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1 Pass Assembler

This document discusses machine-independent loader features and options. It describes how loaders automatically incorporate routines from subprogram libraries, track unresolved external references, and search libraries to resolve these references. Loaders repeat the library search process until all references are resolved. Typical loader options allow selecting alternative input sources, deleting control sections or symbols, and specifying user libraries to search before standard system libraries.

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Saraswati Bhusanur
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100 views25 pages

1 Pass Assembler

This document discusses machine-independent loader features and options. It describes how loaders automatically incorporate routines from subprogram libraries, track unresolved external references, and search libraries to resolve these references. Loaders repeat the library search process until all references are resolved. Typical loader options allow selecting alternative input sources, deleting control sections or symbols, and specifying user libraries to search before standard system libraries.

Uploaded by

Saraswati Bhusanur
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Modific

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Modification
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Program A

Object Program of Program


A

Program B

Object Program of Program


B

Program C

Object Program of Program


C

MACHINE-INDEPENDENT LOADER FEATURES


Automatically incorporate routines from a
subprogram library into the program being loaded.
Keep track of external symbols that are referred
to, but not defined, in the primary input to the
loader.
At the end of Pass 1, the symbols in ESTAB that
remain undefined represent unresolved external
references.
The loader searches the library or libraries
specified for routines that contain the
definitions of these symbols, and processes the
subroutines found by this search exactly as if
they had been part of the primary input stream.

MACHINE-INDEPENDENT LOADER
FEATURES
(Conti)

The subroutines fetched from a library


in this way may themselves contain
external
references. It is therefore necessary to
repeat the library search process until
all references are resolved.
If unresolved external references remain
after the library search is completed,
these must be treated as errors.

Loader Options
Typical loader option 1:
Allows the selection of alternative
sources of
input.
Ex : INCLUDE program-name
(library-name) might direct the
loader to read the
designated object program from a
library and treat it as if it were part of
the primary loader input.

Loader Options
(Conti)
Loader option 2: Allows the user to
delete external symbols or entire control
sections.
Ex : DELETE csect-name might instruct the
loader to delete the named control section(s)
from the set of programs being loaded.
CHANGE name1, name2 might cause the
external symbol name1 to be changed to
name2 wherever it appears in the object
programs.

Loader Options
(Conti)

Loader option 3: Involves the


automatic inclusion of library
routines to satisfy external references.
Ex. : LIBRARY MYLIB
Such user-specified libraries are normally
searched before the standard system
libraries. This allows the user to use special
versions of the standard routines.

NOCALL STDDEV, PLOT, CORREL


To instruct the loader that these external
references are to remain unresolved.

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