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Types of Fans: Airflow Changes No Change in Direction Direction Twice

The document discusses different types of fans. There are two main types: centrifugal fans, which change the direction of airflow twice; and axial fans, which do not change the direction of airflow. Fans work by using a rotating impeller to increase air velocity, converting air speed to pressure. Fans are further categorized by blade shape as radial, forward curved, or backward inclined. Key fan terminology is also defined, such as static pressure, dynamic pressure, and efficiency metrics. Operating characteristics are provided for different fan curve types.

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hemachandran91
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39 views19 pages

Types of Fans: Airflow Changes No Change in Direction Direction Twice

The document discusses different types of fans. There are two main types: centrifugal fans, which change the direction of airflow twice; and axial fans, which do not change the direction of airflow. Fans work by using a rotating impeller to increase air velocity, converting air speed to pressure. Fans are further categorized by blade shape as radial, forward curved, or backward inclined. Key fan terminology is also defined, such as static pressure, dynamic pressure, and efficiency metrics. Operating characteristics are provided for different fan curve types.

Uploaded by

hemachandran91
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FANS

Types of fans Centrifugal


Airflow changes
Direction Twice

Axial
No change in Direction

FANS
Rotating impeller increases air velocity

Air speed is converted to pressure


Categorized by blade shapes Radial Forward curved Backward inclined

FANS

FANS
TERMINOLOGY Static Pressure: The absolute pressure at a point minus the reference atmospheric pressure.

Dynamic Pressure:
The rise in static pressure which occurs when air moving with specified velocity at a point is bought to rest without loss of mechanical energy.

FANS
Hydraulic Efficiency
=Ha/Hi

Vane Efficiency
=Ha/He

Volumetric Efficiency
=Q/Qi

FANS
Mechanical Efficiency

FANS
Sum of static pressure losses in system

Configuration of ducts, pickups, elbows


Pressure drop across equipment Increases with square of air volume Long narrow ducts, many bends: more resistance Large ducts, few bends: less resistance

FANS

FANS

FANS
Forward Curve Centrifugal Fan Operating Range = 30% to 80% wide-open Volume

Large air volumes against low pressure Relative small size Low noise level

Forward-curved blades for high flow, Low pressure applications. The fluid velocity at the exit is larger than the tip speed of the impeller

FANS
Backward Curve Centrifugal Fan

Operating Range = 40-85% of wide open.


Operates with changing static pressure

Suited for high flow and forced draft services


Efficiency >85%

FANS

High pressure and temp. Simple design High durability Efficiency up to 75% Large running clearances

Suitable for High speeds, Low volumes, and High pressures.


Vacuum Cleaners

FANS

FAN LAWS
Fan Law 1 Impeller diameter (D) constant, Change in RPM

FAN LAWS
Change in Fan Size

FAN LAWS

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