, 0.272, and 0.235 (all Ps=.001), respectively. The sensitivity for all headphones was 100% and the specificity was more than 92%. There were no statistical differences in sensitivity and specificity between the reference headphone (TDH39), Beyerdynamic DT 770 PRO headphone, and generic earmuff headphones (all Ps >.05). The PASS-Pro app used significantly less time to carry out hearing tests than conditioned play audiometry (P<.001). Conclusions: The PASS-Pro app, used with generic headphones, is effective for conducting hearing screening tests in preschool children with high sensitivity and specificity. Trial Registration: Thai Clinical Trials Registry TCTR20201229002; www.thaiclinicaltrials.org/show/TCTR20201229002
SN - 2291-5222
UR - https://mhealth.jmir.org/2023/1/e44703
UR - https://doi.org/10.2196/44703
UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37962900
DO - 10.2196/44703
ID - info:doi/10.2196/44703
ER -
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