# importing packages and modules
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# average marks data for 5 consecutive years
data = [[98, 95,  93, 96,  97],
        [97, 92,  95, 94,  96],
        [98, 95,  93, 95,  94],
        [96, 94,  94, 92,  95],
        [95, 90,  91, 94,  98]]

columns = ('English', 'Maths', 'Physics',
           'Chemistry', 'Biology')
rows = ['%d academic year' % x for x in (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)]

# Get some pastel shades for the colors
colors = plt.cm.BuPu(np.linspace(0, 0.5, len(rows)))
n_rows = len(data)

index = np.arange(len(columns)) + 0.3
bar_width = 0.4

# Initialize the vertical-offset for
# the line plots.
y_offset = np.zeros(len(columns))

# Plot line plots and create text labels 
# for the table
cell_text = []
for row in range(n_rows):
    plt.plot(index, data[row], color=colors[row])
    y_offset = data[row]
    cell_text.append([x for x in y_offset])

# Reverse colors and text labels to display
# the last value at the top.
colors = colors[::-1]
cell_text.reverse()

# Add a table at the bottom of the axes
the_table = plt.table(cellText=cell_text,
                      rowLabels=rows,
                      rowColours=colors,
                      colLabels=columns,
                      loc='bottom')

# Adjust layout to make room for the table:
plt.subplots_adjust(left=0.2, bottom=0.2)

plt.ylabel("marks".format(value_increment))
plt.xticks([])
plt.title('average marks in each consecutive year')

plt.show()

# import packages and modules
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
from sklearn.datasets import load_iris
import matplotlib
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from pandas.plotting import table

# loading the iris dataset
iris = load_iris()

# creating a 2 dimensional dataframe out of the given data
iris_df = pd.DataFrame(data=np.c_[iris['data'],
                                  iris['target']], 
                       columns=iris['feature_names'] + ['target'])

# grouping data and calculating average
grouped_dataframe = iris_df.groupby('target').mean().round(1)
grouped_dataframe['species_name'] = ['setosa', 'versicolor', 'virginica']

# plotting data
ax = plt.subplot(211)
plt.title("Iris Dataset Average by Plant Type")
plt.ylabel('Centimeters (cm)')

ticks = [4, 8, 12, 16]
a = [x - 1 for x in ticks]
b = [x + 1 for x in ticks]

plt.xticks([])

plt.bar(a, grouped_dataframe.loc[0].values.tolist()[
        :-1], width=1, label='setosa')
plt.bar(ticks, grouped_dataframe.loc[1].values.tolist()[
        :-1], width=1, label='versicolor')
plt.bar(b, grouped_dataframe.loc[2].values.tolist()[
        :-1], width=1, label='virginica')

plt.legend()
plt.figure(figsize=(12, 8))
table(ax, grouped_dataframe.drop(['species_name'], axis=1), loc='bottom')