Power Control

BSSPAR1: Chapter 6
Power Control

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Power Control

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Power Control

Module Objectives
Explain the motivation for power control
Indicate the BSS parameters required for power control in general
(output power levels, fixed step sizes)
Describe the principle steps to be executed for power control
(averaging, triggering, power change step size estimation)
Discuss the algorithms used to estimate the power change step size,
when the power has to be increased / decreased due to signal level /
quality
Explain the motivation for power optimisation
Indicate the BSS parameters required for power optimisation
Discuss, how power control and traffic channel allocation are
modified by power optimisation
AMR Power Control is presented in chapter on AMR

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Power Control

Power Control Motivation

Reduced
interference on
DL/UL
Longer service time of battery
Realization of power class
Supported by default on UL
Activation of DL power control
powerCtrlEnabled (PENA)

Y,N

Power control independent

for DL and UL
for each call

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Power Control

Power Control Parameter

Output Power Limits
Maximum MS output power

Power
class
dependent
range
Power Values

msTxPwrMaxGSM
(PMAX1)
msTxPwrMaxGSM1x00
TCH (PMAX2)
msTxPwrMaxCCH
(TXP1)
msTxPwrMaxCCH1x00
(TXP2)

5..39 dBm GSM 900 TCH

0..36/32,33 dBm GSM 1800/1900
5..39 dBm GSM 900 CCH
0..30 dBm GSM 1800 CCH
0..32 dBm GSM 1900 CCH

Minimum MS output power

minMSTxPower (PMIN)

5..39 dBm GSM 900

0..36 dBm GSM 1800
0..32 dBm GSM 1900

Maximum BTS output power (by minimum attenuation)

Attenuations
30 dB
Range

bsTxPwrMax (PMAX1)
bsTxPwrMax1x00 (PMAX2)

Minimum MS output power (by maximum attenuation)

bsTxPowerMin

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0..30 dB GSM 900

0..30 dB GSM 1800/1900

0..30 dB

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Power Control

Power Control Parameters

Power Change Step Sizes
Desired power level can be achieved in 1 or 2 commands

Yes

No

Fixed step size

Variable step size

Fixed increment step size

powerIncrStepSize (INC)

2,4,6 dB

Fixed decrement step size

powerDecrStepSize (RED)

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2,4,6 dB

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Power Control

Power Control Strategy

Measurement Averaging

POWER
POWER CONTROL
CONTROL
UPLINK
UPLINK
UL Quality

<Av_RXQUAL_UL>

UL Level

<Av_RXLEV_UL>

DL Quality

<Av_RXQUAL_DL>

DL Level

<Av_RXLEV_DL>

THRESHOLD
COMPARISON

POWER
POWER CONTROL
CONTROL
DOWNLINK
DOWNLINK

Power control interval

powerCtrlInterval (INT)

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0..31 s

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Power Control

Power Control Strategy

Triggering
Nx samples
Less than Px samples exceed threshold
No power change triggered
Actual average samples

threshold
Nx samples
Px samples are equal to or exceed threshold
Power change triggered

Signal level thresholds

pcUpperThresholdLevelDL/UL (UDR/UUR) -110..-47 dBm
pcLowerThresholdLevelDL/UL (LDR/LUR) -110..-47 dBm

Power change step size estimation

Signal quality thresholds

pcUpperThresholdQualDL/UL (UDR/UUR)
pcLowerThresholdQualDL/UL (LDR/LUR)

0..7
0..7

Number of average samples (for each threshold)

Nx
Px

1..32
1..32

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Power Control

Power Control Strategy

Scenarios

Exceeded threshold

Action

Reason

pcUpperThresholdLevelDL
pcLowerThresholdLevelDL
pcUpperThresholdLevelUL
pcLowerThresholdLevelUL

BTS power decrease

BTS power increase
MS power decrease
MS power increase

Signal level
Signal level
Signal level
Signal level

pcUpperThresholdQualDL
pcLowerThresholdQualDL
pcUpperThresholdQualUL
pcLowerThresholdQualUL

BTS power decrease

BTS power increase
MS power decrease
MS power increase

Signal quality
Signal quality
Signal quality
Signal quality

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Power Increase Due to Signal Level

For MS & BTS

Actual receive level RXLEV_DL/UL

pcLowerThresholdsLevelDL/UL

Power control triggered

UL: Power increase of MS
DL: Power increase of BTS

RXLEV_DL/UL > pcLowerThresholdLevelDL/UL - 2 powerIncrStepSize

Yes

10

No

Fixed step size

Variable step size

PWR_INCR_STEP = powerIncrStepSize

PWR_INCR_STEP = pcLowerThresholdLevelDL/UL
RXLEV_UL/DL

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Power Control

Power Decrease Due to Signal Level

For BTS

pcUpperThresholdsLevelDL

Actual received level RXLEV_DL

Power control triggered
Power decrease

RXLEV_DL < pcUpperThresholdLevelDL + 2 powerDecrStepSize OR

variableDLStepUse (VDLS) = No

Yes

No

Fixed step size

Variable step size

PWR_DECR_STEP = powerDecrStepSize

PWR_DECR_STEP = Min (RXLEV_DL

pcUpperThresholdLevelDL, 10)

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Power Control

Power Decrease Due to Signal Level

For MS

pcUpperThresholdsLevelUL

Actual received level RXLEV_UL

Power control triggered
Power decrease

RXLEV_UL < pcUpperThresholdLevelUL + 2 powerDecrStepSize

Yes

12

No

Fixed step size

Variable step size

PWR_DECR_STEP = powerDecrStepSize

PWR_DECR_STEP = RXLEV_UL
pcUpperThresholdLevelUL

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Power Control

Power Increase Due to Signal Quality

For MS & BTS

Actual receive quality RXQUAL_DL/UL

pcLowerThresholdsQualDL/UL

Power control triggered

UL: Power increase of MS
DL: Power increase of BTS

Variable step size based on actual quality

PWR_INCR_STEP = (1 + Max (0,QUAL)) * powerIncrStepSize
QUAL = RXQUAL_DL/UL pcLowerThresholdQualDL/UL
Take largest step size
Step size based on actual level
Take algorithm for power increase due to signal level

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Power Control

Power Decrease Due to Signal Quality

For MS & BTS with No Power Optimization

pcUpperThresholdsQualDL/UL

Actual received quality RXQUAL_DL/UL

Power control triggered

Actual RXLEV_DL/UL pcLowerThresholdLevelDL/UL < 6 dB

Yes

14

No

No power decrease

Power decrease

Avoid ping pong effect

Take algorithm for power decrease due to signal level

(different for MS & BTS power decrease)

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Power Control

Power Decrease Due to Signal Quality

Ping Pong Effect
Lower Level

Upper Level

Upper Quality

Lower Quality

Power decrement due to quality

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Power increment due to level

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Power Control

Power Control Summary

-110 dBm

Upper Level

Lower Level

-47 dBm

Qual 0

Power increase
due to level

6 dB

Power decrease
due to quality

Power decrease
due to level
or quality

Upper Quality

Power increase
due to level

No action

Power decrease
due to level

Lower Quality
Power increase
due to level
or quality

Power increase
due to quality

Power increase
due to quality

Qual 7
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Power Control

Power Control Parameters

Power Optimization

TRX Level

Activation of power optimisation

optimumRxLevDL (LEVD)
optimumRxLevUL (LEV)

-109..-47 dBm
-109..-47 dBm

BTS Level
Maximum decrement step size in dependence on signal quality
pwrDecrLimitBand0 (PD0)
pwrDecrLimitBand1 (PD1)
pwrDecrLimitBand2 (PD2)

0..38 dB
0..38 dB
0..38 dB

used for quality 0

used for quality 1
used for quality 2
and worse

Enable power decrement below optimum level for UL

powerDecrQualFactor (PDF)

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0,1

enabled, if set to 1

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Power Control

Power Decrease Due to Signal Quality

With Power Optimization

Power
Power decrease
decrease step
step size
size for
for MS
MS
PWR_DECR_STEP
PWR_DECR_STEP == Min
Min (pwrDecrLimit,
(pwrDecrLimit, Max
Max (A,B))
(A,B))
A
A == Max
Max (0,
(0, RXLEV_UL
RXLEV_UL -- optimumRxLevUL)
optimumRxLevUL)
B
B == (powerDecrQualFactor
(powerDecrQualFactor ++ Max
Max (0,QUAL))
(0,QUAL)) ** powerDecrStepSize
powerDecrStepSize
with
with QUAL
QUAL == pcUpperThreshold
pcUpperThreshold -- <RXQUAL_UL>
<RXQUAL_UL>
Term
Term A:
A: Would
Would bring
bring actual
actual receive
receive level
level exactly
exactly to
to optimum
optimum level
level
Term
Term B:
B: Considers
Considers difference
difference between
between average
average receive
receive quality
quality and
and threshold
threshold quality
quality

Power
Power decrease
decrease step
step size
size for
for BTS
BTS
PWR_DECR_STEP
PWR_DECR_STEP == Min
Min [Min
[Min (pwrDecrLimit,
(pwrDecrLimit, Max
Max (A,B)),10]
(A,B)),10]

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Power Control

TCH Allocation
With Power Optimization

Modified maximum acceptable interference level

Call set up or intra cell handover

MAX_INTF_LEV = max (min (RXLEV_UL + msTxPrwMax - MS_TXPWR, optimumRxLevUL),

RXLEV_UL + msTxPrwMin - MS_TXPWR) - cnThreshold

Inter cell handover

MAX_INTF_LEV = max (min (AV_RXLEV_NCELL (n) - rxLevBalance, optimumRxLevUL (n)),

AV_RXLEV_NCELL (n) - rxLevBalance +
msTxPrwMin (n) - msTxPrwMax (n)) - cnThreshold (n)

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Power Control

Optimization of MS Power Level

In call setup
MS_TXPWR_OPT =
MsTxPwrMaxGSM(BTS) - MAX( 0,( RXLEV_UL - OptimumRxLevUL ))
RXLEV_UL is measured during the initial signalling period of call set-up
RXLEV_UL is the uplink signal level when the mobile station is transmitting at the
maximum RF power that an MS is permitted to use on a channel in the serving
cell.

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Power Control

Optimization of MS Power Level

Intra-BSC handover
When the handover to be performed is an inter-cell handover, the optimisation is
controlled by the parameter MS pwr opt level(n).
When the handover to be performed is an intra-cell handover, the optimisation is
controlled by the parameter optimum RX level uplink.
Inter-Cell
Handover

MS_TXPWR_OPT(n) =
MsTxPwrMaxGSM(ADJ)(n) - MAX(0,(AV_RXLEV_NCELL(n) - MsPwrOptLevel(n)))
AV_RXLEV_NCELL(n) is the averaged downlink signal level of the adjacent cell (n)
MsPwrOptLevel(n) (POPT) is set for each adjacent cell

Intra-Cell
Handover

MS_TXPWR_OPT = MsTxPwrMaxGSM(BTS) MAX( 0,(AV_RXLEV_UL_HO+(MsTxPwrMaxGSM(BTS)-MS_TXPWR)-OptimumRxLevUL)

)
OptimumRxLevUL (LEV) is set for every TRX

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Power Control

AMR Power Control

AMR FR

AMR HR

Exceeded threshold
AMR Power Control FR PC Lower
Threshold DL Rx Qual
AMR Power Control FR PC Lower
Threshold UL Rx Qual
AMR Power Control FR PC Upper
Threshold DL Rx Qual
AMR Power Control FR PC Upper
Threshold UL Rx Qual
AMR Power Control HR PC Lower
Threshold DL Rx Qual
AMR Power Control HR PC Lower
Threshold UL Rx Qual
AMR Power Control HR PC Upper
Threshold DL Rx Qual
AMR Power Control HR PC Upper
Threshold UL Rx Qual

Action
Reason
BTS power increase Poor DL signal quality
MS power increase

Poor UL signal quality

BTS power decrease Good DL signal quality

MS power decrease Good UL signal quality
BTS power increase Poor DL signal quality
MS power increase

Poor UL signal quality

BTS power decrease Good DL signal quality

MS power decrease Good UL signal quality

Details in chapter on AMR

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Power Control

AMR Progressive Power Control

AMR PPC provides mechanism to change quality thresholds depending

on used power level so that it favours increase of power with low power
levels and avoid increase of power with higher power levels. Following
results are striven by this:

Better power distribution - introducing less interference to the

network
Better quality distribution - yielding to better speech codec
distribution

Details in chapter on AMR

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