Virtual private server

allocated to it by the hypervisor. As a VPS runs its own

copy of its operating system, customers have superuserlevel access to that operating system instance, and can install almost any software that runs on the OS; however,
due to the number of virtualization clients typically running on a single machine, a VPS generally has limited
processor time, RAM, and disk space.[1]
Although VMware and Hyper-V dominate in-house corporate virtualization, because of their cost and limitations
they are less common for VPS providers, which instead
typically use products such as OpenVZ, Virtuozzo, Xen
or KVM.
A virtual private server within a host

A virtual private server (VPS) is a virtual machine sold

as a service by an Internet hosting service.

2 Hosting

A VPS runs its own copy of an operating system, and customers have superuser-level access to that operating system instance, so they can install almost any software that
runs on that OS. For many purposes they are functionally equivalent to a dedicated physical server, and being
software-dened, are able to be much more easily created and congured. They are priced much lower than an
equivalent physical server, but as they share the underlying physical hardware with other VPSs, performance
may be lower, and may depend on the workload of other
instances on the same hardware node.

Main article: Comparison of platform virtualization

software
Many companies oer virtual private server hosting or
virtual dedicated server hosting as an extension for web
hosting services. There are several challenges to consider
when licensing proprietary software in multi-tenant virtual environments.
With unmanaged or self-managed hosting, the customer
is left to administer his own server instance.
Unmetered hosting is generally oered with no limit on
the amount of data-transferred on a xed bandwidth
line. Usually, unmetered hosting[2] is oered with 10
Mbit/s, 100 Mbit/s or 1000 Mbit/s (with some as high
as 10Gbit/s). This means that the customer is theoretically able to use ~3 TB on 10 Mbit/s or up to ~300 TB
on a 1000 Mbit/s line per month, although in practice
the values will be signicantly less. In a virtual private
server, this will be shared bandwidth and a fair usage
policy should be involved. Unlimited hosting is also commonly marketed but generally limited by acceptable usage
policies and terms of service. Oers of unlimited disk
space and bandwidth are always false due to cost, carrier
capacities and technological boundaries.

Virtualization

The force driving server virtualization is similar to

that which led to the development of time-sharing and
multiprogramming in the past. Although the resources
are still shared, as under the time-sharing model, virtualization provides a higher level of security, dependent on
the type of virtualization used, as the individual virtual
servers are mostly isolated from each other and may run
their own full-edged operating system which can be independently rebooted as a virtual instance.

Partitioning a single server to appear as multiple servers

has been increasingly common on microcomputers since
the launch of VMware ESX Server in 2001. The physical server typically runs a hypervisor which is tasked with 3 Cloud servers
creating, releasing, and managing the resources of guest
operating systems, or virtual machines. These guest operating systems are allocated a share of resources of the Main article: Cloud computing
physical server, typically in a manner in which the guest
is not aware of any other physical resources save for those A VPS which is dynamic (that is, it can be changed at
1

runtime) is often referred to as a cloud server.[3] Key attributes for this are:
Infrastructure as Code denes the 'physical' services
to be provided through a software denition
Additional hardware resources (CPU, RAM) can be
added on request
Additional servers can be brought on line and added
to a shared or load balanced pool dynamically. (Automatically according to load in some cases.)

See also
Emulator
Hybrid server
Linux-VServer
Operating-system-level virtualization
Paravirtualization
Remote Desktop Protocol
Secure Shell
Unix shell
Virtual machine
Virtual Private Network

References

[1] What is a virtual server?". Optimal IdM. Retrieved 3

August 2014.
[2] What is Unmetered hosting.
[3] Gruman, Galen (2008-04-07). What cloud computing
really means. InfoWorld. Retrieved 2009-06-02.

REFERENCES

Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses

6.1

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Virtual private server Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_private_server?oldid=719724448 Contributors: Maury Markowitz,

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