LAB # 9:

“Generation of Different Sequences Along with Basic Signal

x[n] = [ -1 for n < 0, 0 for n =0, 1 for n > 0]

[unit step sequence is generated by using ones()]

n = -10:10;

seq=[-ones(1,10) 0 ones(1,10)];

stem(seq),grid on

xlabel('Sample Number')

ylabel('Signal Amplitude')

%axis([-10 10 -1 1])

title('Unit Step Sequence')

0.8

0.6

0.4
Signal Amplitude

0.2

-0.2

-0.4

-0.6

-0.8

-1
0 5 10 15 20 25
Sample Number

TASK 2:
Generate unit sample sequence; create a vector from -10 to 20

[Unit sample sequence is generated by using zeroes()]

n = -10:20;

seq = [zeros(1,10) 1 zeros(1,20)];

stem(n,seq,'linewidth',3),grid on

xlabel('Time index seq')

ylabel('Amplitude')

title('Unit Sample Sequence')

axis([-10 20 0 2])
 Unit Sample Sequence
2

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2
Amplitude

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
-10 -5 0 5 10 15 20
Time index seq

TASK 3:
Delay a sequence. Sample code delays a sequence by 10 samples:

seq = 1:100;

subplot(2,1,1)

stem(seq),grid

axis([0 100 0 200])

xlabel('Time index seq')

ylabel('Amplitude')

title('Sequence');

seq_delay=[zeros(1,10) seq];

subplot(2,1,2)
stem(seq_delay),grid

axis([0 100 0 200])

xlabel('Time index seq')

ylabel('Amplitude')

title('Delayed Sequence')

Sequence
200

150
Amplitude

100

50

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Time index seq
Delayed Sequence
200

150
Amplitude

100

50

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Time index seq
 Sequence
200

150
Amplitude

100

50

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Time index seq
Delayed Sequence
200

150
Amplitude

100

50

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Time index seq

TASK 4:
Generate the cosine wave and its flipped wave.

n = -1:.001:1;

Y= 5*cos(2*pi*1*n);

subplot(2,1,1)

plot(n,Y,'g','linewidth',2),grid on

xlabel('time')

ylabel('Signal Amplitude')

title('Original cosine Wave')

plot(n,-Y,'r','linewidth',2),grid on

xlabel('Time')

ylabel('Signal Amplitude');

title('Flipped cosine Wave');

Original cosine Wave

-5
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
time
Flipped cosine Wave
5
Signal Amplitude

-5
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
Time

TASK 5:
Generate the exponential wave and its flipped wave.

n=-1:0.001:1;

Y=5*exp(i*n*pi/4);

subplot(2,1,1)
plot(n,Y,'g','linewidth',2),grid on

%axis([-1 1 3.5 5])

xlabel('time');

ylabel('Signal Amplitude')

title('Original Wave')

subplot(2,1,2)

plot(n,-Y,'r','linewidth',2),grid on

%axis([-1 1 -3.5 -5])

xlabel('Time')

ylabel('Signal Amplitude')

title('Flipped Wave')

Original Wave
5
Signal Amplitude

4.5

3.5
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
time
Flipped Wave
-3.5
Signal Amplitude

-4

-4.5

-5
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
Time
TASK 6:
Generate the flipped wave of the following expression:

X = 2*[n]+5*[n-1]+8*[n-2]+4*[n-3]+3*[n-4]

n = 0:0.1:4;

X = 2*[n]+5*[n-1]+8*[n-2]+4*[n-3]+3*[n-4];

subplot(2,1,1)

stem(n,X,'g','linewidth',1.5),grid on

xlabel('time')

ylabel('signal amplitude')

%axis([0 4 -50 50 ])

title('Original wave')

subplot(2,1,2)

stem(n,-X,'r','linewidth',1.5),grid on

xlabel('time')

ylabel('signal amplitude')

%axis([0 4 -50 50 ])

title('Flipped Wave')
 Original wave
50

signal amplitude

-50
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4
time
Flipped Wave
50
signal amplitude

-50
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4
time

TASK 7:
Generate a scaled and flipped sequence of the following expression:

Y=5*exp(i*n*pi/4)

n=1:0.2:7;

Y=5*exp(i*n*pi/4);

S=2;

subplot(2,1,1),grid on

stem(n,Y,'g','linewidth',1),grid on

%axis([1 7 -5 5])

xlabel('time')

ylabel('signal amplitude')
title('Original wave')

subplot(2,1,2)

stem(-n,-1*S*Y,'r','linewidth',1),grid on

%axis([1 7 -5 5])

xlabel('time')

ylabel('signal amplitude')

title('scaled and flipped wave')

Original wave
5
signal amplitude

-5
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
time
scaled and flipped wave
10
signal amplitude

-5

-10
-7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1
time
TASK 8:
Interpolate a signal given below by a factor of four:

x1 = sin(2pi(2)t)

t= -2:.001:2;

x = sin(2*pi*2*n);

x1 = interp(x,4);

subplot(2,1,1)

plot(x),grid on

xlabel('Sample Number')

ylabel('Signal Amplitude')

title('Original signal')

subplot(2,1,2)

plot(x1),grid on

xlabel('Sample Number')

ylabel('Signal Amplitude')

title('Interpolated signal')
 Original signal
1
Signal Amplitude
0.5

-0.5

-1
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
Sample Number
Interpolated signal
2
Signal Amplitude

-1

-2
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000
Sample Number

TASK 9:
Decimate a signal given below by a factor of two:

y1 = sin(2pi(2)t)

t = -2:.001:2;

y1 = sin(2*pi*2*t);

y2 = decimate(y1,2);

subplot(2,1,1)

plot(y1),grid on

xlabel('Sample Number')

ylabel('Signal Amplitude')
title('Original signal')

subplot(2,1,2)

plot(y2),grid on

xlabel('Sample Number')

ylabel('Signal Amplitude')

title('Decimated signal')

Original signal
1
Signal Amplitude

0.5

-0.5

-1
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
Sample Number
Decimated signal
1
Signal Amplitude

0.5

-0.5

-1
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
Sample Number