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Why Efficiency in Thermal Power Plant Is Low

Thermal power plants have low efficiency between 30-35% primarily due to heat loss in the condenser which is necessary for heat rejection and driving the turbine. They operate on the Rankine cycle. The generation voltage is between 11kV to 33kV which provides an optimum balance between the current and voltage conductors can withstand. Major circuits include coal/ash, air/gas, cooling water, and feed water/steam. Efficiency can be improved by increasing steam temperature/pressure, reducing condenser pressure, and reheating steam between turbine stages.

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289 views1 page

Why Efficiency in Thermal Power Plant Is Low

Thermal power plants have low efficiency between 30-35% primarily due to heat loss in the condenser which is necessary for heat rejection and driving the turbine. They operate on the Rankine cycle. The generation voltage is between 11kV to 33kV which provides an optimum balance between the current and voltage conductors can withstand. Major circuits include coal/ash, air/gas, cooling water, and feed water/steam. Efficiency can be improved by increasing steam temperature/pressure, reducing condenser pressure, and reheating steam between turbine stages.

Uploaded by

Nallathambi
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Why efficiency in Thermal Power Plant is Low?

Almost 50% of the heat generated is lost at the condenser as heat rejection. It is unavoidable as with out heat rejection it is not possible to convert heat energy into mechanical energy and drive the turbine without drop in temperature. Therefore majority of the loss takes place in the condenser. Thus efficiency of the thermal power plant is between 30-35%.

On What Cycle does Thermal Power Plant operate?


Thermal Power plant works on the principle of Rankine cycle

Why Generation Voltage in Thermal Power Plant is between 11kV to 33kV?


The current carrying conductor cross section depends upon the magnitude of the current it is carrying and insulation strength of the conductor depends on the maximum voltage it can withstand. Therefore while designing the generator an optimum value is chosen between the amount of the current and voltage conductor can withstand.

What are the different circuits in Thermal Power Plant?


Some of the major circuits in the thermal power plant are:

Coal and Ash circuit Air and gas circuit Cooling water circuit Feed water and steam flow circuit

How efficiency of Thermal Plant can be improved?


Some of the methods by which the efficiency of the thermal plant can be improved are:

By increasing the temperature and pressure of the steam entering the turbine By reducing the pressure in the condenser By reheating the steam between different stages between the turb

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