Scribd
Upload
183 views4 pages

Ortho

This document discusses various types of orthopedic casts used to immobilize broken bones and parts of the body during healing. It describes short arm casts, long arm casts, arm cylinder casts, shoulder spica casts, and other casts used for the hand, forearm, arm, shoulder, neck, leg below the knee, full leg, hip, and other areas. The purpose, application process, and indications for different cast types are provided. Nursing considerations for cast care such as skin checks and range of motion exercises are also outlined.

Uploaded by

kelvinkurt
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
183 views4 pages

Ortho

This document discusses various types of orthopedic casts used to immobilize broken bones and parts of the body during healing. It describes short arm casts, long arm casts, arm cylinder casts, shoulder spica casts, and other casts used for the hand, forearm, arm, shoulder, neck, leg below the knee, full leg, hip, and other areas. The purpose, application process, and indications for different cast types are provided. Nursing considerations for cast care such as skin checks and range of motion exercises are also outlined.

Uploaded by

kelvinkurt
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

IV. Cast Types What Are The Various Cast Types ?

An orthopedic cast is designed in the form of a shell. This is mostly prepared from plaster of Paris. The cast is mostly used in encasing a broken limb or a large portion of the body. It helps in holding a broken bone in place to trigger the healing process. Its function is much similar to that of a splint. Various Casts

Short Arm Cast


This type of casts are applied to the hand below the elbow. These are applied on the fractures of the wrist and the forearm. The short arm cast is also used to hold the muscles of the wrist and the forearm in place after the surgery.

Long Arm Cast


The long arm cast is used on the upper portion of the arm including the upper arm, elbow or forearm. This type of cast also helps in acting as a support for the muscles on those areas after a surgery.

Arm Cylinder Cast


This type of cast is used to cover the upper arm up to the wrist. An arm cylinder cast is good to hold the tendons and the elbow muscles in place following a surgery or a dislocation.

Shoulder Spica Cast


This cast is applied to the trunk of the body to the arm, hand and shoulder. It is mostly used after shoulder dislocations surgeries or dislocations at the shoulder area.

Minerva Cast
The Minerva cast is applied around the trunk and the neck of the body. It is used on the neck area or the upper portion of the back area after a surgery.

Short Leg Cast


The short leg cast is used on the area located below the knee proceeding to the foot. It is used in fractures of the lower leg, ankle sprains or fractures and also to hold the muscles and tendons of the leg and the foot in place even after a surgery.

Leg Cylinder Cast


This cylinder leg cast is applied starting on the upper portion of the thigh to the ankle of the leg. It can act as a support to the leg area or the knee area including the knee, lower leg and knee.

Unilateral Hip Spica Cast


This cast is applied starting on chest to the foot in case of a thigh fracture. The hip or thigh muscle and tendons are held in place after a surgery.

One and One-Half Hip Spica Cast


This cast is applied to the foot of one leg and to the knee of the other leg from the chest. Generally a bar is placed between both the legs. This will help in keeping the legs and the hips immobilized.

Bilateral Long Leg Hip Spica Cast


This cast is designed to be applied on the chest to the feet. here also a bar is placed and is mostly applied to the fractures in the thigh, hip and pelvis regions. Short Leg Hip Spica Cast The cast is this case is applied to the knees or thighs from the chest. It also holds the muscles and tendons of the hip area in place following a surgery to process healing.

Abduction Boot Cast


The cast which is applied from the upper thighs to the feet is ideally named as the abduction boot fracture. A bar is placed in between both the legs keeping their legs and hips immobilized.

Types of Cast and Indications


Cast Is a temporary immobilization. Types: Plaster Fiber glass Function To promote healing and early weight bearing. To support, maintain and protect realigned bone. To prevent or correct deformity To immobilize Cast Application 1. Apply the stockinette. 2. Apply the wadding sheet. 3. Fiber glass or the plaster cast Contraindications 1. Pregnancy 2. Skin disease 3. Swelling

4. Open wound 5. Infection Nursing Interventions 1. Handle wet cast with palms of hands, not fingers. 2. Cast should be allowed to air dry. 3. Elevate the cast on one or two pillows during drying. 4. Observe hot spot and musty odor, which is signs and symptoms of infection. 5. Maintain skin integrity petalling 6. Do neurovascular checks such as skin color, skin temperature, sensation, mobility and pulse. 7. Assess for vascular occlusion. 8. Adhesive tape petals reduce irritation at cast edges. 9. Prevent complication of mobility. Types Of Cast, Molds And Indications 1. Airplane cast for humerus and shoulder joint with compound fracture. 2. Basket cast for severe leg trauma with open wound or inflammation. 3. Body cast for lower dorso-lumbar spine affectation. 4. Boot leg cast for hip and femoral fracture. 5. Cast brace for fracture of femur (distal curve) with flexion and extension. 6. Collar cast for cervical affectation. 7. Cylindrical leg cast for fractured patella. 8. Delbit cast for fracture of tibia or fibula. 9. Double hip spica cast for fracture of hip and femur. 10. Double hip spica mold cervical affectation with callus formation. 11. Frog cast for congenital hip dislocation. 12. Functional cast for fractured humerus with abduction and adduction. 13. Hanging cast for fractured shaft of the humerus. 14. Internal rotator splint for post hip operation. 15. Long arm circular cast for fractured radius or ulna 16. Long arm posterior mold for fractured radius or ulna with compound affectation. 17. Long leg circular cast for fractured tibiafibula. 18. Long leg posterior mold for fracture tibiafibula with compound affectation. 19. Minerva cast for upper dorsal or cervical affectation. 20. Munster cast for fractured radius or ulna with callus formation.

21. Night splint for post polio. 22. Pantalon cast for pelvic bone fracture 23. Patella tendon bearing cast for fractured tibia-fibula with callus formation. 24. Quadrilateral (ischial weight bearing) cast for shaft of femur with callus formation. 25. Rizzers jacket for scoliosis 26. Short arm circular cast for wrist and fingers. 27. Short arm posterior mold for wrist and fingers with compound affectation. 28. Short leg circular cast for ankle and foot fracture. 29. Short leg posterior mold for ankle and foot with compound affectation. 30. Shoulder spica for humerus and shoulder joint. 31. Single hip spica for hip and 1 femur. 32. Single hip spica mold for pelvic fracture with callus formation. 33. 1 and hip spica for hip and femur. 34. 1 and spica mold for hip and femur with compound affectation.

VI. TRACTION
Definition: In orthopedic medicine, traction refers to the set of mechanisms for straightening broken bones or relieving pressure on the spine and skeletal system. There are two types of traction: skin traction and skeletal traction. Purpose: regain normal length and alignment of involved bone lessen or eliminate muscle spasms relieve pressure on nerves, especially spinal and prevent or reduce skeletal deformities or muscle contractures

Principles:

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy