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Predicates and Quantifiers

Predicates are statements containing variables that become propositions when the variables are assigned values. Quantifiers express whether a predicate is true for all or some values in a given domain. The universal quantifier ∀ reads "for all" and is true only if the predicate is true for all values. The existential quantifier ∃ reads "there exists" and is true if the predicate is true for at least one value. Examples demonstrate checking if predicates are true for all or some values to determine if the corresponding universal or existential quantifier statement is true.

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30 views1 page

Predicates and Quantifiers

Predicates are statements containing variables that become propositions when the variables are assigned values. Quantifiers express whether a predicate is true for all or some values in a given domain. The universal quantifier ∀ reads "for all" and is true only if the predicate is true for all values. The existential quantifier ∃ reads "there exists" and is true if the predicate is true for at least one value. Examples demonstrate checking if predicates are true for all or some values to determine if the corresponding universal or existential quantifier statement is true.

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LuluBeelie
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Predicates and Quantifiers Predicates A predicate is a statement that contains variables, Predicates become

propositions once every variable is bound . Examples: Let P(x) denote the statement x<7 .What the true values ? a) P(0)- TRUE b) P(3)-TRUE c) P(9)-FALSE Quantifiers Quantification expresses the extent to which a predicate is true over a range of elements. A quantifier is an operator that limits the variables of a proposition
Universal Quantifier P(x) reads for all value of x in the domain ,

Notation: universal quantifier xP(x) Examples 1: Let P(x) be the statement x<6.What the true value of the quantification xP(x) Where the domain consists of all real numbers ? Solution : P(x) is not true for every real number x, because, for instance P(9) is false because , x=9 then xP(x) is FALSE Examples 2: U = {positive integers not exceeding 3} and P(x): x2 < 10 What is the truth value of x P(x) P(1) ^ P(2) ^ P (3) T ^ T ^ T = TRUE
Existential Quantifier Reads there exists x in the domain such that P(x) ,

Notation: existential quantifier xP(x) Example : U = {positive integers not exceeding 4} and P(x): x2 > 10 What is the truth value of x P(x) P(1) v P(2) v P(3) v P(4) P(4) = 42 >10 , is true ,it follows that xP(x) is TRUE

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