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tvkyo
f rm;Oya' rl=urf;
The Labour code of
the Federal Union of Burma
(DRAFT)

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H vkyo
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Federation of Trade Unions Burma (FTUB)

rmwdum
tcef;(1)
taxGaxGo;Hk oyfjcif;

pmrsuEf mS

pmrsuEf mS

pmrsuEf mS

19

pmrsuEf mS

27

General Provisions

tcef;(2)
tvkyo
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tvkycf ef@tyfae&mcsxm;jcif;
Recruitment and placement of workers

tcef;(3)
tvkyo
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f ifrsm;
Training and employment of Apprentices,
Learners and Interns

tcef;(4)
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Minimum Labour Standards

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Federation of Trade Unions Burma (FTUB)

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pmrsuEf mS

51

pmrsuef mS

59

Requirements Protections related to Gender,

Childhood and Special Categories of Workers

tcef;(6)
or*~zGJ@pnf;jcif;ESifh pkaygi;f aphpyf!ESd id_ ;f jcif;/
Union Formation and Collective Bargaining

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Federation of Trade Unions Burma (FTUB)

zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

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pmrsuEf mS -1

rl=urf; (DRAFT)
zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpjk refrmEdik if /H tvkyo
f rm; Oya' (rsm;)
tcef;(1)
taxGaxGo;Hk oyfjcif;
THE LABOR CODE OF THE FEDERAL UNION
OF BURMA
CHAPTER (1)
GENURAL PROVISIATION

yk'rf (1)
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yk'rf (2)
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TOya'onf zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk (Federal Union-FU) . zGJ@pnf;tkycf sKyfyHk
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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

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tem*gwu
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pmrsuEf mS -3

yk'rf (4)
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yk'rf (5)
tvkyo
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yk'rf (6)
T Oya'yg tvkyo
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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

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pmrsuEf mS -4

yk'rf (7)
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fh cdk surf sm;udk awG@&&Sd rnfjzpfygonf?)
tcef;(2)
tvkyo
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Chapter (2)
RECRUITMENT AND PLACEMANT OF WORKERS
yk'rf (9) It is the policy of the Federation Union
zuf'&,fjynfaxmifp(k FU). rl0g'jzpfonf?

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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -5

(C)tvkyo
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pmrsuEf mS -6

(C) vdik pf if qdo

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tvkyt
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pmrsuEf mS -7

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tvkyt
f udik &f mS azGay;a&;0efaqmifrX_ me?
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yk'rf (13) Private recruitment:

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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

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yk'rf (14) Ban on direct hiring:

pmrsuEf mS -10

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pmrsuEf mS -11

yk'rf (17)
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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

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pmrsuEf mS -12

yk'rf (20)
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pmrsuEf mS -13

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pmrsuEf mS -14

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pmrsuEf mS -17

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pmrsuEf mS -18

yk'rf (25)
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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -19

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tcef;(3)
tvkyo
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f ifrsm;
Chapter 3
TRAINING AND EMPLOYMENT OF APPRENTICES,
LEARNERS AND INTERNS
A. Apprentices

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yk'rf (26) Definition of Terms As used in this Titles;
pum;vH;k toH;k tE_e;f rsm;. t"dy`g,&f iS ;f vif;csu?f TOya'wGif oH;k pGyJ ?Hk
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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -20

(0g)Ttcef;wGif todtrSwjf yKxm;aom rnfonfyh *k K~d vf Entities wkd@rqdjk zpfonf?

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yk'rf (27)

Qualifications of apprentices

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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

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pmrsuEf mS -21

yk'rf (29) Contents of apprenticeship agreements

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yk'rf (30) Signing of apprenticeship agreements
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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -22

yk'rf (31) Venue of apprenticeship programs

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yk'rf (32) Sponsoring of apprenticeship program
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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -23

(1) wOD;csi;f tvkyo

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yk'rf (33) Investigation of violation of apprenticeship agreement
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yk'rf (34)

Appeal to the Minister of Labor.

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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -24

yk'rf (35)
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yk'rf (36) Apprentices without compensation
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B. Learners and Interns

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f ifrsm; (tqifjh rif)h
yk'rf (37)
Learners=

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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -25

tvkyo
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rsm;jzpfonf?

Interns =

yk'rf (38)
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yk'rf (39)
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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -26

(3) tvkyo
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yk'rf (40) Leaners and Interns in piecework
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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -27

tcef; (4)
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Chapter (4)
Minimum labour standards

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A. Hours of work

yk'rf (42) - jcHKiHyk g0ifjcif;?

Coverage

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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

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pmrsuEf mS -28

yk'rf (44)
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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -29

yk'rf (47)
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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

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B. REST PERIODS

pmrsuEf mS -30

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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -31

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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -32

aemufw&uf (okd@r[kw)f em;ae&rnfh &ufwiG yf g tvkyv

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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)
C. Wages

pmrsuEf mS -33

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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -34

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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -35

oe jyKvkyjf cif; tm;vH;k ukd bkwt

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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -36

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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -37

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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -38

yk'rf (63)
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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -39

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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -40

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f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -41

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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -42

(u) (1)vkycf aiGpw

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pmrsuEf mS -43

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pmrsuEf mS -44

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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -45

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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

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pmrsuEf mS -46

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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -47

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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

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[ef@wm;&efzt
d m;oH;k jcif;/ t"rRjyKrljcif;/ jcdr;f ajcmufjcif;ESifh rw&m;jyKrljcif; (0g) tvkyf
orm;wkd@tm; o,f,yl kd@aqmifay;olwpHw
k OD;. vGwv
f yfpmG oGm;vmv_y&f mS ;r_ukd jzwf
awmufjcif;tm;vH;k wkd@onf yk'rf (--)tjypf'%fcx
H u
kd af om &mZ0wfr}_ uD;yifjzpfonf?
tu,fI TOya'wGif wm;jrpfxm;onfv
h yk af qmifcsuw
f ckonf txufyg yk'rf (--)
wGiaf zmfjyxm;onft
h wkid ;f /tusK;d wlvyk if ef;pk(0g)twkid ;f }uD;rm;aomvkyif ef;wcktay:
tajccHIjyKvkyaf qmif&u
G cf aJh omf jypfru
_ sL;vGeo
f t
l m; axmif'%fwouftxd tjypf
ay;Ekid jf cif;ESix
fh o
kd .
l ypPn;f OpPmrsm; &ykid cf iG fh tm;vH;k wkd@udk tpk;d &rS odr;f ,l&rnf?
yk'rf (75)

zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -49

pmcsKyf csKyfqykd ikd o

f nfh tcGit
fh a&;
vlwikd ;f wGif tvkyEf iS yfh wfoufI rdrt
d vky&f iS rf S vufrw
S af &;xk;d xm;aom oabmwl
pmcsKyf csKyfqykd ikd cf iG fh &S&d rnf? xko
d abmwl pmcsKyfxw
J iG f tvkyt
f udik .
f pnf;urf;csuf
rsm;/ tajctaersm;/ vkycf rsm;/ vkycf &rnfh umvtykid t
f jcm;/ tvkycf sed /f wm0efrsm;/
tusK;d cHpm;cGirfh sm; ay;aqmif&rnfh aiGEiS fh vkycf xJrS jzwfawmufjcif;rsm;onfvnf;
yg0if&rnf? 4if;oabmwlpmcsKyfukd tvkyv
f yk &f onfh wkid ;f jynf. Ekid if aH wmfo;Hk
bmompum;jzifh a&;om;&rnf? TpmcsKyfukd tvkyform;tm; tvkypf wif0if
a&mufonfh yxrae@wiG f (0g) awmif;qkad om tcgwiG f ay;tyf&rnf? tu,fI
xkt
d vkyu
f idk o
f nf pkaygi;f !SEd id_ ;f oabmwlncD su.
f xdr;f csKyfra_ tmufwiG f jzpfaeygu
oabmwlpmcsKyfukd tvkyv
f yk &f onfh wkid ;f jynf. Ekid if o
H ;Hk bmompum;jzifh a&;om;
xm;jyD; tvkypf wif0ifa&mufonfh yxrae@wiG f (0g) awmif;qkad om tcgwiG f ay;tyf
&rnf?
yk'rf (76)
trdef@tm%mjzifh jyXmef;xm;aom tcsuyf g pmyk'rf sm;?
pmcsKyfwikd ;f wGif txufygtcsurf sm;tjyif atmufyg tcsuw
f kd@uv
kd nf; xnfo
h iG ;f xm;
&rnf?
(u) oifah wmfaom owday;pmray;yJ tvkyjf zKwfjcif; udprP w
S yg; tvkyjf zKwfypfjcif;
ESifh ywfoufI xnfo
h iG ;f &rnft
h csurf sm;rSm w&m;&H;k wGif =um;emppfaq;cHyikd cf iG fEh iS fh
w&m;Oya'ESit
fh nD jzpfapjcif;jzpfonf? tvky&f iS yf ikd q
f kdiaf om ypPn;f tm; ck;d ,ljcif;/
tjypf'%fp&D ifc&H jcif;a=umifh tvkyrf S ysuu
f u
G jf cif; ESp}f udrw
f ikd w
f ikd f owday;jyD;
aemufwiG f w&m;0ifjzpfaom tvky.
f pnf;urf;ukd qufvufcsK;d azmufjcif;/ T
uk"d Oya'yg tcsuw
f kd@ukd csK;d azmufjcif; oH;k }udro
f ;Hk cgajrmufatmif owday;jyD;yg
vsuf tvkyw
f m0efukd a=uyGepf mG xrf;aqmif&ef rjzpfEikd af wmhaom tjcm;
}uD;av;onfh jypfru
_ sL;vGejf cif;rsm;onf w&m;Oya'ESit
hf nD jyKvkyo
f nfh w&m;aom

zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -50

ta=umif;wGif yg0ifonf? tvky&f iS t

f aejzifh tvkyo
f rm;/ tvky&f iS f aumfrwD (0g)
pkaygi;f nSEd id_ ;f jcif; vky&f ;kd vkypf Of wkd@udk aphpyfaocsmpGm pkpH rf;ppfaq;jcif;rsm;tm; rjyK
rvkyrf jcif; tvkyjf zKwfypfjcif;rjyKvky&f ?
(c) atmufyg yk'rf -----ESifhtnD pD;yGm;a&;tajctaea=umihf tvky,
f m,D &yfqikd ;f
xm;jcif; udpu
P kd pnf;rsO;f t& xde;f csKyfjcif; jyKvky&f ef qko
d nft
h csuu
f dk xnho
f iG ;f &ef?
(*) vkyo
f uf (1) vwGif (1.5) &ufpm vkycf tjynfah y;I (vkyo
f uft&) pkaygi;f jyD;
vkycf aiG (6) vpm txdukd ay;&ef?
(C) tvkyrf x
S u
G &f I avsmaf =u;aiG&oihaf iG pkpak ygi;f (6) v vkyo
f uf&w
Sd ikd ;f (7)
&ufpm vkycf aiGukd (1) ESppf mtwGuf avsmaf =u;ay;&ef xnfo
h iG ;f &rnf? tu,fI
&mZ0wfr_ usL;vGeI
f jypf'%foihaf oma=umifh tvkyv
f yk cf iG fh &yfqikd ;f apcJ&h vSsif
avsmaf =u;aiG ay;&efrvdak y?
(i) Tyk'rf wGiyf g&o
Sd nfh trdef@tm%mjzifh jyXmef;xm;aom tcsuw
f csupf w
D kd@onf
w&m;Oya't& vdt
k yfonfh tedrq
fh ;kH owfrw
S cf surf sm;. wpdww
f a'ojzpfonf?
tvky&f iS t
f aejzihf Ttcsuw
f dk@udk Oya't& vku
d ef mtyfaom 0wW&m;rsm;[k ,lqI
tvkyo
f rm;ESifh oabmwlw&m;0if pmcsKyfjyKvkyx
f m;jcif;r&Scd aJh omf vku
d ef musio
fh ;kH &
rnfh tcsurf sm;jzpfonf?
yk'rf (77)
tvky&f iS o
f nf yk'rf (75-76) ygtwkid ;f pmcsKyf csKyfqkd&ef (0g) pmcsKyfay;tyf&ef
ysuu
f u
G cf aJh omf T uk"d wGif zGiq
hf akd &;om;xm;onfh udpt
P &yf&yfwdk@tay:wGif
Oya'tjzpf wnf&ESd ikd af om pmcsKyfrdsK;ESift
h vkyXf mersm;wGif tvkyo
f rm;rsm;tay:
tcGit
fh a&;omaprnfh jyKvkyef nf;rsm;yg0ifonfh pmcsKyfrsK;d &So
d nf[I
l
t"dy`g,f
oufa&mufap&rnf? tvkyt
f udik Ef iS fh ygwo
f ufI tvky&f iS rf S csKyfqakd &;om;xm;onfh
pmcsKyftwdik ;f aqmif&u
G &f ef (0g) pmcsKyf ay;tyf&ef ysuu
f u
G jf cif;a=umifh tr_upd P
wpkw
H ckwiG f oHo,yGm;rsm;jcif;&Sv
d mvSsif tvkyo
f rm;bufodk@ tcGit
fh a&;tompD;
&ap&ef ajz&Si;f ajyvnfap&rnf?

zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -51

yk'rf (78)
txufazmfjyyg tvkyo
f rm;rsm;twGuf owfrw
S cf surf sm; (0g) tumtuG,af y;xm;
csurf sm;xJrS rnfonft
h csuu
f rdk qkd vGwu
f if;oGm;ap&ef (0g) avsmyh g;oGm;ap&ef
&nf&,
G jf yKvkyaf om rnfonfh oabmwlncD suu
f rdk S todtrSwrf jyKvky&f ?
tvkyo
f rm;wkd@twGuf ydrk t
kd a&;om&aprnfh oabmwlncD surf sm; (0g) vkyu
f idk jf cif;
rsm; wpkw
H &m avSsmyh g;oGm;ap&ef xko
d wfrw
S cf surf sm; (0g) tumuG,af y;xm;
csurf sm;tay: trSrD jyK&?

tcef; (5)
trdsK;orD;/ uav;ESifh txl;twef;tpm;0if tvkyo
f rm;wk@d EiS fh
oufqikd af om vkt
d yfcsurf sm;ES
;ESifh tumtuG,f ay;xm;jcif;rsm;/
Chapter (5)
REQUIREMENTS AND PROTECTIONS RELATED TO
GENDER,
CHILDHOOD AND SPECIAL CATEGORIES OF WORKERS.
A. Gender

trdsK;orD;rsm;
yk'rf (79) Facilities for women
trdsK;orD;wkd@twGuf vdt
k yfcsurf sm;
tvkyo
f rm;0ef=uD;onf trdsL;orD;tvkyo
f rm;rsm;twGuf use;f rma&;ESihf vkjH cHKr_
tjynft
h 0&&Sad p&ef owfrw
S f csurf sm;udk xm;&Sad y;&rnf? rnfokd@qadk p 0ef=uD;onf
oihaf vsmaf om pnf;rsO;f rsm;ukd csrw
S af y;jyD; tvky&f iS f rsm;ukd vku
d ef map&rnf?
(u) trdsK;orD;rsm;twGuf oihaf wmfaom xkid cf rkH sm;ukd xm;&Sad y;&efEiS hf tvkycf sed f
twGi;f 4if;wkd@udk xdik cf iG jfh yK&ef?

zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -52

(c) trsKd ;om;trdsL;orD; oD;oef@a&tdro

f mrsm;/ ud,
k v
f ufoef@pifcef;rsm;udk xm;&Sd
ay;&efEiS hf trdsK;orD;wdk@twGuf t0wftpm;vJv,
S cf ef; (tenf;qk;H ) wcef;ay;xm;
&ef?
(*) tjynfjynfqikd &f mrS todtrSwjf yKxm;aom tqift
h wef;rD cav;xde;f cef; ae&m
udk tvkyXf mexJwiG f (0g) teD;tyg;wGif xkXd meY tvkyv
f yk af om trdsK;orD;rsm;.
tusKd ;iSm xm;&Sad p&ef?
yk'rf (80) Maternity leave benefits
rD;zGm;cGifh cHpm;Ekid &f ef
(u) tvky&f iS w
f ikd ;f onf vGecf o
Jh nfh (12) vtwGi;f tenf;qk;H (6)v tvkyv
f yk f
cJah om ud,
k 0f efaqmif trdsK;orD; tvkyo
f rm;rsm;tm; rD;rzGm;rD &ufowWywf (2)
ygwEf iS fh ykrH eS f rD;zGm;jyD;aemuf (0g) om;ysujf yD;aemuf &ufowWygwf (4) ygwt
f wGuf
ykrH eS f rD;zGm;jyD;aemuf (0g) om;ysujf yD;aemuf &yfowWygwf (4) ygwt
f wGuf ykrH eS f (0g)
tygwpf Of ysr;f rSs vkycf aiG tjynfjh zihf rD;zGm;cGiafh y;&rnf? rD;zGm;cGifh awmif;vmol
trsK;d orD;xHrS (2) ygwt
f wGi;f rD;zGm;vdrrfh nfqo
dk nfh aq;vufrw
S /f q&m0ef.
axmufcpH mukd wifjy&ef tvky&f iS u
f awmif;qkEd ikd o
f nf?
(c) rD;zGm;cGirhf w
S ;kd I wqufwnf; ud,
k 0f efaqmif&I/ rD;zGm;&I/ om;ysuI
f
(okd@r[kw)f ud,
k 0f efysuI
f vkyif ef;cGio
f kd@0if&ef roihaf wmfao;a=umif; aq;vufrw
S f
axmufcpH m wifjyI vpmrJjh zifh cGiq
hf ufvuf ,lEikd &f rnf? olrwGif cGifhr,lbJ
pkaqmif;xm;onfh vkyo
f ufciG &hf ufrsm;r&Scd v
Jh Ssif xkd cGiq
fh ufvuf&onft
h wGuf
vkycf aiGudk awmif;cHEkdif rnf r[kwaf y?
(*) T uk"d pwiftwnfjf zpfonfh aemufyikd ;f rSpwifI Tyk'rf (-) t&
rD;zGm;cGiafh y;jcif;wGif tvky&f iS o
f nf trdsK;orD; tvkyo
f rm;. yxr av;=udrf
rD;zGm;cGiahf y;jcif;twGuo
f m vkycf ay;&rnf?

zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -53

yk'rf (81) Wage Discrimination prohibited

tvkycf jGJ cm;owfrw
S jf cif;udk wm;jrpfyw
d yf ifjcif;
tusKd ;wefz;dk wlnaD om tvkyt
f wGuf trdsK;orD;tvkyo
f rm;wdk@udk trdsK;om;tvkyf
orm;wkd@EiS fh ,SOjf ydKifI vkycf ESiv
fh yk cf wGif t=uHK;0ifonfh vpm/ tusKd ;cHpm;cGirfh sm;
(okd@r[kw)f tjcm;vkyt
f m;c/ qkvmbf tygt0ifwkd@udk ay;&mwGif ykrd kdenf;yg;onfh
vkycf ay;jcif;udk wm;jrpfyw
d yf if&rnf?
yk'rf (82) Stipulation against marriage
tdraf xmifjyKjcif;udk qef@usio
f nfh pnf;urf;owfrw
S jf cif;
tvkyt
f udik &f &S&d ef (odk@r[kw)f tvkyq
f ufvufvyk u
f ikd cf Gihf&&S&d ef tvkd@imS trdsK;orD;
tvkyo
f rm;onf tdraf xmifrjyK&[lI vdt
k yfaom tajcw&yftjzpf awmif;qkv
d Ssif
(okd@r[kw)f tdraf xmifjyKjyD;vSsif tqkyd g trdsK;orD;tvkyo
f rm;onf tvkyrf t
S vkd
tavsmufEw
_ x
f u
G jf yD;jzpfonf(okd@r[kw)f cGcJ mG om;jyD;jzpfonft
h aejzihf ,lqowfrw
S f
&rnf[k xif&mS ;odompGm pnf;urf;xkwjf cif; (okd@r[kw)f zGirhf ajymbJ od&Sd em;vnf
apjcif; (okd@r[kw)f trSew
f u,f tvkyjf zKwfjcif;/ tvkyf xkwjf cif;/ cGcJ GjJ cm;jcm;
owfrw
S jf cif;/ (okd@r[kw)f wenf;tm;jzihf trdsK;orD;tvkyo
f rm;tm; tdraf xmifjyK
onfh ta=umif;oufoufa=umifh (tmCmwxm;jyD;) epfem apjcif;wkd@udk tvky&f iS rf S
jyKvkyk v
f Ssif w&m;r0ifay?
yk'rf (83) Prohibited Acts.
wm;jrpfyw
d yf ifxm;onfh tufOya'rsm;?
(u) rnfonfh tvky&f iS t
f wGurf qkd w&m;r0ifjzpfapjcif;rSm(1) T uk"d yg tusKd ;aus;Zl;cHpm;cGiw
hf dk@udk tvkyo
f rm;tm; ray;bJ jiif;qkjd cif;
(okd@r[kw)f tvkyrf S xkwyf pfjcif;/ T uk"d yg tusKd ;aus;Zl;cHpm;cGiw
hf kd@udk trdsK;orD;
tvkyo
f rm;taejzihf cHpm;cGihf r&Ekid f ap&ef ta&;ygaom tmCmwxm;&Sjd cif;/
(2) trdsK;orD;wOD;tm; ud,
k 0f efaqmifaoma=umifh vnf;aumif; (okd@r[kw)f rD;zGm;cGifh
oGm;aecsed w
f iG f 4if; tvkyrf S xkwyf pfjcif;/

zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -54

(3) rD;zGm;cGirfh S tvkyjf yef0ifvmoludk aemufw=udrf ud,

k 0f efaqmifrnfudk pd;k &dro
f jzifh
tvkyjf yef0ifciG fh ray;jcif; (okd@r[kw)f tvkyrf S xkwyf pfjcif;/
yk'rf (84) Classification of certain workers
tcsKd @aom tvkyo
f rm;rsm;tm; trdsK;tpm;owfrw
S jf cif;?
rnfonfh nuvyf/ tESyd cf ef;/ t&ufqikd f (okd@r[kw)f tvm;wl vkyif ef;XmewGirf qkd
tvky&f iS w
f OD;. xda&mufaom tkyx
f ed ;f r_ (okd@r[kw)f =uD;=uyfuyG u
f rJ a_ tmufY
tvkyo
f rm;0ef=uD;rS owfrw
S af y;xm;onfh tcsed u
f mvtwGi;f vkycf &onf jzpfap
r&onfjzpfap (tvkyv
f yk cf iG &hf aom rnfonfh tvkyo
f rm;udrk qk)d tm;vk;H aom
tvkyo
f rm;ESihf vlra_ &;qkid &f m w&m;Oya' jyXmef;jcif; ta=umif;a=umifh xkv
d yk if ef;
Xme. tvkyo
f rm;wOD;taejzif rSw,
f &l rnf?
B. Employment of Minors

w&m;r0if t&G,rf a&mufao;olrsm;udk tvkycf ef@tyfjcif;?

yk'rf (85) Minimum employable age.
tvkycf ef@xm;Ekid o
f nfh tedrfhq;kH touf?
(u) touf (16) ESpf rjynfah o;aom rnfonfu
h av;udk rqkd 4if;. rdb (odk@r[kw)f
tkyx
f ed ;f ol. wku
d &f u
kd w
f m0ef,al om tvkyEf iS fh ol.tvkyo
f nf ausmif;pmoif=um;
jcif;ukd rnfonfeh nf;ESirhf S taESmift
h ,Suf rjzpfapaom tvkyrf S wyg; tjcm;rnfonfh
ae&mwGirf S tvkyrf cef@ap&?
(c) tvkyo
f rm;0ef=uD;Xme.oihaf wmfqaD vsmaf ompnf;rsOf;rsm;atmufwiG f owfrw
S f
ay;onfah e@wae@. tydik ;f tjcm;umvESifh tvkycf sed ef m&Daygi;f (tuef@ towf)jzihf
omvSsif touf (16)ESpf ESifh (18) ESp=f um; &Sd rnforl qkd tvkyv
f yk f Ekid o
f nf?
(*) tvkyo
f rm;twGi;f 0efrSaeI vkyif ef;wm0efwckonf oabmobm0tm;jzifh
tEW&m,f&o
Sd nf (okd@r[kw)f ab;jzpfapwwfonf[k owfrw
S cf aJh omf txufwiG f
xnfo
h iG ;f xm;onfh owfrw
S cf surf sm;onf rnfonfh ta=umif;a=umifrh S touf(18)
ESpaf tmuf&o
Sd u
l dk xdt
k vkycf ef@&ef cGirfh jyK&?

zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -55

yk'rf (86) Prohibition against child discrimination

uav;oli,fjzpfI cGjJ cm;jcif; rvky&f ef wm;jrpfyw
d yf ifjcif;?
rnfonfh uav;vli,ftay:wGirf qdk 4if;. touft&G,af =umifh tvkyt
f ukid Ef iS fh
ywfoufjyD; pnf;urf;csuf rsm;ESihf tajctaersm;udk rnfonfh tvky&f iS u
f rS
cGjJ cm;jcif;rjyKvky&f ?
C. Employment of House helpers

tdrrf u
_ pd u
P n
l aD qmif&u
G o
f rl sm;tm; tvkycf ef@xm;jcif;?
yk'rf (87) Coverage
t=uHK;yg0ifjcif;?
Ttydik ;f onf tdraf xmifprk sm;wGif vkycf a=u;aiG,I
l tvkyv
f yk af y;=uoltm;vk;H ESifh
oufqikd o
f nf? tdrrf u
_ pd P (okd@r[kw)f tdraf xmifpu
k pd EP iS o
hf ufqikd af om vkyif ef;
qko
d nfrmS tvky&f iS .
f rdom;pktrd w
f iG f vkyu
f ikd af y;&aom vkyif ef;/ tvky&f iS .
f
tdraf xmifp0k ifot
l m;vk;H oufoufomom&Sad pr_/ tqifajyapr_wkd@twGuf ulnD
vkyu
f ikd af y;&aom vkyif ef;rsm;ESifh rdom;pktwGuf ,mOfarmif;ay;&onfh vkyif ef;tyg
t0if wkd@jzpfonf? T uk"d . taxGaxGpnf;urf;csurf sm;udk avSsmyh g;ap&ef
(odk@r[kw)f uef@owfap&ef[I
l Ttydik ;f udk t"dy`g,rf aumuf,al p&?
yk'rf (88) Contract of "Domestic service"
tdrrf u
_ pd EP iS q
hf ikd af om vkyif ef; . oabmwlpmcsKyf?
tdrrf u
_ pd EP iS q
hf ikd af om vkyif ef;. rlvoabmwlpmcsKyfonf (2) ESpf umvxufyI
dk
r=umjrifah p&? odk@aomf ESpOf ;D ESpzf uf oabmwlonfh umvwkid af tmif pmcsKyfudk
qufvufI tcsed w
f ;kd jrSiEfh kdio
f nf?

zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -56

yk'rf (89) Minimum wage.

tedrq
fh ;Hk vkycf
tdrrf u
_ pd u
P n
l aD qmif&u
G &f olrsm;tm; tenf;qH;k (ABWB) rS owfrw
S x
f m;
aom tedrq
fh ;Hk vkycf E_e;f xm;twdik ;f &&Sad p&rnf//
yk'rf (90) Minimum cash wage.
tedrq
fh ;Hk vkycf aiG
tdrrf u
_ pd u
P n
l aD qmif&u
G &f olrsm;tm; ae&mxdik cf if;/ tpm;taomufEiS fh
aq;0g;ukoay;jcif;wdk@udk pDpOfaqmif&u
G af y;&onft
h jyif Tud"k wGif jyXmef;xm;
aom tedrq
fh ;Hk vyfcE_e;f xm;twdik ;f &ap&rnf//
yk'rf (91) Assignment to non-household work.
tdrrf u
_ pd v
P yk if ef;r[kwaf om tvkyw
f m0efay;jcif;//
Tud"k wGif jyXmef;xm;aom pdu
k yf sK;d a&;qdu
k &f m (odk@) pdu
k yf sK;d a&;ESifh
rqdik af om tvkyo
f rm;rsm;twGuf vpm (okd@) vkycf xufenf;I rnfonfu
h pd P ulnD
aqmif&u
G af y;r_urdk S a&mif;0,fa&;/ pufrv
_ ufr(_ odk@) pdu
k yf sKd ;a&;ESifh qdik af om vkyif ef;
rsm;wGif wm0efay;I rvkyaf p&//
yk'rf (92) Opportunity for elementary education.
rlvwef;ynm oif=um;cGiafh y;jcif;//
tu,fI tdrrf u
_ pd aP qmif&u
G af y;olonf touf(18)ESpx
f ufi,faeaomf
tvky&f iS o
f nf ol@tm; tenf;qH;k rlvwef;ynmudk oif=um;cGiafh y;&rnf// ynmoif
ukeu
f sp&dwrf mS vkycf wpfpw
d f wpfa'o jzpfap&rnf//

zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

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pmrsuEf mS -57

yk'rf (93) Board, lodging and mediacal attendance.

pm;a&;/ aexdik af &;ESifh aq;ukoay;jcif;//
tvky&f iS o
f nf tdrrf u
_ pd u
P n
l aD y;oltwGuf oef@&iS ;f oifah wmfaom ae&mxdik f
cif; vHak vmufaom tpm;tpmESifh aq;ukoay;jcif;wdk@udk tcrJjh yKvkyaf y;&rnf//
yk'rf (94) Indemnity for unjust termination of services.
rw&m;ojzifh tvkyrf S&yfqidk ;f jcif;twGuf avsmaf =u;aiG//
tdrrf u
_ pd u
P n
l v
D yk af y;oltwGuf iSg;&rf;pOfuyif pmcsKyfxYJ iSg;&rf;onfh tcsed f
umv owfrw
S x
f m;cJah omf tvky&f iS Ef iS fh tvkyo
f rm; ESpOf ;D ESpzf ufpvH;k xdu
k mv
rukeq
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f tvkyu
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f efjyD; w&m;aomta=umif;a=umifrh v
S I
GJ rjyKvkyEf idk af y// tdrrf u
_ pd P vkyaf y;
olonf rw&m;pGm ajymqdjk yKr_c&H aomf ol@tm; av#maf =u;tjzpf &oifo
h nfh aiGtjyif
&ufaygi;f (30)twGuf vkycf udyk g ay;av#m&f rnf//
yk'rf (95) Service of termination notice.
tvky&f yfqidk ;f &ef =udKIowday;jcif;//
tu,fI tdrrf u
_ pd t
P ulvyk if ef;rwGuf oabmwlpmcsKyfcsKyfqjdk cif;ESifh vkyif ef;.
obm0taetxm;a=umifh tcsed u
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&nf&,
G x
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orm;aomfvnf;aumif; owday;(Edk@wpf) ay;xm;Edik o
f nf//
yk'rf (96) Employment certification.
tvkyt
f udik yf wfoufI taxmuftxm;vufrw
S af y;jcif;//
tdrrf u
_ pd t
P ulvyk if ef;wm0efjyD;jywfomG ;aomtcsed w
f iG f tvky&f iS o
f nf if;
tvkyo
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Jh nft
h vky.
f oabmobm0vkycf o
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f mvESifh

zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

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pmrsuEf mS -58

if;.vky&f nfuidk &f nf ponft

h a=umif;rsm;yg0ifonfh taxmuftxm; vufrw
S af &;
ay;&rnf//
yk'rf (97) Employment records.
tvkyt
f udik rf w
S w
f rf;//
tvky&f iS o
f nf rdrt
d rd rf u
_ pd Ptvkyo
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S cf surf sm;ESifh
tajctaet&yf&yfukd az:jy&efvt
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dk m;&S&d rnf// tvky&f iS .
f
awmif;qdck sut
f & tvkyo
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S f
a&;xd;k ay;jcif; (okd@) vufryHpk HEySd af y;jcif;jyK&rnf//
D. Homeworks

tdrw
f iG ;f tvkyo
f rm;rsm;//
yk'rf (98)
tdrw
f pftrd Yf ykwjf ywftvkyk v
f yk af y;olrsm;(odk@) tdrw
f pftrd Yf tusKd ;oufa&mufr_
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l vkyaf y;olrsm;tm; ta=umif;a=umif;udk
&nf&,
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rsm;tjzpf Tud"k atmufwiG o
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csurf sm;udk w&m;0ifxw
k jf yefa=ujimay;&ef taumiftxnfaz:jcif;rsm;jyKvky&f rnf//
tdrw
f iG ;f tvkyo
f rm;rsm;udk tvkyaf pcdik ;f apaomtvky&f iS rf sm;tm;vnf; Tud"k
twdik ;f vdu
k ef ma=umif;odomap&ef xif&mS ;vHak vmufaom rSww
f rf;rsm; xm;&Sad p
&rnf//

zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

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pmrsuEf mS -59

tcef;(6)
or*~zGJ@pnf;jcif;ESifh pkaygi;f aphpyfnEdS i_d ;f jcif;//
Chapter-6
UNION FORMATION AND COLLECTVE BARGALING
A. Policy

rl0g'
yk'rf (99)
Declaration of Policy

yk'rf rl0g'a=ujimjcif;? ? zuf'&,fjynfaxmufp.

k rl0g' (taejzif)h onf (u) pkaygi;f aphpyfnESd id_ ;f onfh tavhtusirfh sm; &Sio
f efzGH@jzdK;vmapa&;twGuf w&m;
Oya'abmifzGJ@pnf;ay;&ef//
(c) 'Dru
fdk a&pDa&;/ vlra_ &;/ w&m;r#wjyD; wnfjidraf om pD;yGm;a&;wd;k wufrw
_ dk@twGuf
t"du aomhcsut
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dk a&pDpepfusio
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fh if
tm;ay;&ef//
(*) tvkyo
f rm;rsm;ESifh tvky&f iS rf sm;t=um;wGif wef;wlnrD #u,
dk pf m;jyKI tvkyf
tukid Ef iS fh ywfoufaom tjiif;tckerf sm;udk oifah v#maf om ajz&Si;f jcif;taejzifph ak ygif;
aphpyf!ESd id_ ;f jcif;udk wnfaxmifay;&ef?
(C) tvkyo
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f efpmG ES;D aESm
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G af y;&ef//
(i) tvkyo
f rm;rsm;ESifh rdom;pkrsm;. tusKd ;oufa&mufaprnfh qH;k jzwfcsucf srw
S f
&mwGif tvkyo
f rm;rsm;uk,
d w
f idk f rvGrJ aoG yg0ifvmap&ef//
B. Definitions

t"dy`g,zf iG q
fh cdk surf sm;//
yk'rf (100)
B. Definitions

yk'rf t"dy`g,zf iG q
fh cfdk surf sm;//
tvkyo
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k m

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uef@owfxm;onfr[kwf rsuaf rSmufumvtvkyo

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onft
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G o
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axmufcx
H m;onfh tvkyo
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cef@cjGJ cif;wdk@yg0ifonf//
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tvkyo
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ud,
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refae*sm odk@r[kwf tkycf sKyfa&;qdik &f mtvkyo
f rm;-onf tkycf sKyfa&;ydik ;f qdki&f m
ay:vpDcsrw
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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

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txufyg &Si;f vif;csucf surf sm;wGif ryg0ifaom tvkyo
f rm;tm;vH;k udk Ttcef;wGif
omreftvkyo
f rm;tjzpf ,lqowfrw
S &f rnf//
cHo
k rm"dtzGJ@0ifv=l uD; - qdo
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k rm"d
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f rm;rsm;rS
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tvkyyf w
d x
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taersm;ESifh tcGit
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oydwzf suo
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d yf idk t
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f
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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

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(-----)aumfrwD - onf rnfonfyh ;l wGt

J vkyo
f rm; pDrcH ef@cjGJ cif;udrk qdk (0g) TOya'
wGif ay;xm;aom use;f rma&;ESifh vHjk cHKa&; qdik &f maumfrwD udrk qdk &nfne$ ;f Edik o
f nf?
C. National Labour Relations Court

trsKd ;om; tvkyo

f rm; (qufqaH &;) w&m;H;k //
yk'rf (101) National Labour Relations Court
trsKd ;om; tvkyo
f rm; (qufqaH &;) w&m;H;k //
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yk'rf (102) Jurisdiction of the Labour Court.

tvkyo
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f maom &ydik cf Giafh wmif;qdrk r_ sm;/
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f ;Hk vkyef nf;rsm;&So
d r#udk toH;k jyKI tjcm;
enf;vrf; r&Sad wmhrw
S yg; w&m;H;k onf rnfonfph ak ygi;f ndES id_ ;f oabmwlncD suu
f rfkd S
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qH;k jzwfcsuo
f nf qifjcifww
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f nfvn
S jfh zm;jcif;/ (0g) vm'fay;
vm'f,jl yKvkyjf cif;/ (0g) jynfaxmifpk wpf0rS ;f vH;k twGuf ta&;ygt&ma&mufaom
tajccHOya'rS aoG;znfjcif; jzpfaeonfrw
S yg;/ w&m;H;k onf cHk ;Hk tzGJ@. qH;k jzwfcsuf
udk jyefvnfo;Hk oyfay;jcif;rjyK&?
6?
? cGjJ cm;owfrw
S jf cif;ESifh ywfoufaom &ydik cf Giafh wmif;qdrk r_ sm;?
7?
? tvkyo
f rm;0ef}uD;. ydwyf ifxm;jcif;trdef@rsm;ukd jynfvnfa0zef oH;k oyf
&ef }udK;yrf;r_rsm;?

zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -64

tvkyo
f rm;pDrcH ef@crGJ _ (qufqaH &;) qdik &f mtzGJ@tpnf;rsm; yg0ifywfoufae
aom tr_rsm;ESifh tvkycf ef@tyf&mY cGjJ cm;r_&aSd om tr_wdk@udk qH;k jzwfajz&Si;f ay;Edki&f ef
ur;f usiyf nm&Siw
f dk@udk xnfo
h iG ;f yg0ifap&efrmS trsKd ;om;tvkyo
f rm;(qufqaH &;)
w&m;H;k . wm0efvyk if ef;jzpfonft
h av#muf Tud"k atmuf&Sd tjcm;&ydik cf iG fh
awmif;qdrk _ tm;vH;k wdk@ukd wduspmG n$ejf yxm;aom oifah v#mo
f nfw
h &m;&H;k Y vkyu
f idk f
aqmif&u
G &f rnf? if;.w&m;pD&ifyidk cf Git
fh wGi;f rS tr_rsm;udk trsKd ;om;tvkyf orm;
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taxGaxGOya' owfrw
S cf surf sm;ufkd xnfo
h iG ;f aom enf;vrf;aumif;rsm;udyk g toH;k
jyK&rnf?
yk'rf (103) The Court shall have the power and authority.
w&m;H;k wGif wefc;dk tm%mESifh =oZmtm%m&S&d rnf?
(u) tr_rsm;=um;emppfaq;jcif;udk xde;f csKyfxm;Edik &f ef cHw
k &m;ol=uD;tzGJ@0ifwdk@.
aqmif&u
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G &f onfh vkyif ef;aqmifwmrsm;ESifh
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f dk@udk taumiftxnfazmf&ef vdt
k yfvmv#if pnf;rsO;f
pnf;urf;rsm;udk w&m;0ifa=ujimEdik o
f nfh tm%m&S&d rnf? w&m;H;k Yvkyyf idk fciG Efh iS fh
tm%mrsm; wd;k jrSiafh y;&rnf? tb,fa=umifq
h adk omf (Edk@wpf) a=ujimpmxkwjf yD;I
tr_=um;emppfaq;jyD;aemufwiG f if;.w&m;pD&ifyidk ef ,ftwGi;f t"dujy\emwkd@udk
pD&ifq;Hk jzwfajz&Si;f jyD;csed f if;ajz&Si;f csuaf y: jzpfay:vmv#if pnf;rsO;f pnf;urf;rsm;
xkwjf yefciG t
fh m%m&S&d rnf? twnfjyKaxmufccH suaf y;jcif;ESifh aumfrwDa&G;cs,jf cif;
wdk@wiG f rJqENay;Edik o
f nfh t&nftcsi;f owfrw
S cf suaf y;Edik &f ef pnf;rsO;f rsm; xkwjf yefciG fh
tm%m&S&d rnf? TuJo
h dk@a&G;cs,yf rGJ sKd ;ESifh ywfoufI w&m;H;k .pnf;rsO;f rsm;(odk@)
Tuk"d udt
k oH;k jyK&mY jynfaxmifpt
k 0Sr;f udk odomxdcu
dk Ef ikd af om ta&;=uD;
onft
h rSm;rsm;tay:wGif xif&mS ;ap&ef qH;k jzwfay;&aom tvkyo
f rm;0ef=uD; (odk@)
if;rS cef@tyfxm;aom cHo
k rm"dv=l uD;(rsm;). qH;k jzwfcsuf rnfonft
h csuu
f rdk qdk
w&m;H;k rS jyefvnfo;Hk oyfxm;jcif;ukd uef@owfxrd ;f csKyf xm;&rnf?

zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -65

(c) usr;f used jf cif;udk =uD;=uyfaqmif&u

G af y;&ef?
tr_onfrsm;tm; qifah c:&ef Tuk"d atmufwiG f t=uHK;0ifaom rnfonfh w&m;
pGq
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a=umif;rS&&Sad om tcsut
f vufrsm; tygt0if pm&Gupf mwrf;rsm;udk H;k awmfodk@
vma&muf&efEiS fh wifjy&efqifhac:pmufx
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k jf yefEidk o
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udpw
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f dk
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f Edk idk f
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f ufaorsm;udk ppfaq;ar;jref;jcif;jyKvkyfEidk &f ef tcGit
fh a&;&So
d nf?

zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -66

w&m;H;k rS =um;emppfaq;jcif;rsK;d rjyKvkycf aJh omf rnfonfh tvkyo

f rm;jiif;ckerf Y_ rqdk
txufygpmyd'k (f i)t& rnfonft
h rdef@urdk S rxkwjf yef&?
(q) w&m;&H;k rS tr_upd EP iS fh ygwo
f ufor#ukd =um;emppfaq;jyD; Oya'csK;d azmufI
rw&m;aom jyKrljcif;jzpfay:aeonfh (okd@r[kw)f jzpfay:vm&ef tvm;tvm &So
d nf
[k ckid v
f aHk om om"u rawG@&rSd jcif; rnfonft
h vkyo
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h rdef@udrk S rxkwjf yef&?
(Z) TuJo
h kd@aom Oya'csK;d azmufI rw&m;onfh vky&f yfrsm;ukd usL;vGeaf eaom/
usL;vGe&f ef }uHpnfjcdr;f ajcmufaeaom ol/ yk*K~d vf/ toif;zGJ@wkd@ tay:odk@ om tusK;H 0if
oufa&mufaom trdef@xw
k jf yef&rnf?
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f ufI w&m;&H;k rS =um;emppfaq;jyD; w&m;vk.
d ypPn;f OpPmrsm; ukd
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&Guv
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h vkyo
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k &mukd xkwjf yefv#if vkt
d yfcsut
f aejzifh awmif;qk&d rnfrmS
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f pm;ay;Ekid &f ef
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ay;&rnf?

zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -67

yk'rf (104)
w&m;&H;k (okd@r[kw)f 4if;rS tm%mv$t
J yfcef@xm;cH&olonf tvkycf sed t
f wGi;f jzpfap
(okd@r[kw)f tvkycf sed jf yifyYjzpfap tcsed rf a&G; tvkyXf me/ taqmuftOD;/ oabFm/
avS/ ,mOf/ ae&m (0g) ykid ef ufrsm;/ vkyif ef;pOfo;Hk ypPn;f ud&,
d m wefqmyvmrsm;ukd
rnfonft
h csed Yf rqkd ppfaq;Ekid o
f nf? 4if;tjyif rnfonft
h vkyo
f rm;(0g) ae@pm;
vkyo
f m;rsm;ESifh rnfol@urkd qkd owif;&&S&d ef (okd@r[kw)f tcsut
f vuf&&S&d ef
ar;jref;Ekid f onf?
D. Labor Organizations

tvkyo
f mrm;tzGJ@tpnf;rsm;
yk'rf (105) Requirements of registration.
rSwyf w
Hk if&ef vkt
d yfcsurf sm;?
rSwyf w
Hk if&efav#mufxm;aom rnfonft
h zGJ@tpnf;toif; (okd@r[kw)f
or*~rsm; tkypf k (okd@r[kw)f tvkyo
f rm;rsm; rqkd w&m;0ify*k K~d vf (Oya')ynm&Sif
a&S@ae) rsm;ukd xm;&SEd ikd o
f nf? 4if;tjyif atmufazmfjyygvt
kd yfcsurf sm;ukd tajcjyK
xm;aom rSwyf w
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S u
f kd xkwaf y;jyD;csed rf pS I rSwfyw
Hk ifjyD;xm;aom tvkyf
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fh a&;rsm;ukd
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d nf?
(u) rSwyf w
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f rm;
or*~. t"duvdypf m/ tzGJ@tpnf;qkid &f m tpnf;ta0;. qH;k jzwfcsurf sm;ESifh
4if;wkd@ukd uk,
d pf m;jyKaom tvkyo
f rm;OD;a&. tenf;qH;k (20) &mckid Ef e_ ;f rSaeI
,ckrw
S yf w
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d kd@ukd uk,
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f u
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(*) avSsmufxm;aom or*~onf (1)ESpEf iS fh txufEpS rf sm;uwnf;uyif zGJ@pnf;

zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -68

wnfaxmifxm;jyD;jzpfygu 4if;. ESppf Of bma&;jyefwrf;rsm;/ rSww

f rf;&H;k / vufcH
rdwLW rsm;eSifh
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rsm;ukd &H;k vufcrH w
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k m; yl;wGw
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S rf aJ y;a&; (okd@r[kw)f qENc,
H yl GJ
usi;f ya&; tpDtpOfrsm; (Plans) ukv
d nf; xnfo
h iG ;f yg&&Sd rnf?
yk'rf (106)
txufazmfjyyg vkt
d yfcsurf sm;tm;vH;k ukd tvkyo
f rm;a&;0ef}uD; (okd@r[kw)f
4if;. tm%mv$t
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d pf m;vS,x
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S nf;
rSwyf w
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(30) twGi;f ta&;w,laqmif&u
G af y;&rnf? vkt
d yfaom pm&Gupf mwrf;rsm;tm;vH;k ukd
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f u
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yk'rf (107) Denial of registration: appeal
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tvkyo
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(10) &uftwGif trsK;d om;tvkyo
f rm;qufqaH &; w&m;&H;k okd@ toem;cH wifoiG ;f Ekdif
onf?

zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -69

yk'rf (108) Additional requirement for federaltions or national unions.

jynfe,frsm; (okd@r[kw)f trsK;d om;or*~rsm;twGuf xyfavmif;
vkt
d yfcsurf sm;?
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tjyif atmufygwkd@uv
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ukd axmufcEH idk &f ef tenf;qH;k &yfuu
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Tvkt
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trsK;d om;or*~onf &yfuu
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rnf?

zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -70

yk'rf (109)
tzGJ@tpnf;. aiGpm&if;&Si;f wrf; (0g)aiGaumufcjH cif;tm; pDrcH ef@cGjJ cif;/
aiGxw
k af y;jcif;/ &efyaHk iGrsm;/ tjcm;aiGrsm;ESifh tjcm;aomypPn;f rsm;udak pmifah &Smuf
xde;f csKyfjcif;jyKvky&f ef wm0ef&adS omrnfonft
h zGJ@pnf;rsm;. bma&;rSL;rqdEk iS fh
xdt
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onfah iG/ if;tm; xde;f odr;f apmifah &Smuf&ef ,H=k unfpmG tyfEx
SH m;aom aiGa=u;tmrcH
pmcsKyfrsm; (bonds) tjcm;tmrcHpmcsKyfrsm;tm;vH;k ESifh tzGJ@pnf; ydik yf pPn;f rsm;/ rSeu
f ef
aom aiGpm&if;&Si;f wrf;rsm;udk atmufygtwdik ;f &Si;f vif;ay;&rnf?
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k ;Hk jzwfonft
h csed t
f cgwidk ;f wGif ESifh
(3) rdrw
d m0efrS a&$@ajymif;aomtcsed w
f iG f ay;&rnfah iGpm&if;&Si;f wrf;udk aiG
pm&if;ppfrS ppfaq;jcif; [kwrf eS af =umif; usr;f used v
f m$ jzifah xmufcaH y;&rnf?
if;rdwLW wpHu
k dk tvkyo
f rm;0ef}uD;tm; ay;ydk@&rnf? rnfonfh tvkyo
f rm;
tzGJ@tpnf;rqdk aiGpm&if;pmtkyrf sm;ESiafh iGa=u;oH;k pJjG cif;qdik &f m wjcm;
rSww
f rf;rSw&f mrsm;udk rnfonft
h r_aqmif t&m&dS (0g) tzGJ@0ifrqdk &H;k csed f
twGi;f ppfaq;Edik &f ef tqifoifh xm;&d&S rnf?
yk'rf (110)
aiGa=u;tydak umufc&H ef [laom &nf&,
G cf sujf zifh ac:,laom oufqidk af om
tpnf;ta0;wGif zGJ@pnf;tkycf sKyfyHk tajccHOya'ESit
fh nD qH;k jzwfcsuf csrw
S x
f m;
+yD;onft
h wkid ;f aqmif&u
G jf cif;r[kwcf aJh omf tzGJ@0ifrsm;xHrS zGJ@pnf;tkycf sKyfyHk
tajccHOya'ESifh a'otm%mydik w
f dk@u xkwjf yefxm;onfh Oya'wdk@wiG f tao;pdwf
twdtus azmfjyxm;onfh tca=u;aiGrsm;ESi'fh %faiGrsm; ay;aqmif&ef owfrw
S cf suf
wdk@xuf vGeu
f +J yD; tjcm; txl; tca=u;aiG (0g) txl;owfrw
S af =u;wdk@udk pnf;=uyf

zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -71

jcif;rjyK&? tzGJ@pnf;.t twGi;f a&;rSL;onf tpnf;a0; rSww

f rf;yg tcsuf
tvufrsm; tpnf;ta0;wufaom yk*K~d vfwdk@. trnfpm&ifrsm;tm; qENjyK xnf0h if
xm;aom rJpm&if;rsm;txl;owfrw
S af =u;(0g) tca}u;aiGudk rnfonfh &nf&,
G cf suf
jzifh aumufc&H ef if;txl;a=u;aiGrsm;udk vufc&H &So
d rl sm;tm; rSww
f rf;wifxm;&
rnf? xdrk w
S w
f rf;rSeu
f efa}umif; OuUX taxmuftxm;jyK vufrw
S x
f ;dk &rnf? T
ud"k wGif yg0ifaom vkyif ef;aqmifwmrsm;twGurf S v$jJ yD; tvkyo
f rm;wOD;.
tm%mukev
f t
$J yfa}umif; pmrSyd J if;tvkyo
f rm;rsm; &oif&h xdu
k af om aiGtca=u;
aiGxrJ S rnfonft
h xl;owfrw
S af =u; (0g) tjcm;txl;tca=u;aiGurdk S jzwfawmuf
E_w,
f jl cif; rjyK&? aiGEw
_ ,
f &l ef tm%mv$t
J yfpmwGif aiGa=u;pkpak ygi;f tm; rnfonfh
twGuaf =umifh vnf;aumif;/ xkw,
f al iGudk rnfot
l usKd ;cHpm;cGifh aSd =umif;udk
wdwu
d sus az:jy&rnf?
yk'rf (111)
tzGJ@0ifrsm;tay: txufazmfjyyg tcGit
fh a&;rsm;ESifh vdt
k yfcsuf tajctae
rsm;udk csKdk ;azmufjcif;Scd aJh omf jyKjyifr_ v
Sd map&ef or*~tzGJ@0ifO;D a&. tenf;qH;k (20)
&mcdik Ef e_ ;f Sad om OD;a&.ud,
k pf m; tvkyo
f rm;0ef}uD;xHodk@ wdik w
f ef;Ekid o
f nf? 0ef}uD;
onf rnfonfch sKd ;azmufru
_ rdk qdk avsmu
f efaom *kpu
dk af 0zefo;Hk oyfjcif;jyKjyD; aemuf
=um;em ppfaq;jyD;aemuf oifah wmfonfh oufomr_udk OD;wnftaumiftxnfay:
ap&ef qH;k jzwfcsucf say;Ekid o
f nfh tm%mSo
d nf? 0ef}uD;. qH;k jzwfcsucf sjyD; &ufaygi;f
(30) twGi;f / tkycf sKyfa&;ESifhqidk af om aqmif&u
G cf suu
f dk a,bl,stm;jzifh jyefvnf
oH;k oyfciG &fh o
Sd nf[al om ta}umif;jycsujf zifh trsKd ;om;tvkyo
f rm;qufqaH &; w&m;
k;H odk@ toem;cHwifjyEkid o
f nf? xdk@jyif oufomr_&ap&ef toem;cHjcif;udk tcsed rf SD
}udKwifI or*~tyk cf sKyfa&;tzGJ@xH wifjyjyD;ygvsu/f jiif;y,fc&H jcif;/ vspv
f sL_jcif; cH&
aomf tvGo
J ;Hk pm;jyKxm;onfh aiGa=u; (0g) tjcm; OpPmypPn;f &ydik cf Girfh sm;udk or*~odk@
jyefvnfay;tyf&ef/ tvkyo
f rm;tzGJ@tpnf;. tzGJ@0ifO;D a& (20)&mcdik Ef e_ ;f onf if;wdk@
.trnfrsm;(0g)or*~. ud,
k pf m;vS,rf sm;taejzifh trsKd ;om;tvkyo
f rm;qufqaH &;
k;H wGif ta&;,lw&m;pGq
J Edk ikd fonf?

zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -72

w&m;vdb
k ufrS tEdik &f cJah omf if;wdk@. a&S@aep&dwf rsm;ESifh ukeu
f sp&dwf
wdk@udk or*~.&efyaHk iGxrJ S ukeu
f sc&H rnf? tb,fa=umifh qdak omf if;w&m;pGq
J rdk o
_ nf
tzGJ@tpnf;wckv;Hk tm; tusKd ;aus;Zl;&Sad pjcif;a}umifh jzpfonf? oydwaf rSmufaepOf
umv (odk@r[kw)f tjcm;aom tvkyo
f rm;jiif;ckerf _ jzpfyGm;aecsed w
f iG f TuJo
h dk@aom
w&m;pGq
J jdk cif; rjyK&? xdk@tjyif oydwaf epOfumv (od@k r[kw)f tjcm;aom tvkyf
orm; jiif;ckerf j_ zpfymG ;aecsed fwiG f w&m;pGx
J m;&if;jzpfaom tr_upd t
P m; &yfqidk ;f ap&
rnf?
&mZ0wfrj_ zwfx;Hk ud"k wGif vmbfay;,lr/_ or*~OpPmypPn;f tm; tv$J
oH;k pm;r_EiS fh tzGJ@0ifrsm;tm; zdEySd rf p_ onfh jzpfru
_ sL;vGejf cif;wdk@udk jypf'%fcwf&ef
jznfph u
G x
f nfo
h iG ;f xm;&rnf?
E.Right of Registered Labour Organizations

rSwyf w
Hk ifjyD;aom tvkyo
f rm;tzGJ@tpnf;rsm;.tcGit
fh a&;rsm;?
yk'rf (112) Rights of registered labour organization
rSwyf w
Hk ifjyD; tvkyo
f rm;tzGJ@tpnf;wckwiG f &S&d rnft
h cGifhta&;rsm;rSm(u) tpd;k &/ Ekid if aH &;ygwrD sm; (0g) tvkyf iS rf sm;wdk@.uef@owfxed ;f csKyfr_ rygy/J vkycf aiG
rsm;/ tvkycf sed ef m&Drsm;/ tvkycf ef@xm;jcif;ESifh ygwo
f wfaom owfrw
S cf surf sm;ESifh
tajctaersm;/ vlral &;qdik &f mw&m;rSswr_rsm;/ tvkyo
f rm;rsm;ESiv
fh l@tzGJ@tpnf;xJrS
tjcm;aom tzGJ@tpnf;rsm;ESifh ygwo
f wforSsaom jy\emtm;vH;k ESifh Edkiif aH &;qdik &f m
jy\em (tygt0if) wdk@udfk tzGJ@0ifwdk@. ud,
k pf m;vS,t
f jzpf/ vkyu
f idk af qmif&u
G Ef idk f
&eftcGit
fh a&;?
(c) tvkyf iS w
f OD;. tvkyo
f rm;rsm;twGuf txl;oD;oef@pak ygi;f aphpyfnESd i_d ;f ay;
onfh ud,
k pf m;vS,t
f jzpf aqmif&u
G &f efEiS fh Tud"k wGif xnfo
h iG ;f az:jyxm;aom
aumfrwDtzGJ@rsm;wGif yg0ifaqmif&u
G &f ef?
(*) T ud"fk wGif xnfo
h iG ;f az:jyxm;aom owif;zvS,jf cif;ESifh ES;D aESmwdik yf ifjcif;
vkyif ef;pOfwdk@wiG yf g0ifaqmif&u
G &f ef?

zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -73

(C) tvkyo
f rm;tzGJ@tpnf;ESifh if;.tzGJ@0ifwdk@ toH;k jyK&efEiS t
fh usKd ;&Sad p&ef ajr/
taqmuftOD;ponfrh a&$@ajymif;Ekid af om ypPn;f rsm;omru a&$@ajymif;Ekid af omud,
k yf idk f
ypPn;f rsm;udk ydik q
f idk Ef ikd &f ef?
(i) if;rSwyf w
Hk ifxm;aomtrnfjzifh w&m;pGq
J Edk ikd &f ef ESiw
fh &m;tpGcJ EH idk &f ef?
(p) tzGJ@tpnf;ESifh if;/ tzGJ@0ifrsm;jzpfaom tvkyo
f rm;tm;vH;k twGuf jcHKiHI
k Oya'
t& aqmif&u
G &f ef&aSd om udpt
P 00 ukw
d m0efcaH qmif&u
G &f ef?
rnfonfOh ya'jyXmef;csuu
f rdk S qef@usiI
f rcsKd ;azmuf rckcyH J rSwyf w
Hk ifxm;jyD;aom
tvkyo
f rm;tzGJ@tpnf;rsm;. ypPn;f rsm; ESifh 0ifaiGrsm;/ jynfwiG ;f (0g) jynfyrS
tvm;wl nDtudt
k zGJ@tpnf;rsm;xHrS &&Sad om ay;urf;vSL'ge;f jcif;/ vufaqmiftjzpf
&jcif;/ tvSLaiGrsm;/ xnf0h ifaiGrsm; tygt0if tm;vH;k onf tcGet
f aumufp;D =uyfjcif;
ESifh tjcm;aom&mjzwfjcif;wdk@rS vGwu
f if;&rnf? Tae&mwGix
f nfo
h iG ;f az:jyxm;onfh
uif;vGwjf cif;udk txl;Oya' rS xif&mS ;pGmaz:jyjyD; kwo
f rd ;f ay;&efawmif;qdrk o
S m
vSsizf ,f&mS ;Ekidk rf nf?
F.Coverage

t}uHK;0ifjcif;
yk'rf (113) Converage and employment right to self-organization
tvkyo
f rm; or*~rsm;./ ud,
k yf idk t
f zGJ@tpnf;zGJ@yidk fciG Efh Sifh t}uHK;0ifjcif;rsm;?
rnfonft
h vkyf iS .
f
tvkyo
f rm;rsm;rqdk ul;oef;a&mif;0,fa&;/ pufrv
_ yk if ef;/
pdu
k yf sKd ;a&;ESifh Edik if yH dkiv
f yk if ef;rsm;/ trsm;jynfow
l dk@twGuf zGH@jzdK;a&;vkyif ef;rsm;ESifh
bmoma&; t& ukov
dk t
f vSL'gejyKa&; (0g) ynma&;vkyif ef;rsm;/ tjrwftpGe;f &onf
jzpfap/ r&onfjzpfap/ yg0ifaqmif&u
G v
f yk u
f idk v
f Ssu&f aSd om vkyif ef;tm;vH;k wdk@wiG f
tvkycf ef@xm;aom tvkyo
f rm;tm;vH;k twGuf tusKH ;0ifonf? if;wdk@tjyeftvSef
tultnDay;&ef/ umuG,af y;&efEiS fh pkaygi;f nSEd _di;f aphpyf&ef &nf&,
G jf yD; tvkyo
f rm;

zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -74

tzGJ@tpnf;rsm; zGJ@pnf;jcif;rsm;Yyg0ifjcif; (0g) ulnyD yHh ;dk jcif;/ vkyu

f idk af qmif&u
G cf iG fh
&So
d nf? twnfwus ae&mr&Sad om wae&mrSwae&modk@ oGm;vmvSnv
fh nf vkyu
f idk f
=u&aom ysu
H stvkyo
f rm;rsm;/ ud,
k yf idk t
f vkyv
f yk o
f rl sm;ESiw
fh w
d u
d sus tvkyv
f yk f
olrsm;/ wdusonfh tvky&f iS rf sm; r&Sad omtvkyo
f rm;rsm;onf rnfonfOh ya'
jyXmef;csuu
f rdk Ss csKd ;azmufjcif;r&Syd J if;wdk@tcsi;f csi;f tjyeftvSef tultnDay;&efEiS fh
tumtuG,af y;&ef/ tvkyo
f rm;tzGJ@tpnf;rsm;udk zGJ@pnf;Ekid o
f nf?
yk'rf (114)
Edik if aH wmf tkycf sKyfa&;ydik ;f qdik f&m tpd;k &ud,
k pf m;jyKaom 0efxrf;rsm;ESifh ppfbufqidk &f m
ESifh &Jbufqidk &f m tr_xrf;t&mxrf;rsm;wdk@onf w&m;0ifaom &nf&,
G cf surf sm;
xm;I toif;tzGJ@rsm; zGJ@pnf;Ekid o
f nf?
yk'rf (115)
pDrcH ef@cGaJ &;qdik &f m tvkyo
f rm;rsm;/ Edik if aH wmfyidk v
f yk if ef;rsm;. refae*sm/ pDrcH ef@cGJ
tkycf sKyforl sm; tygt0ifEiS fh jynfol@0efxrf;wdk@onf rnfonfh tvkyo
f rm;tzGJ@
tpnf;udk zGJ@pnf;jcif; (0g) yg0ifjcif;/ ulnaD xmufyjHh cif;ay;rsm; jyKvkycf iG rfh &S?d
}uD;}uyfuyG u
f jJ cif;ydik ;f qdki&f m tvkyo
f rm;rsm;onf t&m&Srd [kwaf om tvkyo
f rm;
rsm; tzG@t
J pnf;wGif yg0ifcGifhr&Syd g? odk@aomf oD;jcm; if;wdk@pak ygi;f I tvkyo
f rm;
tzGJ@tpnf;rsm; zGJ@pnf;jcif;/ yg0ifjcif;/ ulnaD xmufyjhH cif;rsm; jyKvkyEf ikd o
f nf?
yk'rf (116)
tvkyo
f rm;rsm; tjyeftvSeu
f n
l &D ef/ umuG,af y;&efEiS fh pnf;&k;H &ef/ if;wdk@. tcGifh
ta&;vkyu
f idk af qmif&u
G }f u&mwGif rnforl qdk wm;jrpfjcif;/ t"rRtiftm;oH;k jcif;/
cGjJ cm;r_jyKvkyjf cif; (0g) 0ifa&mufpu
G zf ufjcif; rsm;jyKvkycf aJh omf w&m;Oya' csKd ;azmuf
jcif;yif jzpfonf?

zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -75

&&Srd nft
h cGit
fh a&;xJwiG f tvkyo
f rm;rsm; tjyeftvSeu
f n
l aD y;&ef (0g) tumtuG,f
ay;&ef(0g) rdrw
d dk@pw
d f =udKufa&G;cs,af om ud,
k pf m;vS,rf sm;rSwqifh pkaygi;f aphpyf!EdS id_ ;f
ay;&ef ponf&h nf&,
G cf surf sm;jzifh if;&nf&,
G cf surf sm;udv
k nf; wufnv
D ufnpD mG jzifh
w&m;Oya'abmiftwGi;f rS aqmif&u
G Ef idkf &f ef tvkyo
f rm;tzGJ@tpnf;rsm;udk zGJ@pnf;
Edik cf iG /fh yg0ifEidk fciG (fh 0g) ulnaD xmufyEHh idk cf iG w
fh dk@yg0if&rnf// Tud"k yg &nf&,
G cf surf sm;
tm;vH;k twGuf txl;ojzifah tmufaz:jyyg yk'rf rsm;t&---- tvkyo
f rm;rsm;tay:
rw&m;aom aqmif&u
G jf cif;rsm;tay:ESifh ywfoufjyD; Tud"k wGiaf z:jyxm;aom
aumfrwDrsm;wGiyf g0ifrnfh if;wdk@.ud,
k pf m;vS,rf sm;udk vGwv
f yfpmG a&G;cs,Ef idk &f efEiS fh
if;uk,
d pf m;vS,rf sm;onf tvkyo
f rm;rsm;ud,
k pf m; vGw
G v
f yfpmG vkyaf qmifEidk cf Gifh
&So
d nfudk todtrSwjf yK&efEiS fh if;wdk@onf rnfonft
h vkyf&iS .
f [ef@wm;jcif;/ t"rR
apcdik ;f jcif;/ v$r;f rd;k jcif;/ cGjJ cm;owfrw
S jf cif;(0g) rw&m;pGmtultnDay;jcif;wdk@. t&dyf
=oZmatmufodk@ rusa&mufap&efwdk@jzpfonf//
G. Unfair Labour Practices

tvkyo
f rm;rsm;tay: rw&m;aomvkyaf qmifjcif;rsm;?
yk'rf (117) Unfair Labour Practices of employers.
tvky&f iS rf sm;. tvkyo
f rm;rsm;tay: rw&m;aomvkyaf qmifjcif;rsm;//
tvky&f iS w
f OD;taejzifh atmufygwdk@jyKvkyaf omf w&m;r0ifjcif;jzpfonf//
(u) tvkyo
f rm;rsm;tjyeftvSet
f ultnDay;&efEiS fh tumtuG,af y;&ef(0g)ud,
k yf idk f
pnf;H;k oif;zGJ@&ef if;wdk@.tcGit
fh a&;rsm;t& vkyu
f idk af qmif&u
G &f mwGif Tud"k wGif
zGJ@pnf;xm;aomaumfrwDrsm;Y yg0if&ef ud,
k pf m;vS,rf sm;a&G;cs,&f mwGif 0ifa&muf
pGuzf ufjcif;/ wm;jrpf[ef@wm;jcif; (0g) t"rRapcdki;f jcif;wdk@ jyKvkyv
f #if (0g) if;
ud,
k pf m;vS,rf sm;ukd 0ifa&mufpu
G zf ufjcif; wm;jrpf[ef@wm;jcif; (0g) t"rRapcdik ;f jcif;
wdk@jyKvkyv
f #if w&m;r0ifjcif;jzpfonf//
(c) tvkycf ef@ay;&efvt
dk yfaom tajcw&yftaejzifh atmufyguo
Jh dk@ owfrw
S af omf

zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -76

w&m;r0ifjcif; jzpfonf// vlwOD; (0g) tvkyo

f rm;wOD;onf tvkyo
f rm; tzGJ@
tpnf;odk@ r0if& (0g) yg0ifxm;aomtzGJ@rS E_wx
f w
k af y;&ef/ (0g) Tud"k wGif
yg0ifonfh rnfonfah umfrwD. rnfonfq
h ;Hk jzwfcsuf (0g) rnfonfyh *k K~d vfwOD;OD;tm;
axmufcjH cif; (0g) qef@usijf cif;rjyK&efowfrw
S af omf//
(*) 0efaqmifrr_ sm;ESifh vkyif ef;rsm;udk vkyaf qmifay;jcif;ukd zsuo
f rd ;f &yfqidk ;f jcif;
jyKvkyv
f #if Todk@vyk af qmifjcif;a=umifh Tud"k wGiaf zmfjyxnfo
h iG ;f xm;aom
tvkyo
f rm;rsm;. tcGit
fh a&;udk usio
fh ;Hk &mwGif 0ifa&mufpu
G zf ufjcif;/ wm;qD;
[ef@wm;jcif; (0g) t"rRapcdik ;f jcif; wdk@jzpfay:Edik o
f nf//
(C) Tuk"d wGiaf zmfjyxm;onfh rnfonfah umfrwD. tvkyo
f rm;ud,
k pf m;vS,f
rsm; a&G;cs,af &;vkyif ef; tpOfEiS yfh wfoufIvnf;aumif;/ rnfonft
h vkyo
f rm;
tzGJ@tpnf;. vkyaf qmifcsujf zpfaomzGJ@pnf;jcif; (0g) tkycf sKyfjcif;ESifh if;.pnf;H;k a&;
orm; (0g) axmufco
H rl sm;wdk@udk aiGa=u;axmufyjHh cif; (0g) tjcm;tultnDay;jcif;
wdk@tygt0if ponfwdk@wiG f ud,
k w
f idk af &S@aqmifay;jcif;/ v$r;f rd;k csKyfuidk af y;jcif;/ ulnrD p
jcif; (0g) wenf;wvrf;tm;jzifh 0ifa&mufpu
G zf ufjcif;jyKvkyv
f #if (0g) rnfonfh
aumfrwD. rnfonfq
h ;Hk jzwfcsuw
f iG rf qdk 0ifa&mufpu
G zf uf&ef =udK;pm;tm;xkwv
f #if
w&m;r0ifjcif;jzpfonf//
(i) rnfonft
h vkyo
f rm;tzGJ@tpnf;. tzGJ@0ifjzpfvm&ef tm;ay;jcif; (0g) tm;ray;
bJ pdwyf suv
f mapjcif; wdk@jyKvky&f eftwGuf vkycf rsm; tvkyv
f yk &f onfeh m&Daygi;f ESifh
tvkyEf iS fh ywfoufaom tjcm;rSwcf surf sm;ESifh tajctaewdk@udk cGjJ cm;owfrw
S jf cif;
jyKvkyv
f #if (0g) Tuk"d wGif xnfoiG ;f zGJ@pnf;xm;aom rnfonfah umfrwDtwGuf
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H. Unfair Labour Practices of Labour Organziations

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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

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yk'rf (122)
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dk pf m;rjyK&? odk@aomfvnf; tvkyf
orm;wOD;csi;f (0g) if;.ud,
k pf m;vS,o
f nf epfemcsu/f rauseyfcsuw
f dk@udk tvky&f iS f
tm; rnfonft
h csed rf qdk wifjyEdik cf iG &fh o
Sd nf? xdo
k dk@wifjycsuu
f dk udu
k n
f aSd y;jcif;onf
rnfonft
h oH;k jyKEdik af om pkaygi;f aphpyf!ESd id_ ;f oabmwlcsuEf iS fh qef@usizf v
D mjcif;
jzpfro
S m jyKvkyEf idk o
f nf? if;tjyif Todk@wifjy&efrmS vnf; oD;oef@pak ygi;f aphpyf
!SEd id_ ;f a&; ud,
k pf m;vS,u
f dk Edk@wpfpmay;ydk@ta=umif;=um;+yD;jzpf&rnf?
yk'rf (126) Representation issue in organized establishments
aumif;pGmzGJ@pnf;xm;aom tzGJ@tpnf;rsm;wGif }uHKawG@&aom ud,
k pf m;vS,af &G;cs,f
onfh jy\emrsm;?
(u) aumif;rGepf mG zGJ@pnf;xm;aom tzGJ@tpnf;rsm;wGif vuf&w
Sd m0ef xrf;aqmif
aeaom oD;oef@aphpyf!ESd id_ ;f a&;ud,
k pf m;vS,rf sm;. orm"d/ *k%x
f ;l / &mxl;wdk@udk
oHo,&Sv
d #if uef@uu
G af r;jref;vdo
k nfh cdik v
f aHk om yef=um;v$mudk tvkyo
f rm; 0ef}uD;
H;k odk@ pkaygi;f aphpyf!ESd id_ ;f a&;oabmwlcsu(f pmcsKyf) oufwrf;rukeq
f ;Hk rD &ufaygi;f (60)
umvtwGi;f wifoiG ;f vmcJah omf tvkyo
f rm;rsm;.qENudk aocsmpGmxkwaf zmfjy&ef
aphpyf!ESd id_ ;f a&; (Xmepdy)f ,lepf&Sd tvkyo
f rm;rsm;tm;vH;k . (25) &mcdik Ef e_ ;f rSvnf;
pma&;I oabmwlnaD =umif; xdyk ef=um;v$mudk axmufccH yJh gu 0ef}uD;Xme (0g)
aphpyf!ESd id_ ;f jcif; pwifaomtcsed rf pS I yk'rf (---)t& 0ef}uD;XmerS cef@tyfxm;aom
cHo
k rm"dv}l uD;onf v#Kd@0u
S q
f ENraJ y;aom a&G;aumufyu
GJ dk usi;f yap&ef tvkd
tavsmuf trdef@ay;&rnf?

zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -84

(c) qENay;aom rJta&twGuf tenf;qH;k (50) &mckid Ef e_ ;f &&Sad om tvkyo

f rm;tzGJ@
tpnf;onf oD;oef@ pkaygi;f aphpyfnEdS id_ ;f a&;uk,
d pf m;vS,t
f jzpf twnfjyK axmufcH
jcif; cH&rnf?
oH;k zGJ@ESit
fh xufyg0if ta&G;cHaom a&G;aumufyw
GJ iG f qkv
d o
kd nfrmS or*~ (2)
ckEiS fh txufrS ,SOjf ydKif ta&G;cHv#if ,SOjf ydKifor#aom or*~rsm;tm;vH;k twGuf
pkpak ygi;f &&Sad om rJta&twGuo
f nf xnf0h ifrJ tm;vH;k . (50) &mckid Ef e_ ;f &&Scd aJh omf
rJta&twGuf trsm;qH;k &&So
d nfo
h r*~(2)ck t=um; 'kw,
d t}udrf a&G;aumufy(GJ Runoff Election) jyKvkyaf y;&rnf?
tu,fI 'kw,
d t}udrf a&G;aumufyYGJ rnfonfo
h r*~rS rJtrsm;pkukd r&&Syd J
jzpfaecJah omf tvkyo
f rm;0ef}uD; (Xme)rS xkwjf yefaom vufawG@toH;k jyK&rnfh pnf;
rsO;f rsm;t& or*~wckprD aS eI 'kw,
d t}udrf a&G;aumufyYGJ &&Scd o
Jh nfh rJta&twGuf
tcsK;d tpm;tvku
d f cef@tyfay;vku
d af om (7) OD;yg0ifonfh yl;wGo
J r*~ pkaygi;f aphpyf
ndES id_ ;f a&; aumfrwDukd zGJ@pnf;&ef 0ef}uD;(okd@r[kw)f cHo
k rm"d&v
Sd }l uD;rS trdef@ay;&rnf?
or*~wckprD S cef@tyfvu
kd af om tzGJ@0ifxrJ S tenf;qH;k wOD;onf 4if;,lepf (Xmepdy)f rS
(t&m&Sd r[kwaf om) omreftzGJ@0ifjzpf&rnf?
yl;wGaJ umfrwDonf pkaygi;f aphpyfnEdS id_ ;f a&;qkid &f m udpt
P m;vH;k twGuf oD;jcm;
uk,
d pf m;vS,t
f jzpf twnfjyK axmufcjH cif; cH&rnf? 4if;aumfrwDtzGJ@0ifrsm;onf
&mxl;cef@tyfay;aom or*~. n$e=f um;csuf (z,f&mS ;jcif;ESifh tpm;xk;d jcif;rsm;)ukd
vku
d ef m&rnf?
(*) &ufaygi;f (60) umv oufwef; ukeq
f ;Hk oGm;csed w
f iG f uk,
d pf m;vS,f twnfjyK
axmufco
H nfh a&G;aumufyGJ (Certification Election) usi;f yay;&ef awmif;cHvm$
wifjyjcif;rjyKcJv
h #if tvky&f iS o
f nf vuf&w
Sd m0ef&aSd eaom oD;oef@ pkaygi;f aphpyf!EdS id_ f;
a&; ud,
k pf m;vS,t
f rsm;pk. tqift
h wef;ukd qufvuf todtrSwjf yK&rnf?

zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -85

yk'rf (127) Petitions in Unorganized Establishments

aocsmpGm zGJ@pnf;xm;aom tzGJ@tpnf;rsm;twGuf toem;cHvm$ (awmif;cHvm$ )
wifoiG ;f jcif;?
oD;oef@pak ygi;f aphpyf!EdS id_ f;a&; ud,
k pf m;vS,rf &Sad om tzGJ@tpnf;wckwiG f rSwyf w
Hk ifjyD;
aom tvkyo
f rm; tzGJ@tpnf; (or*~) wckrS aeI awmif;cHvm$ wifoiG ;f cJah om
tvkyo
f rm;0ef}uD;&H;k rSaeI
uk,
d pf m;vS,t
f wnfjyK
axmufccH suaf y;aom
a&G;aumufyGJ (Certification Election) usi;f yay;&rnf? ESpcf k (okd@r[kw)f ESpcf x
k uf
ykad om tvkyo
f rm;tzGJ@tpnf;(or*~)rsm;rS ,H=k unfavmufaom "rR"Xd mefusaom
oufaocHcsurf sm;tay: tajccHI oD;oef@pak ygi;f aphpyfndSEid_ ;f a&; uk,
d pf m;vS,rf sm;
tjzpf ae&m/ tqif/h &ykid cf GiEfh iS fh wjydKifeufwnf; tvky&f iS Ef iS fh aphpyf!EdS id_ f;a&;ukyd g
awmif;qkv
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S yg; rnfonft
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f rS awmif;cHvm$ wifjyjcif;
(okd@r[kw)f or*~. *k%o
f u
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h wef;ukd oHo,jzihf ar;jref;jcif; rjyK&?
yk'rf (128)
uk,
d pf m;vS,t
f wnfjyKaxmufcaH y;a&; (Ceritification)onf jy\emw&yfjzpfae
aom udpw
P ikd ;f wGif 0ef}uD;Xme okd@r[kwf cHo
k rm"dv}l uD; (tzGJ@)onf 0ef}uD;XmerS
jyXmef;xm;aom pnf;rsO;f pnf;urf;rsm;ESit
fh nD &ufaygi;f (20)twGi;f uk,
d pf m;vS,f
twnfjyK axmufco
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rJay;Ekid o
f rl sm;
rJay;&ef
t&nftcsi;f jynfrh jSD cif;ESiafh &G;aumufy&GJ vm'frsm;ukad &G;aumuf
yGJ
pnf;rsO;f
pnf;urf;ESit
hf nD 0ef}uD;Xme (okd@r[kw)f cHo
k rm"dv}l uD; (tzGJ@)rS tqH;k
tjzwfay;&rnf? qH;k jzwfcsuu
f kd trsK;d om;tvkyo
f rm;qufqaH &;&H;k okd@ wifjyjcif;rS
wyg; jyefvnf oH;k oyfciG rfh &Sdap&? cHo
k rm"dv}l uD; (tzGJ@). a&G;aumufy&GJ vm'fwkd@ukd
a&G;aumufyw
GJ iG f yg0if ,SOjf ydKifaom rnfonft
h zGJ@urqkd txufwiG f azmfjyxm;aom
yk'rf ESit
fh nD &S&d rnf? rnfonft
h cgwiG rf S toem;cHjcif;onf aphpyf!EdS id_ ;f wm0efukd
&yfqikd ;f jcif; rjyK&?

zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -86

yk'rf (1
(129) Grievance Machinery and Voluntary Arbitration
epfemcsuu
f dk ajz&Si;f ay;aom tvkyt
f zGJ@ESifh w&m;pD&ifq;Hk jzwf&ef av#muf
xm;aomtzGJ@?
pkaygi;f aphpyf!EdS i_d f;a&; oabmwlpmcsKyfudk t"dy`g,zf iG q
fh &dk mYvnf;aumif; vufawG@
usio
fh ;Hk &mYvnf;aumif; ay:ayguv
f maomjy\emrsm;/ tvkyXf mersm;/ ukr%
R rD sm;rS
t&m&Srd sm;twGuf rl0g'rsm;/ tvkyt
f udik Ef iS yfh wfoufaom owfrw
S cf surf sm;ESifh
tajctaersm;wdk@EiS fh tjcm;ae&mrsm;rSay:ayguv
f maom jy\emrsm;ESit
fh vky+f rJ+rHI
vH+k cHKr_ &d&S efpaom jiif;ckejf cif;rsm;udk pD&ifq;Hk jzwfay;&ef (pkaygi;f aphpyf!EdS id_ ;f a&;)
oabmwlncD suw
f iG f yg0ifaomtzGJ@rsm;onfepfemcsuEf iS fh pD&ifq;Hk jzwfcsuv
f yk x
f ;Hk
vkyef nf;rsm; udk owfrw
S af y;&rnf?
epfemcsuu
f adk jz;&Si;f ay;aom tvkyt
f zGJ@odk@wifjyvmaom epfemcsurf sm;tm;vH;k udk
wifjyonfh ae&ufrpS I (7) &uftwGi;f ajz&Si;f ay;Edik jf cif;r&dScaJh omf pkaygi;f aphpyf!EdS _di;f
a&; oabmwlncD suw
f iG f az:jyxm;aom w&m;pD&ifq;Hk jzwf&ef cH&k ;Hk tzGJ@odk@ tqH;k t
jzwfjyKvkyaf y;&ef tvdt
k avsmuf wifjy+yD;jzpf&rnf? xko
d dk@aoma=umif;a=umifh (pk
aygi;f appyf!EdS id_ ;f a&;) oabmwlncD suw
f iG f yg0ifaom tzGJ@rsm;onf cHo
k rm"dv}l uD;
(tzGJ@)tm; }udKwifowfrw
S cf ef@tyfxm;&rnf? odk@r[kwf trsK;d om;tvkyo
f rm; quf
qHa&; w&m;&H;k rS oifah v#mpf mG ,H=k unfvufcx
H m;aom cHo
k rm"dv}l uD;wOD; (0g) cHk
orm"dv}l uD;rsm;tzGJ@uadk &G;cs,&f ef vkyx
f ;Hk vkyef nf;udk oabmwlncD supf mcsKyfwiG f
xnfo
h iG ;f xm;+yD; }udKwif a&G;cs,cf ef@tyfxm;&rnf? tu,fI tzGJ@rsm;rSae+yD;
cHo
k rm"d vl}uD;wOD; (0g) cHo
k rm"d vl}uD;rsm;tzGJ@ukd a&G;cs,&f ef ysuu
f u
G cf aJh omf
tvkyo
f rm;0ef}uD; (Xme) onf tqdyk gv}l uD;tzGJ@udk a&G;cs,cf ef@tyf&rnf?
yk'rf (130) Jurisdiction of Arbitrators
cHo
k rm"dtzGJ@. w&m;pD&ifyidk cf Gi?fh
cHo
k rm"dv}l uD;(tzGJ@)onf pkaygi;f aphpyf!EdS id_ ;f a&; oabmwlpmcsKyfudk t"dy`g,zf iG q
fh &dk m
Yvnf;aumif; vufawG@usio
fh ;Hk &mYvnf;aumif; ay:ayguv
f maomjy\emrsm;/
tvkyXf mersm;/ ukr%
R rD sm;rS t&m&drS sm;twGuf rl0g'tvkyt
f udik Ef iS yfh gwo
f ufaom
owfrw
S cf surf sm;ESifh tajctaersm;qdik &f m tvkyt
f mrcHcsu&f +dS yD; vH+k cHKpdwcf sr&_ &d efwdk@

zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -87

rSm jzpfay:vmaom jiif;ckejf cif;rsm;udk pD&ifq;Hk jzwf ay;&ef oD;oef@txl; w&m;pD&ifyidk f

cGi&fh o
dS nf? trsK;d om;tvkyo
f rm;qufqaH &; w&m;&H;k ESifhygwo
f ufI Tud"k wGif
xnfo
h iG ;f xm;jcif;rSwyg;rnfonfw
h &m;&H;k rS w&m;pD&ifcsuu
f dk rpGuzf uf&? cHo
k rm"d
tzGJ@. w&m;pD&ifyidk cf iG ft
h wGi;f 0ef}uD;Xme. a&S@wiG &f adS om rnfonfu
h pd rP qdk w&m;
pD&ifay;&ef csujf cif; cHo
k rm"dv}l uD; (tzGJ@) xH wifjy&rnf?
yk'rf (131) Jurisdiction over other labour disputes
tjcm;aomtvkyo
f rm;jiif;cHrk r_ sm;tay:w&m;pD&ifyidk cf Gifh
cHo
k rm"dv}l uD; (0g) cHo
k rm"dv}l uD;tzGJ@onf/ tzGJ@rsm;. oabmwlncD sut
f & vdycf J
wnf;vnf;jzpfaeaom aphpyf!EdS id_ ;f jcif;ESifh tvkyo
f rm;rsm;tay: rw&m;pGm jyKrljcif;
rsm; tyg0if tjcm;aomtvkyo
f rm; jiif;cHrk r_ sm; tm;vH;k udk =um;emppfaq;+yD; qH;k jzwf
csuf csay;Edik cf iG &fh o
dS nf?
yk'rf (132)
cHo
k rm"dv}l uD; (0g) cHo
k rm"dw&m;ol}uD;rsm;tzGJ@wiG f tr_=um;emppfaq;&efoufao
vufc&H efEiS fh tzGJ@rsm;twGi;f ajz&Si;f ajyvnfr&_ &daS p&eftyg0if jiif;cHkra_ jyvnfomG ;ap
a&;twGuf vdt
k yfovdk ta&;,l&ef tm%m&do
S nf? xko
d dk@r[kwb
f J tzGJ@rsm;onf
tjcm;enf;vrf;udk oabmwlaomf cHo
k rm"dv}l uD; (0g) cHt
k zGJ@onf jiif;cHrk &_ ;Hk wifvm
onfah e@&ufrpS I jyuQ'ed f&ufaygi;f
(20) &uftwGi;f
w&m;pD&ifcsuu
f dk
csrw
S af y;&rnf? w&m;pD&ifcsuw
f iG f tcsut
f vufrsm;ESifh if;tajccHaom Oya'udk
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h iG ;f ay;&rnf? tzGJ@rsm;rS if;pD&ifcsurf w
d LW udv
k ufcH&&d+S yD; jyuQ'ed &f uf (10)
&uf=um+yD;aomf if;pD&if csuo
f nf t+yD;owfaemufq;Hk ESifh Oya't&
twnfjzpfap&rnf? cHo
k rm"dtwGuf ay; aqmif&rnfhtca=u;aiGudk tzGJ@rsm;rS
yl;wGaJ y;aqmif&rnf (odk@r[kw)f
pkaygi;f aphpyf!dS Edi_ ;f a&;oabmwlcsuw
f iG f
owfrw
S q
f ;Hk jzwfxm;onft
h wdik ;f jzpfap&rnf?

zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -88

J. Strikes and Lockouts

oydwaf rSmufjcif;ESifh tvky&f iS rf ,

S m,Dtvky&f yfqidk ;f xm;jcif;
yk'rf (133) Strikes, picketing, and lockouts
oydwaf rSmufjcif;/ qENjyoydww
f m;jcif;ESifh tvky&f iS rf S ,m,Dtvky&f yf
qdik ;f xmjcif;?
(u) pkaygi;f aphpyf!EdS i_d ;f &ef(0g) tjyeftvSeu
f n
l aD p&efEiS fh tumuG,af y;&efwdk@twGuf
&nf&,
G +f yD; tvkyo
f rm;rsm;onf wufnv
D ufnD yl;aygi;f aqmif&u
G af om vkyaf qmif
csurf sm;udk aqmif&u
G &f eftcGifh ta&;&do
S nf? TOya'jyXmef;csuw
f iG t
f vkyo
f rm;rsm;
ESifh rSwyf w
Hk if+yD;aom tvkyo
f rm;tzGJ@tpnf;rsm; oydwaf rSmuf&efEiS fh qENjyoydwf
wm;&ef tcGit
fh a&;ESit
fh vkyf&iS rf sm;tvkyu
f dk ,m,D&yfqidk ;f xm;&ef tcGit
fh a&;wdk@udk
todtrSwjf yKxm;ygonf? odk@aomfvnf; or*~wckEiS w
fh ckt=um;ESifh or*~wcktwGi;f
Y jzpfay:aomjiif;cHrk r_ sm;ESifh ygwo
f ufonft
h a=umif;jycsujf zifh rnfonft
h vkyo
f rm;
or*~rS oydwaf rSmufjcif;ESifh rnfonft
h vky&f iS u
f rS ,m,D&yfqidk ;f a=umif; a=ujimjcif;
rjyKvky&f ?
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J nf;vnf;jzpfI &yfqidk ;f ae&onfh aphpyf!EdS id_ f;jcif;udprP sm;wGif oD;oef@
pkaygi;f !dES id_ ;f a&; ud,
k pf m;vS,o
f nf oydwaf rSmufrnf[o
l nfh owday;pmwifjycsuf
(0g) tvky&f iS o
f nf tvky,
f m,D&yfqidk ;f xm;rnf[o
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f dk
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G rf nf&h ufxuf tenf;qH;k (30) &uf }udKwifI 0ef}uD;Xmeodk@
wifoiG ;f Edik o
f nf? tvkyo
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aom jzpf&yfrsm;wGirf _ owday;pmwifoiG ;f csed rf mS (2) &uf }udKwifI xko
d wday;pmudk
rSwyf w
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f rm; tzGJ@tpnf;rS if;.tzGJ@0ifrsm;ud,
k pf m; wyfoiG ;f Edik f
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f ifajrmufxm;aom or*~.t&m&drS sm;
udk tvkyrf x
S w
k yf ,fypfjcif;/ xko
d dk@jyKvkyjf cif;a=umif; or*~udk +zdKcGzJ supf ;D onfh oabm
oufa&mufjcif;/ or*~&yfwnfjcif;udk xdyg;vmjcif; ponfu
h pd &P yfwiG f or*~onf
csujf cif; rqdik ;f rwG ta&;,lEidk o
f nf?

zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -89

(C) }udKwifowday;onfh owday;pmonf tvkyo

f rm;0ef}uD;rS xkwjf yefa=ujimxm;
aomvufawG@ taumiftxnfaz:onfh pnf;rsO;f pnf;urf;rsm;ESit
fh nDjzpf&rnf?
(i) at;aq;wnf+idraf om umvydik ;f odk@a&mufodk@ a&mufvmcsed w
f iG f tvdq
k ENrsm;
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f m;
xkw}f udK;yrf;ay;&ef wm0ef&o
dS nf? }udKwifowday;pm wifoiG ;f +yD;aemuf apmifq
h idk ;f &ef
vdt
k yfaom ae@&ufrsm; ukev
f eG o
f mG ;onfw
h idk af tmif jiif;cHrk o
_ nf ajyvnfatmif
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f rm;or*~onf oydwaf rSmufEidk o
f nf (0g)
tvky&f iS o
f nf tvkyu
f dk ,m,D&yfqikd ;f a=umif; a=ujimEdik fonf?
(p) oydwaf rSmufa=umif;a=ujim&ef qH;k jzwfcsucf s&mwGif or*~.tajccH zGJ@pnftyk cf sKyf
yHk pnf;rsO;f ESifh a'oEW& Oya'rsm;ESifh oabmwlncD su&f &d&S rnf? tvky,
f m,D&yfqidk ;f
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f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -95

aiGay;jcif; (odk@r[kw)f tzk;d wefypPn;f vufajymif;ay;jcif;onf tvkyo

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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -96

(C) rnfonftvkyo
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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -97

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f nf?

zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -98

yk'rf (142)
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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -99

tu,fI tvkyo
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zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if Htvkyo

f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -100

oGi;f Edkicf iG o
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a&;aumfrwD. tzGJ@0ifrsm;wkd@onf 4if;wkd@ or*~. n$e=f um;jcif;/ z,f&mS ;jcif;ESifh ae&m
tpm;xk;d jcif;wdk@udk vku
d ef m&rnfjzpfjyD; &mxl;twGut
f a&G;rcHru
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f rm;Oya' (rl=urf;)

pmrsuEf mS -101

a&mufonfh oabmwlncD suu

f dk vufrw
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oihaf wmfavsmu
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d [laom ta=umif;jycsurf sm;a=umifh Tyk'rf t& jyKvkyo
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(Certification Election) jzih4
f if;/ or*~wckonf 50 &mcdik Ef e_ f;tm;jzifh a&G;cs,jf cif;
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d nf?
(3) yxrt=udrYf rnfonfh or*~urS rEkid b
f ;l onfh xyfrjH yKvkyaf om a&G;aumufyGJ
(run off) wGif yg&aSd om trdef@t& yl;wGo
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ud,
k pf m;vS,t
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f rm;rsm;uk,
d pf m;vS,f
aqmif&u
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f yk u
f ikd Ef ikd o
f nf? aphpyfnESd id_ ;f jcif;jyK&efuo
dk m or*~rsm;onf t"rR raqmif
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