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107 Flowcharts

A flowchart is a tool used to graphically represent an algorithm using special geometric symbols connected by arrows. The most basic flowchart shows the sequential order of steps without branching. More sophisticated flowcharts make decisions using symbols like processing, decision, and offpage connector. Arrows show the order and flow of information between symbols.

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Syed Abdul Hannan
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90 views3 pages

107 Flowcharts

A flowchart is a tool used to graphically represent an algorithm using special geometric symbols connected by arrows. The most basic flowchart shows the sequential order of steps without branching. More sophisticated flowcharts make decisions using symbols like processing, decision, and offpage connector. Arrows show the order and flow of information between symbols.

Uploaded by

Syed Abdul Hannan
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MET 107 Flowcharts

A flowchart is a tool used to graphically represent an algorithm, which is a list of steps necessary to solve a problem or perform some activity. The flowchart consists of special geometric symbols containing a phrase to describe the step. The symbols are connected by arrows which describe the flow. The more commonly used symbols are: Symbol Name Flowline Description Connects symbols and shows the flow of the algorithm logic.

Terminal

Used to represent the Start and the End of the steps

Input/Output

Descibes data to be read into the program or printed and displayed by the program. Used to describe arithmetic and data-manipulation operations. Used for logic or comparison operations. The outflow path depends on the answer to the yes/no question asked.

Processing

Decision

Predefined Process

Represents another predefined algorithm

Connector

Connects different flowlines

Offpage Connector

Connects flowlines between sheets.

Arrows connecting flowchart symbols have two meanings: 1. They show the order in which the transformations are to be performed 2. They show the pathway or flow of given information going into a symbol and required information coming out. The most basic type of flowchart is the sequential flowchart. In this case, the flow proceeds from the beginning of the steps to the end without any branching operations. More sophisticated flowcharts make decisions which allow the program to branch depending on the outcome of an asked question.

107-Flowcharts.doc 9/6/2007

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EXAMPLE: Develop a flowchart for finding the area of a rectangle. The flowchart for this algorithm is:
A

Start

Get Length

Get Height

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

TITLE: DESCRIPTION:

B C D Rectangle Area Calculation

Computes the area of a rectangle from the length and width parameters which are input by the user. Length = Height = 2 4

PARAMETERS:

CALCULATIONS:

Area = Length x Height =

Area = Length x Height

Cell Formula: =D6*D7

Print Area

End

EXAMPLE: Develop a flowchart to sort two numbers in ascending order.


A B C Two Number Sort D E F

Start

Get the Numbers X&Y

Is X > Y?

Yes

Print Y, X

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

TITLE: DESCRIPTION:

Sorts two numbers into ascending order using an if-block. X= Y= 6 4

PARAMETERS:

CALCULATIONS: Smallest = Biggest = 4 6

No Print X, Y

Cell Formula: D10: =IF(D6>D7,D7,D6) D11: =IF(D6>D7,D6,D7)

End

Note that there are other, maybe easier, ways to do this! Can you think of one?

107-Flowcharts.doc 9/6/2007

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An If-Block is a tool used to compare two things in programming. It does one set of steps if the condition specified is true, and another set of steps or nothing if the condition is false. The general structure is: IF condition THEN Step(s) if true ELSE Step(s) if false ENDIF The else and step(s) if false are optional. In structured programming, the ENDIF command is required to tell the computer that it has reached the end of the If-block. This command is not used in Excel. Sometimes, the ELSE commands can be another if-block. This technique is called nested ifs.

EXAMPLE: Develop a flowchart to determine if a number is greater than, less than, or equal to another number.
A

Start

Get the Numbers X and Y

Is X = Y?

Yes

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

TITLE: DESCRIPTION:

B C Two Number Sort

Determine if a number X is greater than, less than, or equal to a number Y X= Y= 6 8

PARAMETERS:

CALCULATIONS: Result: X<Y

Print EQUAL Cell Formula: D10: =IF(D6=D7,EQUAL,IF(D6>D7,X > Y,X < Y))

No Is X > Y? Yes Print X > Y

No Print X < Y

End

107-Flowcharts.doc 9/6/2007

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