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Drilling FLUID

Drilling fluids, also known as drilling muds, serve several important functions when drilling boreholes into the earth. Their primary functions are to maintain hydrostatic pressure to prevent formation fluids from entering the borehole, cool the drill bit, carry cuttings from the drill bit, lubricate the drill string, and suspend cuttings while drilling is paused. Drilling fluids are classified based on their principal component, which can be water, oil, or gas. Water-based muds are most commonly used, while oil-based muds require more stringent pollution controls and are used in specific situations. The performance of drilling fluids is affected by factors like viscosity, density, and pH, which must be considered along with formation properties when selecting

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191 views6 pages

Drilling FLUID

Drilling fluids, also known as drilling muds, serve several important functions when drilling boreholes into the earth. Their primary functions are to maintain hydrostatic pressure to prevent formation fluids from entering the borehole, cool the drill bit, carry cuttings from the drill bit, lubricate the drill string, and suspend cuttings while drilling is paused. Drilling fluids are classified based on their principal component, which can be water, oil, or gas. Water-based muds are most commonly used, while oil-based muds require more stringent pollution controls and are used in specific situations. The performance of drilling fluids is affected by factors like viscosity, density, and pH, which must be considered along with formation properties when selecting

Uploaded by

srikantaLee
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTRODUCING

DRILLING FLUIDS
In geotechnical engineering, drilling fluid is used to aid the Drilling of
boreholes into the earth and any composition, which is used to aid in
production and removal of cuttings from the well bore, is termed as drilling
fluid
Often used while drilling oil and natural gas wells and on exploration drilling
rigs, drilling fluids are also used for much simpler boreholes, such as water
wells
Liquid drilling fluid is often called drilling mud

Primary Functions of a Drilling Fluid

THE MAIN FUNCTIONS OF DRILLING FLUIDS INCLUDE PROVIDING HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE TO PREVENT FORMATION FLUIDS FROM
ENTERING INTO THE WELL BORE
COOL THE BIT
CARRYING OUT DRILL CUTTINGS
LUBRICATE THE DRILL STRING
SUSPENDING THE DRILL CUTTINGS WHILE DRILLING IS PAUSED
CONTROL FORMATION PRESSURES
MINIMIZING FORMATION DAMAGE

Principal Components of Drilling Fluids


DRILLING FLUID CAN BE CLASSIFIED ON THE BASIS OF
PRINCIPAL COMPONENT :
THESE COMPONENTS ARE :
(I) WATER
(II) OIL
(III) GAS

Selection of a Drilling Fluid:

Water based muds are the most commonly used drilling fluids.
Oil-based muds are generally more expensive and require stringent
pollution control measures and use for the down hole drilling
The use of gases as Drilling fluid is limited to the formations which are
impermeable

Factors influencing drilling fluid performance

THREE FACTORS AFFECTING DRILLING FLUID PERFORMANCE


ARE:
THE CHANGE OF DRILLING FLUID VISCOSITY
THE CHANGE OF DRILLING FLUID DENSITY
THE CHANGE OF MUD PH

Factors to consider when selecting a Drilling Fluid:


THE TYPES OF FORMATIONS TO BE DRILLED. DRILLING FLUID SHOULD BE
COMPATIBLE WITH THE FORMATION
THE WATER QUALITY AVAILABLE
THE PRESSURE RANGE OF FORMATION FLUIDS
THE RANGE OF TEMPERATURE, STRENGTH, AND PERMEABILITY EXHIBITED
BY THE FORMATIONS
ECOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS

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