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Lubricant Alkalinity Potassium Hydroxide: Total Base Number (TBN) Is A Measure of A

Total base number (TBN) measures a lubricant's reserve alkalinity in milligrams of potassium hydroxide per gram. TBN determines how effective the lubricant is at controlling acids formed during combustion, with a higher TBN being more effective. TBN ranges from 6-80mg KOH/g in modern lubricants, with 7-10mg for automotive use and 10-15 for diesels. Marine lubricants range from 15-50mgKOH/g but can be as high as 70-80mg to allow for longer periods between changes under harsh conditions. A TBN below 1mg KOH/g means the lubricant is inadequate for engine protection.

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144 views3 pages

Lubricant Alkalinity Potassium Hydroxide: Total Base Number (TBN) Is A Measure of A

Total base number (TBN) measures a lubricant's reserve alkalinity in milligrams of potassium hydroxide per gram. TBN determines how effective the lubricant is at controlling acids formed during combustion, with a higher TBN being more effective. TBN ranges from 6-80mg KOH/g in modern lubricants, with 7-10mg for automotive use and 10-15 for diesels. Marine lubricants range from 15-50mgKOH/g but can be as high as 70-80mg to allow for longer periods between changes under harsh conditions. A TBN below 1mg KOH/g means the lubricant is inadequate for engine protection.

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Total base number (TBN) is a measure of a lubricant's reserve alkalinity.

It is measured in milligrams of potassium hydroxide per gram (mg


KOH/g).[citation needed]
TBN determines how effective the control of acids formed will be during the combustion process. The higher the TBN, the more effective it is in
suspending wear-causing contaminants and reducing the corrosive effects of acids over an extended period of time. The associated
measurement ASTM D2896 and ASTM D4739 Template:-06 removed as refers to method edition not method generally range from 6-80mg
KOH/g in modern lubricants, 7-10mg for general automotive use and 10-15 for Diesel operations.
Marine grade lubricants generally will run from 15-50mgKOH/g, but can be as high as 70 or 80mg KOH/g. This high level is designed to allow a
longer operating period between lubricant changes under harsh operating conditions. When the TBN is measured at 1mg KOH/g or less the
lubricant is considered inadequate for engine protection, and is at risk for allowing corrosion to take place. [citation needed] Fuels containing a higher
amount of sulfur will decrease the TBN sooner due to the increased formation of sulfuric acid.
In other words when we buy new engine oil, it has a 'base reserve' built into the additive package, which is designed to neutralize the acids as
they are produced. As with all acid base reactions, the 'base reserve' is used up in the process of neutralizing these acids.
This Base reserve is called the Total Base Number which is a measure of the level of BASE in the oil and is determined by measuring the amount
of acid required to neutralize the base, the resulting number is expressed as an equivalent amount of potassium hydroxide in 1 gram of oil
(mgKOH/gm).
In the average engine oil, the starting TBN is usually around 6 to 9, however if we are looking to extended drain interval oils, we need to increase
the initial TBN so we don't allow the reserve to be depleted before the oil is drained. In some oils, a starting TBN 15 is not un-common and a
depletion level should never get below TBN 3, which is a signal to change the oil.
TBN is also a useful tool in assessing an engines combustion efficiency, if rapid depletion is observed. If an engine's combustion is inefficient, unburned diesel will enter the oil as blow-by, forming acids and using up TBN reserves. Exhaust emissions will often be visible as excessive smoke
which in extreme cases will form 'wet' soot with large soot particles on the exhaust which will have a detrimental effect on engine wear.
Have your TBN checked periodically in your engine to monitor combustion efficiency.
Remember when practicing extended drain intervals in engines, always have your TBN checked, which with viscosity is used as a drain indicator.

Jumlah dasar (TBN) adalah ukuran cadangan alkalinitas pelumas itu. Hal ini
diukur dalam miligram kalium hidroksida per gram (mg KOH / g).
TBN menentukan seberapa efektif mengendalikan asam yang terbentuk akan
selama proses pembakaran. Semakin tinggi TBN, semakin efektif dalam
menangguhkan kontaminan memakai penyebab dan mengurangi efek korosif
dari asam selama jangka waktu. Terkait pengukuran ASTM D2896 dan ASTM
D4739 Template: -06 dihapus karena mengacu pada metode edisi tidak metode
umumnya berkisar dari 6-80mg KOH / g dalam pelumas modern, 7-10mg untuk
penggunaan otomotif umum dan 10-15 untuk operasi Diesel.
Pelumas kelas laut umumnya akan berjalan dari 15-50mgKOH / g, tetapi dapat
sebagai tinggi sebagai 70 atau 80mg KOH / g. Tingkat tinggi ini dirancang untuk
memungkinkan periode operasi yang lebih lama antara perubahan pelumas
dalam kondisi operasi yang keras. Ketika TBN diukur pada 1 mg KOH / g atau
kurang pelumas dianggap tidak memadai untuk perlindungan mesin, dan
berisiko untuk memungkinkan korosi berlangsung. Bahan Bakar mengandung
jumlah yang lebih tinggi dari sulfur akan menurunkan TBN cepat karena
peningkatan pembentukan asam sulfat.

Dengan kata lain ketika kita membeli oli mesin baru, ia memiliki 'dasar
cadangan' yang dibangun ke dalam paket aditif, yang dirancang untuk
menetralkan asam seperti yang dihasilkan. Seperti dengan semua reaksi asam
basa, 'dasar cadangan' digunakan dalam proses menetralkan asam ini.
Cadangan Basis ini disebut Nomor Jumlah Basis yang merupakan ukuran tingkat
BASE dalam minyak dan ditentukan dengan mengukur jumlah asam yang
diperlukan untuk menetralkan dasar, angka yang dihasilkan dinyatakan sebagai
jumlah yang setara dengan kalium hidroksida dalam 1 gram minyak (mgKOH /
gm).
Dalam oli mesin rata-rata, TBN mulai biasanya sekitar 6 sampai 9, namun jika
kita ingin diperpanjang minyak selang drain, kita perlu meningkatkan TBN awal
sehingga kami tidak mengijinkan cadangan yang akan habis sebelum minyak
dikeringkan . Dalam beberapa minyak, yang mulai TBN 15 tidak un-umum dan
tingkat deplesi harus tidak pernah mendapatkan bawah TBN 3, yang merupakan
sinyal untuk mengubah minyak.
TBN juga merupakan alat yang berguna dalam menilai efisiensi mesin
pembakaran, jika deplesi cepat diamati. Jika pembakaran mesin adalah tidak
efisien, un-dibakar diesel akan memasuki minyak sebagai blow-by, membentuk
asam dan menggunakan cadangan TBN. Emisi gas buang akan sering terlihat
seperti asap yang berlebihan yang dalam kasus yang ekstrim akan membentuk
'basah' jelaga dengan partikel jelaga besar pada knalpot yang akan memiliki efek
yang merugikan pada keausan mesin.
Memiliki TBN Anda diperiksa secara berkala dalam mesin Anda untuk memantau
efisiensi pembakaran.
Ingat ketika berlatih interval menguras diperpanjang dalam mesin, selalu
memiliki TBN Anda diperiksa, yang dengan viskositas digunakan sebagai
indikator tiriskan.

Fungsi pelumas
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Melumasi komponen yang bergerak dan tidak bergerak


Mengurangi keausan komponen yang bergerak dan tidak bergerak
Menyerap/menghantar panas (pendingin)
Merapatkan antarkomponen yang bergerak dan tidak (seal)
Menghantar energi/tenaga
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Mencegah pengkaratan komponen
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