The following bug has been logged on the website:

Bug reference: 18497
Logged by: Nikita Kalinin
Email address: n(dot)kalinin(at)postgrespro(dot)ru
PostgreSQL version: 16.3
Operating system: ubuntu 22.04
Description:

When building postgresql on REL_16_STABLE tag with ASAN assertion error:

#0 0x00007f491f4419fc in pthread_kill () from
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6
(gdb) bt
#0 0x00007f491f4419fc in pthread_kill () from
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6
#1 0x00007f491f3ed476 in raise () from /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6
#2 0x00007f491f3d37f3 in abort () from /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6
#3 0x00005557ce0b3c22 in __sanitizer::Abort() ()
#4 0x00005557ce0bf7dc in __sanitizer::Die() ()
#5 0x00005557ce09ec8c in
__asan::ScopedInErrorReport::~ScopedInErrorReport() ()
#6 0x00005557ce09e525 in __asan::ReportGenericError(unsigned long, unsigned
long, unsigned long, unsigned long, bool, unsigned long, unsigned int, bool)
()
#7 0x00005557ce09f24b in __asan_report_load4 ()
#8 0x00005557ce841147 in expr_setup_walker
(node=node(at)entry=0x61900002e4b8,
info=info(at)entry=0x7ffec42a0170) at execExpr.c:2757
#9 0x00005557ce84337d in ExecCreateExprSetupSteps (
state=state(at)entry=0x625000070d08, node=node(at)entry=0x61900002e4b8)
at execExpr.c:2659
#10 0x00005557ce8515e7 in ExecInitExprWithParams (node=0x61900002e4b8,
ext_params=ext_params(at)entry=0x625000075a18) at execExpr.c:180
#11 0x00007f49111a0a85 in exec_eval_simple_expr (
estate=estate(at)entry=0x7ffec42a0790, expr=expr(at)entry=0x62500005aa98,
result=result(at)entry=0x7ffec42a0340,
isNull=isNull(at)entry=0x7ffec42a03d0,
rettype=rettype(at)entry=0x7ffec42a03e0,
rettypmod=rettypmod(at)entry=0x7ffec42a03f0)
at pl_exec.c:6178
#12 0x00007f49111a3788 in exec_eval_expr
(estate=estate(at)entry=0x7ffec42a0790,
expr=expr(at)entry=0x62500005aa98, isNull=isNull(at)entry=0x7ffec42a03d0,
rettype=rettype(at)entry=0x7ffec42a03e0,
rettypmod=rettypmod(at)entry=0x7ffec42a03f0) at pl_exec.c:5702
#13 0x00007f49111afb18 in exec_assign_expr (estate=<optimized out>,
target=0x625000075ad0, expr=0x62500005aa98) at pl_exec.c:5034
#14 0x00007f49111aff36 in exec_stmt_assign
(estate=estate(at)entry=0x7ffec42a0790, stmt=stmt(at)entry=0x62500005bf30) at
pl_exec.c:2155
#15 0x00007f49111b365c in exec_stmts (estate=estate(at)entry=0x7ffec42a0790,
stmts=0x62500005bf78) at pl_exec.c:2019
#16 0x00007f49111b5242 in exec_stmt_block
(estate=estate(at)entry=0x7ffec42a0790, block=block(at)entry=0x62500005bfc8) at
pl_exec.c:1942
#17 0x00007f49111b54cc in exec_toplevel_block
(estate=estate(at)entry=0x7ffec42a0790, block=0x62500005bfc8) at
pl_exec.c:1633
#18 0x00007f49111b6234 in plpgsql_exec_function
(func=func(at)entry=0x629000024ad0, fcinfo=fcinfo(at)entry=0x625000058100,
simple_eval_estate=simple_eval_estate(at)entry=0x0,
simple_eval_resowner=simple_eval_resowner(at)entry=0x0,
procedure_resowner=procedure_resowner(at)entry=0x0, atomic=<optimized out>) at
pl_exec.c:622
#19 0x00007f49111dfa3f in plpgsql_call_handler (fcinfo=<optimized out>) at
pl_handler.c:277
#20 0x00005557ce874901 in ExecInterpExpr (state=0x625000058028,
econtext=0x625000057d50, isnull=0x7ffec42a0bd0) at execExprInterp.c:734
#21 0x00005557ce8614df in ExecInterpExprStillValid (state=0x625000058028,
econtext=0x625000057d50, isNull=0x7ffec42a0bd0) at execExprInterp.c:1870
#22 0x00005557ce98f19b in ExecEvalExprSwitchContext (isNull=0x7ffec42a0bd0,
econtext=0x625000057d50, state=0x625000058028) at
../../../src/include/executor/executor.h:355
#23 ExecProject (projInfo=0x625000058020) at
../../../src/include/executor/executor.h:389
#24 ExecResult (pstate=<optimized out>) at nodeResult.c:136
#25 0x00005557ce8b104f in ExecProcNodeFirst (node=0x625000057c40) at
execProcnode.c:464
#26 0x00005557ce88f146 in ExecProcNode (node=0x625000057c40) at
../../../src/include/executor/executor.h:273
#27 ExecutePlan (estate=estate(at)entry=0x625000057a18,
planstate=0x625000057c40, use_parallel_mode=<optimized out>,
use_parallel_mode(at)entry=false, operation=operation(at)entry=CMD_SELECT,
sendTuples=true, numberTuples=numberTuples(at)entry=0,
direction=ForwardScanDirection, dest=0x625000085098, execute_once=true) at
execMain.c:1670
#28 0x00005557ce88f747 in standard_ExecutorRun (queryDesc=0x619000001a98,
direction=ForwardScanDirection, count=0,
execute_once=execute_once(at)entry=true) at execMain.c:365
#29 0x00005557ce88f9ab in ExecutorRun
(queryDesc=queryDesc(at)entry=0x619000001a98,
direction=direction(at)entry=ForwardScanDirection, count=count(at)entry=0,
execute_once=execute_once(at)entry=true) at execMain.c:309
#30 0x00005557cf025d95 in PortalRunSelect
(portal=portal(at)entry=0x625000025a18, forward=forward(at)entry=true, count=0,
count(at)entry=9223372036854775807, dest=dest(at)entry=0x625000085098) at
pquery.c:924
#31 0x00005557cf02c02c in PortalRun (portal=portal(at)entry=0x625000025a18,
count=count(at)entry=9223372036854775807, isTopLevel=isTopLevel(at)entry=true,
run_once=run_once(at)entry=true, dest=dest(at)entry=0x625000085098,
altdest=altdest(at)entry=0x625000085098, qc=<optimized out>) at pquery.c:768
#32 0x00005557cf01fd70 in exec_simple_query
(query_string=query_string(at)entry=0x625000005218 "select f1();") at
postgres.c:1274
#33 0x00005557cf024b87 in PostgresMain (dbname=dbname(at)entry=0x6250000020c8
"contrib_regression", username=username(at)entry=0x6250000020f8 "test") at
postgres.c:4637
#34 0x00005557cedc385d in BackendRun (port=port(at)entry=0x614000001840) at
postmaster.c:4464
#35 0x00005557cedcbfe6 in BackendStartup (port=port(at)entry=0x614000001840) at
postmaster.c:4192
#36 0x00005557cedcc5e3 in ServerLoop () at postmaster.c:1782
#37 0x00005557cedcec0e in PostmasterMain (argc=argc(at)entry=3,
argv=argv(at)entry=0x6030000002e0) at postmaster.c:1466
#38 0x00005557cea1f054 in main (argc=3, argv=0x6030000002e0) at main.c:198

How to reproduce:
Build postgresql with the following parameters:
export
ASAN_OPTIONS=detect_leaks=0:abort_on_error=1:disable_coredump=0:strict_string_checks=1:check_initialization_order=1:strict_init_order=1
CPPFLAGS="-Og -fsanitize=address -fsanitize=undefined
-fno-sanitize-recover=all -fno-sanitize=nonnull-attribute -fstack-protector"
LDFLAGS='-fsanitize=address -fsanitize=undefined -static-libasan'
./configure --enable-tap-tests --enable-debug --enable-cassert >/dev/null &&
make -j4 -s && make -j4 -s -C contrib && make check

Two sql files are required:

cat 1.sql
create table t1(a int, b int);
select pg_sleep(1);

cat 2.sql
select pg_sleep(1);

create function g1(out a int, out b int)
as $$
select 10,20;
$$ language sql;

create function f1()
returns void as $$
declare r record;
begin
r := g1();
end;
$$ language plpgsql;

select f1();
drop function g1();
create function g1(out a int, out b int)
returns setof record as $$
select * from t1;
$$ language sql;
select f1();
select f1();

Playback script:

( psql -f 1.sql &> 1.log ) &
( psql -f 2.sql &> 2.log ) &
wait