Hardy Cross Example

Given Information:
Pipe Data
Pipe No.
(Line)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

Nodes
A-1
1-2
1-4
4-2
3-2
3-4
B-3

Length
(ft)
1000
800
700
750
600
800
900

Diameter
(in)
12
8
8
6
8
8
10

Friction
Factor (f)
0.015
0.019
0.019
0.02
0.019
0.019
0.017

Area
(sq. ft)
0.780
0.350
0.350
0.196
0.350
0.350
0.550

K
0.38
2.89
2.53
12.13
2.17
2.89
0.94

Junction Data
Junction Elevation Demand
Node
(ft)
(cfs)
1
320
2
2
330
4
3
310
1
4
300
3
Total Demand:
10

Hardy Cross Implementation (Solve for Q in all pipes)

Loop I

Loop II

Loop III

Pipe No.

Nodes

2
4
3

1-2
4-2
1-4

2.89
12.13
2.53

5
6
4
1
7
2
5
No Flow Pipe

2-3
3-4
1-4
A-1
B-3
1-2
2-3
A-B

2.17
2.89
12.13
0.38
0.94
2.89
2.17

Iteration 1
Assumed
Q

Iteration 2
HL

abs(HL/Q)

2
-0.5
-2
Sum:

11.56
-3.03
-10.12
-1.59

5.78
6.07
5.06
16.91

-1.5
1.5
0.5
Sum:

-4.88
6.50
3.03
4.65

3.26
4.34
6.07
13.66

-6
4
-2
1.5
0
Sum:

-13.68
15.04
-11.56
4.88

2.28
3.76
5.78
3.26

-5.32

15.08

Delta

Q
2.20
-0.28
-1.95

0.0471
-1.52
1.33
0.28
-0.1704
-6.16
3.84
-2.20
1.52
0
-0.1553

Final Answer: Flow in each line

Nodes
A-1
1-2
1-4
4-2
2-3
3-4
B-3

K
0.38
2.89
2.53
12.13
2.17
2.89
0.94

Q (cfs)
6.29
2.13
2.16
0.32
1.55
1.16
3.71

HL (ft)
15.0
13.1
11.8
1.3
5.2
3.9
12.9

Iteration 3
HL

abs(HL/Q)

14.02
-0.97
-9.65
3.40

6.36
3.43
4.94
14.73

-4.98
5.11
0.97
1.10

3.29
3.84
3.43
10.56

-14.40
13.89
-14.02
4.98

2.34
3.61
6.36
3.29

-9.54

15.61

Delta

HL

abs(HL/Q)

2.10
-0.35
-2.07

12.77
-1.45
-10.82
0.49

6.07
4.20
5.23
15.50

-5.23
4.72
1.45
0.94

3.37
3.69
4.20
11.26

-14.47
13.79
-12.77
5.23

2.34
3.60
6.07
3.37

-8.22

15.39

-0.1154
-1.55
1.28
0.35
-0.0519
-6.17
3.83
-2.10
1.55
0
-0.0147

Iteration 4
Delta

HL

2.14
-0.32
-2.08

13.28
-1.24
-10.99
1.05

-1.54
1.24
0.32

-5.12
4.41
1.24
0.54

-6.23
3.77
-2.14
1.54
0

-14.74
13.37
-13.28
5.12

-0.0158

-0.0418

-0.0580

-9.53

Iteration 5
abs(HL/Q)
6.20
3.88
5.27
15.35
3.33
3.57
3.88
10.79

Delta

15.44

HL

abs(HL/Q)

2.12
-0.33
-2.12

13.05
-1.32
-11.35
0.38

6.14
4.00
5.36
15.50

-5.18
4.24
1.32
0.37

3.35
3.50
4.00
10.85

-14.81
13.27
-13.05
5.18

2.37
3.53
6.14
3.35

-9.41

15.40

-0.0343
-1.55
1.21
0.33
-0.0249

2.37
3.55
6.20
3.33

-6.24
3.76
-2.12
1.55
0
-0.0153

Iteration 6
Delta

HL

abs(HL/Q)

2.13
-0.32
-2.13

13.13
-1.28
-11.49
0.37

6.16
3.94
5.39
15.49

-1.54
1.19
0.32

-5.17
4.12
1.28
0.23

3.35
3.45
3.94
10.74

-6.26
3.74
-2.13
1.54
0

-14.90
13.13
-13.13
5.17

2.38
3.51
6.16
3.35

-9.74

15.40

-0.0122

-0.0171

-0.0191

Iteration 7
Delta

HL

abs(HL/Q)

2.13
-0.33
-2.14

13.09
-1.29
-11.61
0.19

6.15
3.95
5.42
15.53

-5.18
4.05
1.29
0.15

3.35
3.42
3.95
10.73

-14.94
13.07
-13.09
5.18

2.38
3.51
6.15
3.35

-9.78

15.39

-0.0120
-1.55
1.18
0.33
-0.0106
-6.27
3.73
-2.13
1.55
0
-0.0086

Iteration 8
Delta

HL

abs(HL/Q)

Delta

2.13
-0.32
-2.15

13.10
-1.28
-11.68
0.14

6.15
3.94
5.44
15.53

-0.0046

-5.18
4.00
1.28
0.10

3.35
3.40
3.94
10.70

-0.0045

-14.98
13.02
-13.10
5.18

2.39
3.50
6.15
3.35

-9.88

15.39

-0.0061
-1.55
1.18
0.32
-0.0071
-6.28
3.72
-2.13
1.55
0
-0.0071

-0.0040

Iteration 9

Iteration 10

HL

abs(HL/Q)

2.13
-0.33
-2.15

13.10
-1.28
-11.73
0.08

6.15
3.94
5.45
15.54

-5.19
3.97
1.28
0.06

3.36
3.39
3.94
10.68

-15.00
12.99
-13.10
5.19

2.39
3.49
6.15
3.36

-9.91

15.39

-1.55
1.17
0.33
-6.28
3.72
-2.13
1.55
0

Delta

HL

abs(HL/Q)

2.13
-0.32
-2.16

13.10
-1.28
-11.76
0.06

6.15
3.94
5.45
15.55

-5.19
3.95
1.28
0.04

3.36
3.38
3.94
10.67

-15.01
12.97
-13.10
5.19

2.39
3.49
6.15
3.36

-9.95

15.39

-0.0027
-1.55
1.17
0.32
-0.0030
-6.28
3.72
-2.13
1.55
0
-0.0028

Iteration 11
Delta

Q
2.13
-0.32
-2.16

-0.0019
-1.55
1.17
0.32
-0.0019
-6.29
3.71
-2.13
1.55
0
-0.0017

Iteration 11

Iteration 12
HL

abs(HL/Q)

13.10
-1.28
-11.78
0.04

6.15
3.94
5.46
15.55

-5.19
3.94
1.28
0.03

3.36
3.37
3.94
10.67

-15.02
12.96
-13.10
5.19

2.39
3.49
6.15
3.36

-9.96

15.39

Delta

HL

abs(HL/Q)

2.13
-0.32
-2.16

13.10
-1.28
-11.79
0.02

6.15
3.94
5.46
15.55

-5.19
3.93
1.28
0.02

3.36
3.37
3.94
10.66

-15.02
12.95
-13.10
5.19

2.39
3.49
6.15
3.36

-9.98

15.39

-0.0012
-1.55
1.17
0.32
-0.0012
-6.29
3.71
-2.13
1.55
0
-0.0012

Iteration 13
Delta

HL

2.13
-0.32
-2.16

13.10
-1.28
-11.80
0.02

-1.55
1.16
0.32

-5.19
3.92
1.28
0.01

-6.29
3.71
-2.13
1.55
0

-15.03
12.95
-13.10
5.19

-0.0008

-0.0008

-0.0007

-9.99

Iteration 14
abs(HL/Q)
6.15
3.94
5.46
15.56
3.36
3.37
3.94
10.66

Delta

15.39

HL

abs(HL/Q)

2.13
-0.32
-2.16

13.10
-1.28
-11.81
0.01

6.15
3.94
5.47
15.56

-5.19
3.92
1.28
0.01

3.36
3.37
3.94
10.66

-15.03
12.95
-13.10
5.19

2.39
3.49
6.15
3.36

-9.99

15.39

-0.0005
-1.55
1.16
0.32
-0.0005

2.39
3.49
6.15
3.36

-6.29
3.71
-2.13
1.55
0
-0.0005

Iteration 15
Delta

HL

abs(HL/Q)

2.13
-0.32
-2.16

13.10
-1.28
-11.81
0.01

6.15
3.94
5.47
15.56

-1.55
1.16
0.32

-5.19
3.92
1.28
0.00

3.36
3.36
3.94
10.66

-6.29
3.71
-2.13
1.55
0

-15.03
12.94
-13.10
5.19

2.39
3.49
6.15
3.36

-9.99

15.39

-0.0003

-0.0003

-0.0003

Iteration 16
Delta

HL

abs(HL/Q)

Delta

-0.0002

2.13
-0.32
-2.16
Sum:

13.10
-1.28
-11.81
0.00

6.15
3.94
5.47
15.56

-0.0001

-0.0002

-1.55
1.16
0.32
Sum:

-5.19
3.91
1.28
0.00

3.36
3.36
3.94
10.66

-0.0001

-15.03
12.94
-13.10
5.19

2.39
3.49
6.15
3.36

-0.0002

-6.29
3.71
-2.13
1.55
0
Sum:

-10.00

15.39

-0.0001