Scribd
Upload
362 views2 pages

Urea Cycle

The urea cycle functions to dispose of amino groups from amino acid metabolism. It occurs in the liver and kidney. Amino groups from amino acids enter the cycle through glutamate and aspartate. Ammonia also enters through carbamoyl phosphate synthetase. Urea is the end product excreted. The cycle is regulated by the availability of amino groups and ammonia.

Uploaded by

youngdandare
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
362 views2 pages

Urea Cycle

The urea cycle functions to dispose of amino groups from amino acid metabolism. It occurs in the liver and kidney. Amino groups from amino acids enter the cycle through glutamate and aspartate. Ammonia also enters through carbamoyl phosphate synthetase. Urea is the end product excreted. The cycle is regulated by the availability of amino groups and ammonia.

Uploaded by

youngdandare
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

• C H A P T E R • 18 •

UREA CYCLE
•

• • • • • • • • • • • •

UREA CYCLE
Function: To provide a route to dispose of the amino groups
from amino acids during their metabolism.
Location: Liver, kidney
Connections: From amino groups of amino acids through gluta-
mate and glutamate dehydrogenase
From amino groups of amino acids through aspartate and ar-
gininosuccinate synthase
From ammonia through carbamoyl phosphate synthetase
To urea
Regulation: Primarily by availability of amino groups and ammonia
Equation:

NH4  CO2  Asp  2ATP ¡


NH2C(“O)NH2  fumarate  2ADP  2Pi

Glu  NAD  CO2  Asp  2ATP ¡


NH2C(“O)NH2  -ketoglutarate  fumarate  2ADP  2Pi

(See Fig. 18-1.)

225

BG McGraw-Hill: Gilbert, Basic Concepts in Biochemistry, JN 5036


• 226 • Basic Concepts in Biochemistry

ketoacid

amino acid
Glutamate 
amino groups into NAD
glutamate
glutamate via
dehydrogenase NADH
transamination
2-ketoglutarate 
NH4  CO2  2ATP

carbamoyl phosphate
synthetase
O O

—
—


H2N— C — NH2 NH3 H2N— C — O — P
urea carbamoyl phosphate
—
—
—
—
—
NH2 omithine NH2
—

—
C — NH2 citrulline C—O
 —
—

arginine
NH NH
—
—

—
— —
—
—
— —
— 
argininosuccinate  CO2
H3N —
NH2
 ATP CO
—

 CO2 2
O2 C
C — NH — aspartate
ketoacid

CO
—

amino groups into


CO2 2
aspartate via
NH
fumarate transamination
—

—
— amino acid
Oxaloacetate
—
—

Figure 18-1 The Urea Cycle

BG McGraw-Hill: Gilbert, Basic Concepts in Biochemistry, JN 5036

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy