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Characteristic of Rupa

The document discusses the Buddhist concept of rupa or matter. It defines rupa as that which undergoes change due to external conditions like heat and cold. It outlines that Buddhist texts enumerate 28 types of material phenomena (rupadhamma) which are grouped into primary elements and those derived from them. These rupadhamma make up the basic constituents of material existence and are not further reducible to any other substance.

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645 views1 page

Characteristic of Rupa

The document discusses the Buddhist concept of rupa or matter. It defines rupa as that which undergoes change due to external conditions like heat and cold. It outlines that Buddhist texts enumerate 28 types of material phenomena (rupadhamma) which are grouped into primary elements and those derived from them. These rupadhamma make up the basic constituents of material existence and are not further reducible to any other substance.

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susworchan
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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The Analysis of Matter The Rupa-matter is to be deformed, disturbed, knocked about, oppressed and broken.

The commentators maintain that matter is so called because it undergoes and imposes alternation owing to adverse physical conditions such as cold and heart, etc. Characteristic of Rupa The commentaries define rupa in the sense of matter which has the characteristic of ruppana (mutability of matter) and the characteristic of ruppana is often paraphrased as vikara; the alternation matter as cold and heat, etc. In the Sarvastivada Abhidhamma, we find a different definition of Matter that has the characteristic of Pratighata (resistance). 28 rupadhama grouping into Mahabhuta and Upadarupa The Abhiddhamma enumerates 28 types of material Dhammas, which are briefly comprised in two general categories: the four great material Dhammas (mahabhuta) as the primary elements of earth, water, fire and air, and 24 material Dhammas derived from the four great material dhammas (upadayarupa) as dependent upon the four mahabuta. As to the relative position of thees two categories, we have a clear statement in the Patthana of the Abhiddhamma Pitaka. As mentioned here, the four mahabhutas are conditioned by way of co-nascence (sahajata), support (nissaya), presence (atthi), and non-disappearnce (avigata) in relation to upada-rupas. Defining the term Rupadhamma into 27/28 & nipphannarupa and anipphannarupa The Material dhammas are the basic constituents in which the whole of material existence is reduced. Their aggregation and interaction explains the variety and diversity of the physical phenomena of our world of experience. Apart from these material dhammas, no other matter is recognized. What is called material substance is explained the way as a product of our own imagination. Although the Abhidhamma Pitaka refers to twenty-seven material dhammas, the Pali commentaries, by adding the heart-base, have increased the number to twenty-eight: (1) Four great elements, (2) Five sense-organs, (3) The objective sense-fields, (4) two sexual rupadhammas, (5) Hadaya-vatthu, (6) life faculty, (7) ahararupa, (8) akasadhatu, (9) Two modes of self-expression, (10) Three characteristic of matter and (11) Four phase of matters. All these 28 types of material Dhammas are distributed into eleven general classes. Seven of these are called concretely produced matter (nipphannarupa 1-7), since they possess intrinsic natures and are thus suitable for contemplation and comprehension by insight. The other four classes, being more abstract in nature, are called non-concretely produced matter (anipphannarupa 8-11). 28 rupadhamma in 11 ayantana & Rupadhamma found in Sutta The 28 material dhammas are represented in the list of twelve ayatanas except manayatana and the sixteen material dhammas are included in dhammayatana called dhammayatana-rupa in Theravada Abhidhamma, but in Savastivada, on the other hand, there is only one dhammayanata-rupa called avijnapti-rupa. However, the dhammayatana-rupa in Abhidhamma is connected with the early Buddhist teachings in Sangiti sutta (DN). The sutta says that all materiality is of three kinds: (a) visible and impinging (sanidassana-sappatigha), (b) non-visible and impinging (anidassana-sappatigha), and (c) non-visible and non-impinging (anidassana-appatigha). But, among the sixteen material dhammas under dhammayatana, only five can be traced in the Pali suttas (apo-dhatu, itthindriya, purisindriya, kabalikara-ahara and akasa-dhatu). As we have already observed, rupadhammas are the basic constituents of mental and material existence. Therefore, none of them is further reducible to any other reality.

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