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Non-Pharmacological Pain Management

This document discusses non-pharmacological pain management strategies for children from the Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne Australia. It outlines that stressful medical procedures can cause fear, anxiety, abnormal pain behaviors and even post-traumatic stress disorder in children. Non-pharmacological interventions like distraction, relaxation and guided imagery can help make pain more tolerable, especially when taught to children and parents in advance. The goals of these strategies are to minimize distress, give children a sense of control, and teach coping skills to improve cooperation and reduce trauma from future procedures.

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Still Doll
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248 views

Non-Pharmacological Pain Management

This document discusses non-pharmacological pain management strategies for children from the Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne Australia. It outlines that stressful medical procedures can cause fear, anxiety, abnormal pain behaviors and even post-traumatic stress disorder in children. Non-pharmacological interventions like distraction, relaxation and guided imagery can help make pain more tolerable, especially when taught to children and parents in advance. The goals of these strategies are to minimize distress, give children a sense of control, and teach coping skills to improve cooperation and reduce trauma from future procedures.

Uploaded by

Still Doll
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Non-pharmacological pain management

Royal Childrens Hospital Melbourne Australia

Painful procedures
During painful procedures children can exhibit: stress fear anxiety

Children's Pain Management Service, RCH, Melbourne

Result of stress, fear and anxiety


Abnormal pain behaviours Post-traumatic stress disorder in severe cases Enormous implications for the child, family and all hospital staff involved with these children on subsequent encounters

Children's Pain Management Service, RCH, Melbourne

Non-pharmacological interventions
Can be used with or without pharmacological support Variety of techniques Effective as coping strategies Help make pain more tolerable

Children's Pain Management Service, RCH, Melbourne

For optimal efficacy


Non-pharmacological interventions need: to be taught to parents and children to be taught to health professionals Experience for advanced interventions is necessary for: guided imagery hypnosis
Children's Pain Management Service, RCH, Melbourne

Goals of non-pharmacological interventions


To minimise fear and distress To make pain more tolerable To give the child a sense of control over the situation and their behaviour To teach and enhance coping strategies for the child To instruct parents in techniques to assist their child

Children's Pain Management Service, RCH, Melbourne

Outcomes of successful nonpharmacological strategies


To have a cooperative, calm, non-traumatised child To complete medical procedures successfully in a timely manner To have subsequent procedures performed with reduced fear and anxiety

Children's Pain Management Service, RCH, Melbourne

Indications
The medical procedure should not be complex or prolonged The child needs to be willing to participate Pharmacological strategies should be considered as well

Children's Pain Management Service, RCH, Melbourne

Contraindications
Non-pharmacological techniques should NOT be attempted during painful procedures without prior instruction and co-operation

Surgical procedures Complex and/or long procedures Distressed, un-cooperative child

Children's Pain Management Service, RCH, Melbourne

Non-pharmacological techniques everyone can implement


Information: explain, explain, explain Parents presence Choices and control Laughter and fun Deep breathing Heat / Cold

Children's Pain Management Service, RCH, Melbourne

Diversion
Choices and control Diversion / distraction Play / relaxation Videos / DVDs / computer games

Children's Pain Management Service, RCH, Melbourne

Controlled breathing
Bubbles Breathing Blowing

Children's Pain Management Service, RCH, Melbourne

Comforting touch
Cuddles Stroking Massage Holding Rocking

Children's Pain Management Service, RCH, Melbourne

Imagination
Story telling / books Guided imagery Favourite activity Magic

Children's Pain Management Service, RCH, Melbourne

Give information
Explain at a level:

the child can understand the child wants to know involve the parents

Children's Pain Management Service, RCH, Melbourne

Relaxation
Deep breathing Relaxing from head to toe Music

Children's Pain Management Service, RCH, Melbourne

RCH pain management info:


http://www.rch.org.au/anaes/pain/

Children's Pain Management Service, RCH, Melbourne

Pain control must be based on scientific fact, not on personal beliefs or opinions

Children's Pain Management Service, RCH, Melbourne

Finally

Optimal pain management is the right of all patients and the responsibility of all health professionals
Children's Pain Management Service, RCH, Melbourne

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