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4.7 Exercise 1 - Amines

1. Chloroethane reacts with excess ammonia to form aminoethane via nucleophilic substitution. Without excess ammonia, other products like chloroamine and amides can form. Aminoethane can also be prepared by reduction of nitriles or nitro compounds using reagents like LiAlH4. Reduction is likely to give a higher yield than substitution due to fewer possible side products. 2. Equations are given for various nucleophilic substitution and addition reactions between halomethanes/haloalkanes and amines. 3. Tetradecylammonium chloride is a quaternary ammonium salt. It could be used as a surfactant or disinfect

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Syed Muhammad Ashfaq Ashraf
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454 views1 page

4.7 Exercise 1 - Amines

1. Chloroethane reacts with excess ammonia to form aminoethane via nucleophilic substitution. Without excess ammonia, other products like chloroamine and amides can form. Aminoethane can also be prepared by reduction of nitriles or nitro compounds using reagents like LiAlH4. Reduction is likely to give a higher yield than substitution due to fewer possible side products. 2. Equations are given for various nucleophilic substitution and addition reactions between halomethanes/haloalkanes and amines. 3. Tetradecylammonium chloride is a quaternary ammonium salt. It could be used as a surfactant or disinfect

Uploaded by

Syed Muhammad Ashfaq Ashraf
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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4.

7 Exercise 1 amines
1.

a)
Write an equation for the reaction of chloroethane with excess ammonia to
form aminoethane and give a mechanism for the reaction.
b)
If excess ammonia is not used, a variety of other organic products are
formed. Write equations to show the formation of three other organic
products.
c)
Aminoethane can also be prepared by a reduction reaction. Identify a
starting compound that can be used to prepare aminoethane by reduction,
give the necessary reagent and write an equation for the reaction.
d)
Suggest, with a reason, which of the methods used in a) and c) is likely to
result in a higher yield of aminoethane.

2.

Write equations for the following reactions, showing clearly the structure of the
organic product:
a)
bromomethane with excess ammonia
b)
chloroethane with ammonia (1:1 ratio)
c)
bromomethane with aminoethane (1:1 ratio)
d)
2-chloropropane with N-methylaminoethane (1:1 ratio)
e)
bromoethane with N,N-diethylaminoethane (1:1 ratio)
f)
chloromethane with ammonia (3:1 ratio)
g)
propanenitrile with LiAlH4.

3.

a)
b)
c)

Draw the structure of tetradecylammonium chloride.


What type of compound is this this?
Suggest a use for this compound.

4.

a)

Write equations for the following reactions:


i)
ammonia with water
ii)
aminoethane with water
Suggest, with a reason, which of the solutions in a) will have a higher pH.
Write equations for the following reactions:
i)
aminoethane with HCl
ii)
N-methylaminomethane with sulphuric acid
iii)
N,N-dimethylaminoethane with HCl

b)
c)

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