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Navier Stokes

The document discusses the Navier-Stokes equations, which describe the motion of viscous fluid substances. It covers the derivation of the equations using the conservation principle and control volume approach. The equations contain convective terms describing fluid motion and forcing terms like gravity, pressure, and viscosity. Solving the equations is challenging and the document discusses some simple examples like Couette flow between moving plates and Poiseuille flow driven by an external pressure gradient.

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472 views36 pages

Navier Stokes

The document discusses the Navier-Stokes equations, which describe the motion of viscous fluid substances. It covers the derivation of the equations using the conservation principle and control volume approach. The equations contain convective terms describing fluid motion and forcing terms like gravity, pressure, and viscosity. Solving the equations is challenging and the document discusses some simple examples like Couette flow between moving plates and Poiseuille flow driven by an external pressure gradient.

Uploaded by

vincent02hk_57881301
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The Navier-Stokes Equations

Academic Resource Center

Outline
Introduction: Conservation Principle

Derivation by Control Volume


Convective Terms
Forcing Terms
Solving the Equations
Guided Example Problem

Interactive Example Problem

'1 ...

Academic ~~:

Resource Center
ILLI NOIS INSTITUTE OF TECH NOLOGY

Transforming Lives. Inventing the Future. www.iit.edu

Control Volume

Derivation of Convective Terms

Derivation of Convective Terms

Derivation of Convective Terms

Derivation of Forcing Terms

Control Volume

Derivation of Forcing Terms: Gravity

Derivation of Forcing Terms: Gravity

Derivation of Forcing Terms: Gravity

Derivation of Forcing Terms: Pressure

Derivation of Forcing Terms: Pressure

Derivation of Forcing Terms: Viscosity

Derivation of Forcing Terms: Viscosity


Unlike pressure, which is has one force couple per
direction, shear stress has three force couples in each
direction

Derivation of Forcing Terms: Viscosity

Derivation of Forcing Terms: Viscosity

Derivation of Forcing Terms: Viscosity

Derivation of Forcing Terms: Viscosity

Derivation

Solving the Equations


How the fluid moves is determined by the initial and
boundary conditions; the equations remain the same

Depending on the problem, some terms may be considered


to be negligible or zero, and they drop out
In addition to the constraints, the continuity equation
(conservation of mass) is frequently required as well. If
heat transfer is occuring, the N-S equations may be
coupled to the First Law of Thermodynamics (conservation
of energy)

Solving the Equations


Solving the equations is very difficult except for simple
problems. Mathematicians have yet to prove general
solutions exist, and is considered the sixth most important
unsolved problem in all of math!

Solving the Equations


In addition, the phenomenon of turbulence, caused by the
convective terms, is considered the last unsolved problem
of classical mechanics. We know more about quantum
particles and supernova than we do about the swirling of
creamer in a steaming cup of coffee!

Example Problems: Couette Flow


Set up the equations and boundary conditions to solve for
the following problem at steady state and fully developed:

Example Problems: Couette Flow

Example Problems: Couette Flow

Example Problems: Couette Flow

Example Problems: Couette Flow

Example Problems: Couette Flow

Example Problems: Couette Flow


Based on the simplified N-S equations, what physical
phenomenon is responsible for the velocity profile?

Example Problems: Poiseuille Flow


Consider the last problem, but without the moving wall and
with a pump providing a pressure gradient dP/dx

Example Problems: Couette Flow

Example Problems: Couette Flow

Example Problems: Poiseuille Flow


Now in addition to the viscosity forces, pressure is driving
the flow

Questions?

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