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PC 3 2 Notes W Graphs

This document discusses logarithmic functions and their graphs. It begins by asking students to sketch the functions f(x) = 3x and its inverse on a coordinate plane. It then defines logarithmic functions as the inverses of exponential functions of the form f(x) = ax, and discusses their basic properties and characteristics. The remainder of the document consists of examples evaluating logarithmic expressions, solving logarithmic equations, and sketching logarithmic graphs. It focuses on teaching students the key aspects of logarithmic functions and their inverses.

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189 views4 pages

PC 3 2 Notes W Graphs

This document discusses logarithmic functions and their graphs. It begins by asking students to sketch the functions f(x) = 3x and its inverse on a coordinate plane. It then defines logarithmic functions as the inverses of exponential functions of the form f(x) = ax, and discusses their basic properties and characteristics. The remainder of the document consists of examples evaluating logarithmic expressions, solving logarithmic equations, and sketching logarithmic graphs. It focuses on teaching students the key aspects of logarithmic functions and their inverses.

Uploaded by

api-261956805
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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3.

2: Logarithmic Functions and Their Graphs


Ex. 1) Sketch () = 3 and 1 () the same coordinate plane.

Every function of the form f (x) = ax passes the Horizontal Line Test and therefore must
have an inverse function. This inverse function is called the logarithmic function with
base a.

The equations = log and = are equivalent


Ex. 2) Write the given logarithmic equations in exponential form:
a) log 9

1
81

= 2

b) log 64 8 = 2

Ex. 3) Write the given exponential equations in logarithmic form:


a) 3 = 343

b) 8 = 300

Ex. 4) Evaluate the following without a calculator:


a) log 7 49
1

b) log 3 9

The logarithmic function with base 10 is called the common logarithmic function. It is
denoted by log10 or simply by log.
The following properties follow directly from the definition of the logarithmic function with
base a.

Ex. 5) Use these properties to evaluate each of the following:


a) log 5 1

b) log 11 11

c) 8log8 30

Ex. 6) Solve each of the following equations:


a) log 5 = log 5 16

b) log(4 3) = log( + 2)

c) log 3 ( 2 + 4) = log 3 29

d) ln( + 4) = ln 12

e) ln( 7) = ln 7

The following summarizes the basic characteristics of logarithmic graphs:


Graph of y = loga x, a 1
Domain: (0, )
Range: (, )
x-intercept: (1, 0)
Increasing
One-to-one, therefore has an
inverse function

Ex. 7) State the x-intercept and vertical asymptote then sketch () = log 2

Ex. 8) State the x-intercept and vertical asymptote then sketch () = ln + 8


y

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