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Boiler Material and Typical Applications

The document discusses boiler materials and their typical applications. It provides a table listing boiler material specifications, compositions, product forms, minimum tensile strengths, recommended maximum use temperatures, and application notes. Common materials include carbon steels, low-alloy steels, and high-temperature nickel and chromium alloys used for headers, drums, walls, enclosures, and superheaters. Material selection depends on factors like cost, required heat transfer, steam temperature, mass flow, and corrosion resistance.

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423 views1 page

Boiler Material and Typical Applications

The document discusses boiler materials and their typical applications. It provides a table listing boiler material specifications, compositions, product forms, minimum tensile strengths, recommended maximum use temperatures, and application notes. Common materials include carbon steels, low-alloy steels, and high-temperature nickel and chromium alloys used for headers, drums, walls, enclosures, and superheaters. Material selection depends on factors like cost, required heat transfer, steam temperature, mass flow, and corrosion resistance.

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mtbecerrap
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The Babcock & Wilcox Company

Table 1
Boiler Materials and Typical Applications (English Units)

Specification

SA-178A
SA-192
SA-178C
SA-210A1
SA-106B
SA-178D
SA-210C
SA-106C
SA-216WCB
SA-105
SA-181-70
SA-266Cl2
SA-516-70
SA-266Cl3
SA-299
SA-250T1a
SA-209T1a
SA-250T2
SA-213T2
SA-250T12
SA-213T12
SA-335P12
SA-250T11
SA-213T11
SA-335P11
SA-217WC6
SA-250T22
SA-213T22
SA-213T23
SA-335P22
SA-217WC9
SA-182F22Cl1
SA-336F22Cl1
SA-213T91
SA-335P91
SA-217C12A
SA-182F91
SA-336F91
SA-213T92
SA-213TP304H
SA-213TP347H
SA-213TP310H
SB-407-800H
SB-423-825

Nominal
Composition

C-Steel
C-Steel
C-Steel
C-Steel
C-Steel
C-Steel
C-Steel
C-Steel
C-Steel
C-Steel
C-Steel
C-Steel
C-Steel
C-Steel
C-Steel
C-Mo
C-Mo
1/2Cr-1/2Mo
1/2Cr-1/2Mo
1Cr-1/2Mo
1Cr-1/2Mo
1/2Cr-1/2Mo
1-1/4Cr-1/2Mo-Si
1-1/4Cr-1/2Mo-Si
1-1/4Cr-1/2Mo-Si
1-1/4Cr-1/2Mo
2-1/4Cr-1Mo
2-1/4Cr-1Mo
2-1/4Cr-W-V
2-1/4Cr-1Mo
2-1/4Cr-1Mo
2-1/4Cr-1Mo
2-1/4Cr-1Mo
9Cr-1Mo-V
9Cr-1Mo-V
9Cr-1Mo-V
9Cr-1Mo-V
9Cr-1Mo-V
9Cr-2W
18Cr-8Ni
18Cr-10Ni-Cb
25Cr-20Ni
Ni-Cr-Fe
Ni-Fe-Cr-Mo-Cu

Product
Form

ERW tube
Seamless tube
ERW tube
Seamless tube
Seamless pipe
ERW tube
Seamless tube
Seamless pipe
Casting
Forging
Forging
Forging
Plate
Forging
Plate
ERW tube
Seamless tube
ERW tube
Seamless tube
ERW tube
Seamless tube
Seamless pipe
ERW tube
Seamless tube
Seamless pipe
Casting
ERW tube
Seamless tube
Seamless tube
Seamless pipe
Casting
Forging
Forging
Seamless tube
Seamless pipe
Casting
Forging
Forging
Seamless tube
Seamless tube
Seamless tube
Seamless tube
Seamless tube
Seamless tube

Min
Tensile,
ksi

Min High Heat Other Furn SH


Unheated
Headers
Recomm
Yield, Input Furn Walls and
RH
Conn Pipe
and Pipe
Max Use
ksi
Walls
Enclosures Econ <10.75 in. OD >10.75 in. OD Drums Temp, F Notes

(47.0) (26.0)
(47.0) (26.0)
60.0
37.0
60.0
37.0
60.0
35.0
70.0
40.0
70.0
40.0
70.0
40.0
70.0
36.0
70.0
36.0
70.0
36.0
70.0
36.0
70.0
38.0
75.0
37.5
75.0
40.0
60.0
32.0
60.0
32.0
60.0
30.0
60.0
30.0
60.0
32.0
60.0
32.0
60.0
32.0
60.0
30.0
60.0
30.0
60.0
30.0
70.0
40.0
60.0
30.0
60.0
30.0
74.0
58.0
60.0
30.0
70.0
40.0
60.0
30.0
60.0
30.0
85.0
60.0
85.0
60.0
85.0
60.0
85.0
60.0
85.0
60.0
90.0
64.0
75.0
30.0
75.0
30.0
75.0
30.0
65.0
25.0
85.0
35.0

X
X
X
X

X
X
X
X

X
X
X
X

X
X

X
X

X
X
X

X
X
X

X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X

X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X

X
X

X
X
X
X
X
X

X
X
X
X
X
X

X
X

X
X

X
X
X
X

X
X

X
X

X
X

X
X

X
X

X
X
X
X

X
X

X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X

X
X

950
950
950
950
950
950
950
950
950
950
950
800
800
800
800
975
975
1025
1025
1050
1050
1050
1050
1050
1050
1100
1115
1115
1115
1100
1115
1115
1100
1150
1150
1200
1150
1150
1200
1400
1400
1500
1500
1000

1,2
1
2
3
2
3
3
3

4,5
4
6
6
5
5

Notes:
1. Values in parentheses are not required minimums, but are expected minimums.
2. Requires special inspection if used at 100% efficiency above 850F.
3. Limited to 800F maximum for piping 10.75 in. OD and larger and outside the boiler setting.
4. Limited to 875F maximum for applications outside the boiler setting.
5. Requires special inspection if used at 100% efficiency.
6. Maximum OD temperature is 1025F. Maximum mean metal temperature for Code calculations is l000F.

to enhance creep strength. A new family of Ni and NiCr-Co alloys is also available, specifically for advanced
supercritical and advanced supercritical boiler designs.
Fuel ash corrosion considerations might dictate the
use of higher alloys at lower temperatures. This is
common in process recovery and refuse-fired boilers
with very corrosive flue gas and ash. For example, SB407-825 (42Ni-21.5Cr-3Mo-2.25Cu-0.9Ti-bal Fe) is
used in the highly corrosive regions of refuse boiler
superheaters, even at temperatures below 1000F
(538C). In extreme cases, bimetallic tubes, with a core

7-22

of a Code material for pressure retention and a cladding of a corrosion resistant alloy, are used for both
furnace wall and superheater applications. Some common combinations are SA-210A1/304L, SA-210A1/
Alloy 825, and SB-407-800H/50Cr-50Ni.

Selection factors
Many factors influence material selection in a superheater. These include cost as well as performance
factors (heat transfer surface area required, final
steam temperature, total mass flow through the tubes,

Steam 41 / Metallurgy, Materials and Mechanical Properties

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